quiz 2 Flashcards
(26 cards)
What is the Courpus Callosum?
It is a bundle of axons that unites the two hemispheres of the brain.
What is the function of the parietal lobe of the brain?
Sense of location in space and Somatic sensation.
The caudate/putamen is also known as…
the basal ganglia
What causes CTE (chronic traumatic encephalopathy?
Repeated blows to the head
What is the part of the brain that degenerates in Parkinson’s disease?
The Substantia Nigra
Ethanol ataxia is mediated by which part of the brain?
The Cerebellum
Tremor and loss of balance is associated with degeneration of which part of the cerebellum?
Cerebellar Vermis
True or false: All axons are myelinated and only have synapses at the terminus of the axon.
False, some axons are non-myelinated and have synapses on the axon itself.
Which of the following drugs have poor blood brain barrier penetration? (less than 10% penetration)
A) Nicotine C) Diazepam E) Heroin G)Methotrexate
B) Morphine D) Ethanol F) Penicillin
Morphine, Methotrexate and Penicillin
In what way do inhibitory neurotransmitters such as GABA DIRECTLY inhibit neurotranmitters?
Inhibitory transmitters such as GABA open chloride channels. This causes the membrane potential to drop, decreasing the chance of an action potential.
All CNS neurons express AMPA and NMDA receptors, what does this mean with respect to neurotransmitters?
This means that all CNS neurons can be excited by glutamate.
NMDA, Kainate, and AMPA receptors are ____ receptors
Excitatory, Ionotropic
True of false: Metabotropic receptors are typically faster and have a more limited variety of effects compared to ionotropic receptors.
False, metabotropic are slower and have mixed actions depending on the type
What is Hyperalgesia?
Hyperalgesia is an increased sensitivity to pain
True of false; GABA receptors are ionotropic.
True
What subunit of the GABA receptor do Diazepam and other benzodiazepines bind to?
the α subunit (specialized for benzodiazepines)
What is the pure antagonist to benzodiazepines?
Flumazenil
True or false: Barbiturates bind to the α subunit of the GABA receptor.
False, Barbiturates bind to the β subunit.
What 3 drugs would the professor consider to be “modern hypnotics”?
Zolpidem, Zaleplon, and Eszopiclone
Why aren’t Barbiturates very safe?
The lethal dose of Barbiturates is typically only 10 times the effective dose.
Which benzodiazepine has a very short half-life and intense withdrawal symptoms?
Triazolam
which benzodiazepine has a tendency to cause memory loss and is administered IV?
Midazolam
Why is Propanolol used to treat panic disorders?
Propranolol suppresses acceleration of heart rate in association with fear
What part of the brain is typically hyperactive in individuals with anxiety disorders?
The amygdala
