test 1 Flashcards
(23 cards)
Which injectable general anesthetic is a nmda antagonist and causes violent hallucinations in adults?
Ketamine
true or false: Midazolam is a general anesthetic
False, midazolam is an adjunct anesthetic
MAC is the alveolar partial pressure of a
gaseous anesthetic that abolishes movement response to a surgical incision in _____% of
patients.
50%
Why isn’t NO2 used alone for general anesthesia?
because NO2 has a MAC of 1atm, you would suffocate
which two gaseous anesthetics cause liver toxicity
methoxyflurane and thiomethoxylurane
True or false: isoflurane has a slower induction and recovery, but is more potent and less expensive than halothane.
False, HALOTHANE has a slower induction and recovery time, but is more potent and less expensive than ISOFLURANE.
Malignant hyperthermia is caused by _______ (general anesthetic) and should be treated with _____
halothane, dantrolene
True or false: inhaled anesthetics tend to cause a decrease in atrial pressure and an increase in arterial pressure.
FALSE! they cause a decrease in mean ARterial pressure and an increase in mean ATrial pressure
True or false: inhaled anesthetics cause a decrease in metabolic rate and an increase of blood flow and pressure in the brain.
true
Halothane causes hepatotoxicity due to……
enzyme disregulaton with repeated exposure
What is the overall antagonist for intravenous anesthetics?
TRICK QUESTION!!!!! there are no antagonist for intravenous anesthetics
why do propofol as fospropofol have very short recovery times?
they are cleared quickly by metabolism
how do you reverse the effects of succinlycholine?
administer neostigmine
what two adjuvants to anesthetics cause amnesia?
Midazolam and Droperidol
What is the molecular target of the axons in DA systems 1 & 2?
the medium spiny neurons
which type of neuron is the first to die in huntington’s disease and the convergence point of GABA, glutamate, and ACh neurons?
medium spiny neurons
medium spiny neurons and cholinergic interneurons are located in what part of the brain?
the striatum
what are the neurotoxins that are believed to cause environmental/sporadic Parkinson’s disease?
MPTP (MPP+ inhibits mitochondrial complex I oxidative phosphorylation) and rotenone.
what is the believed cause of familial Parkinson’s disease?
mutated α-synuclein gene in Italian family lineage
ropinirole is selective for which DA receptor?
D2
which 2 dopamine stimulating anti Parkinson’s drugs are ergot derived?
bromocriptine and pergolide
Which two parkinsons drugs are MAO inhibitors?
seleGILINE
rasaGILINE
Which two parkinson’s drugs are COMT inhibitors?
tolCAPONE
entaCAPONE
