quiz 2 Flashcards

(30 cards)

1
Q

true or false, yellowstone marks the end of a continental hot-spot track

A

true

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2
Q

the tendency of a mineral to break and produce a smooth, carving shell-shaped surface is termed

A

conchoidal fracture

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3
Q

the mantle is composed entirely of …

A

molten peridotite

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4
Q

identify the false statement
- formation of table salt is in mineralogic terms, formation of halite
- formation of table salt takes place when a solution becomes saturated
- formation of table salt is an example of solidification melt
- formation of table salt needs a crystal to begin

A

formation of table salt is an example of solidification melt

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5
Q

identify the false statement:
-Diamonds are brought through the crust in large carrot-shaped structure called pegmatites
–Diamonds have been found in South Africa, India, northwest Canada and the rocky mountains in the united states.
-Diamonds of industrial quality are used as abrasives
-Diamonds that have weathered out of ore bodies can end up in stream gravels
-Diamonds are brought from the mantles to the surface in magma that hardens into kimberlite

A

Diamonds are brought through the crust in large carrot-shaped structure called pegmatites

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6
Q

gemstones are commonly found in pegmatites wich are igneous rocks that are …

A

exceptionally coarse grained

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7
Q

the silica terahedron that forms the backbone of all the silicate minerals is composed of silicon and what other element?

A

oxygen

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8
Q

which of the following minerals is more commonly known as table salt? gypsum, feldspar, halite or quartz

A

halite

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9
Q

a blakc fine grained tabular intrusion between two layers of horizontal sedimentary rock must logically be a:

A

basaltic sill

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10
Q

an unknown mineral scartches glass, has only average specific gravity, and shows no cleavage but does show conchoidal fracture. which of the following could it be? Galena, mica, talc , halite or quartz

A

quartz

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11
Q

define silicates

A

-are classified on the basis of how the tetrahedrons join and share oxygen atoms
-are a huge category of minerals and include the common minerals quartz and feldspar
-have the sillicon-oxygen tetrahedron as their structural unit
-are a major component of the continental crust

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12
Q

bowen’s reaction series

A

allows geologist to predict what minerals will be grouped in igneous rocks

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13
Q

what volcanic features is not related to plate boundary magmatism?

A

Kilauea, Hawaii

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14
Q

solid blocks of wall rocks (sometimes called country rock) may:

A

-not melt but instead remain as recognizable blocks called xenoliths
-be broken off during a process called stoping
-melt entirely and thus change the chemical composition of the intruding magma
- be broken off by intruding magma

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15
Q

the energy of various crystal has been shown by scientist to improve human healthà6

A

false

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16
Q

intrusive igneous rocks

A

cool slowly and are coarse grained

17
Q

wich of the following is not true about minerals?
-all minerals are compound of more than one element
-all minerals are naturally made
-some minerals are preicipitated by organisms
-all minerals can be expressed as chemical formulas

A

all minerals are compounds of more than one element

18
Q

granite

A

-is felsic in composition
-logically could be found in batholith
-is a phaneritic rock
-is the coarse grained equivalent of rhyolite

19
Q

the mineral bronze is produced when humans melt copper and tin together

A

false, bronze is not a mineral

20
Q

identify the false statement: mafic minerals
-freeze at higher temperature than silic minerals do
-form black or dark-gray rocks
-would be at the top of bowen’s reaction series, crystallizing first out the melt
-are those rich in iron and magnesium
-form rhyolyte and granite

A

form rhyolyte and granite

21
Q

after an explosive volcanic eruption on an island, the surrounding sea is full of light-gay floating rock. what must this rock be?

22
Q

calcite is a mineral that can constitute oyster shells and in such cases is an example of which mineral formation?

A

biomineralization

23
Q

what pair of minerals are polymorphs

A

graphite and diamond

24
Q

which mineral group composes more than 90% of the minerals of the continental crust?

25
the bedrock of the Columbia River plateau in Oregon and Washington are flood basalts associated with a mantle superplume
true
26
a rock has a médium-gray, fine grained groundmass with large cystals of plagioclase. true or false : the lava flow that produced was quickly quenched in ocean water
false
27
identify the false statement: magma moves up towards earths surface -because the weight of overlying rock creates pressure that squeezes it up - because its less dense than the surrounding rock -while some of its dissolved volatiles bubble out of solution -slowly, working its way up through cracks and narrow conduits -more quickly as it cools and therefore becomes less viscous and more dense
more quickly as it cools and therefore becomes less viscous and more dense
28
window glass is not a mineral because it doesnt have crystal lattice structure
true
29
when you scrape a mineral along a ceramic plate to observe the colour of its powder, you are checking the physical property known as
streak
30
gold and copper can both be found as native metals
true