Quiz 2

Question 0

What are the radiation units for ABSORBED DOSE (Customary & SI)?

1. Customary
2. SI

Answer 0

1. Rad

2. Gray (Gyt)

Question 1

What are the radiation units for EXPOSURE (Customary and SI)?

1. Customary
   2a. SI
   2b. SI

Answer 1

1. Roentgen (R)
   2a. Air Kerma (Gya)
   2b. Coulombs per Kilogram (C/kg)

Question 2

What are the radiation units for EQUIVALENT DOSE (Customary & SI)?

1. Customary
2. SI

Answer 2

1. Rem

2. Seivert (Sv)

Question 3

What are the radiation units for RADIOACTIVITY (Customary & SI)

1. Customary
2. SI

Answer 3

1. Curie (Ci)

2. Becquerel (Bq)

Question 4

When converting SI units and Customary units, ___ Customary units = ___ SI units. (Except for Coulombs***)

Answer 4

100 Customary= 1 SI

Question 5

Exposure in air: 1 Roentgen is also equivalent to _____ x 10^-4 C/kg

Answer 5

2.58

Question 6

What are the two internal components of the xray tube?

Answer 6

Anode

Cathode

Question 7

What are the three external components of the xray tube?

Answer 7

Support Structure
Protective Housing
Glass Envelope or Metal Enclosure

Question 8

The tube housing is required to reduce radiation to less than:

Answer 8

100mR/hr

Question 9

Which design does the tube envelope resemble?

Answer 9

Coolidge

Question 10

The Cathode is made up of ________ tungsten.

Answer 10

Thoriated

Question 11

(Dual Focus Tubes/ Filaments)

Large filaments produce ____ - 1.2 mm focal spots.

Answer 11

0.4

Question 12

(Dual Focus Tubes/ Filaments)

Small filaments produce ____ - 0.5mm focal spots.

Answer 12

0.1

Question 13

What is the most common cause of tube failure which in turn leads to filament breakdown?

Answer 13

Tungsten Vaporization

Question 14

The stator is powered by an induction motor and creates a magnetic field which measures in between _______ - ________ RPM.

Answer 14

3,600-10,000

Question 15

Pitting due to slow rotation and exceeding heat capacity is an example of:

Answer 15

Anode Failure

Question 16

The physical area of the focal track that is impacted is called:

Answer 16

Actual focal spot

Question 17

The area of the focal spot that is projected out of the tube toward the object being radiographed is called;

Answer 17

Effective

Question 18

The angling of the target area on the anode is called:

Answer 18

Line focus principle

Question 19

As the anode angle decreases, the ______ focal spot decreases.

Answer 19

Effective

Question 20

The only advantage of a large focal spot is increased _______ _________.

Answer 20

Heat Capacity

Question 21

The blurring on the edge of an organ or bone due to the size of the focal spot is called:

Answer 21

Penumbra

Question 22

Kvp, tube current, voltage wave form, length of exposure and number of exposures determine the amount of heat generated and expressed in:

Answer 22

Heat Units (HU)

Question 23

In order to calculate the total Anode Cooling Factor expressed in HU, one must mulitply:

Answer 23

Kv x mAs x voltage waveform factor

Question 24

The Voltage Waveform factor for single phase is:

Answer 24

1.00

Question 25

The Voltage Waveform factor for Triple Phase 6 Pulse is:

Answer 25

1.35

Question 26

The Voltage Waveform factor for Triple Phase 12 Pulse is:

Answer 26

1.41

Question 27

The Voltage Waveform factor Triple Phase High Frequency is:

Answer 27

1.45

Question 28

A reduction in radiation intensity results from a complete or partial loss of x-ray photon energy as it passes through matter. This is called:

Answer 28

Attenuation

Question 29

A complete loss of energy is a form of attenuation termed:

Answer 29

Absorption

Question 30

High energy photons have _____ attenuation values.

Answer 30

Lower

Question 31

Low energy photons have _______ attenuation values.

Answer 31

Higher

Question 32

High energy electrons interact with the _______.

Answer 32

Nuclei

Question 33

The energy of photons that changes as it passes through the body is called:

Answer 33

Half Value Layer (HVL)

Question 34

Materials with a high z# are more dense and have a higher ________ value.

Answer 34

Attenuation value

Question 35

In every 4 cm of tissue the xray intensity is cut by _______ to the original value.

Answer 35

Half

Question 36

An incident electron that is absorbed, excites the atom, releases, and changes direction without losing any kinetic energy is called: (It only occurs with incident electrons with about 10keV***)

Answer 36

Coherent Scattering

Question 37

In the Photoelectric effect, an xray photon is completely absorbed by an ______ shell electron.

Answer 37

Inner

Question 38

What is the transfer calculation equation for the Photoelectric effect?

Answer 38

Ei=Eb+Eke

Question 39

Which kvp setting is more likely to cause a Photoelectric effect; low or high?

Answer 39

Low

Question 40

In the Compton effect, an electron changes it's direction, loses energy and becomes ionized. This ionization causes the electron to eject from the _______ SHELL.

Answer 40

OUTTER

Question 41

The Compton effect transfer calculation equation is:

Answer 41

Ei= Es + Eb + Eke

Question 42

In Pair Production a _______ is attracted to a negative electron and both undergo an ________ effect. Not Diagnostic; Happens in RAD Therapy such as PET Scans***

Answer 42

Positron | Annihilation

Question 43

In Photo Disintegration the atomic ______ breaks down due to an incident photon having an energy greater than 10 meV. Not Diagnostic***

Answer 43

Nucleus

Question 44

What is the study of stationary or resting electric charges? | An object is said to be electrified if it has too few electrons*

Answer 44

Electrostatics

Question 45

_______ is caused by Friction, Contact, Induction.

Answer 45

Electrification

Question 46

What are the 5 Laws of Electrostatics? | Right Inside Directly Centered More

Answer 46

1. Repulsion/ Attraction 2. Inverse square 3. Distribution 4. Concentration 5. Motion

Question 47

Describe the inverse square law in Electrostatics: f=k x q1 x q2/ d^2

Answer 47

Low Energy Force.. Greater Distance High Energy Force.. Shorter Distance Force is inversely proportional to the square of the distance.

Question 48

Electric charges reside on external surfaces of conductors.. What law is this?

Answer 48

Distribution

Question 49

Charges are greater on a curved surface of a conductor.. What law is this?

Answer 49

Concentration

Question 50

Only negative charges can move in solid conductors.. What law is this?

Answer 50

Motion

Question 51

(V=I x R) Voltage is equal to the product of Current (I, Amps, A) flowing through a conductor and the Resistance of the conductor (R). This is called _______ law.

Answer 51

Ohm's

Question 52

Which type of electric material allows electrons to flow easy?

Answer 52

Conductors

Question 53

Which type of electric material are very poor conductors?

Answer 53

Insulators

Question 54

Which electric material allows electrons to pass through little by little through a gap?

Answer 54

Semiconductors

Question 55

Superconductors have ______ resistance.

Answer 55

0

Question 56

Weakly repelled materials such as water or plastic are called:

Answer 56

Diamagnetic

Question 57

Weakly attracted materials such as Gadolinium (MRI Contrast) are called:

Answer 57

Paramagnetic

Question 58

Strongly magnetized materials such as iron, nickel, or cobalt are called:

Answer 58

Ferromagnetic

Question 59

The process by which an object or material is magnetized by an external magnetic field is called:

Answer 59

Magnetic Induction

Question 60

The relationship between current, ferromagnetic cores and changing magnetic fields is called:

Answer 60

Electromagnetic Induction

Question 61

What produces electricity (converts mechanical energy to electrical energy)? Ex: Dynamo Components: Magnet & Wire Loop

Answer 61

Generator

Question 62

What converts electrical energy to mechanical energy? Components: Magnet, Wireloop, Source of Electricity

Answer 62

Motor

Question 63

The flow of electric charges reverses direction.. This is an example of _____. Two loops*

Answer 63

Alternating Current

Question 64

The flow of electric charges are in only one direction.. This is called ______. One loop*

Answer 64

Direct Current