Quiz 2

Question 1

According to Okeson, the two major symptoms that can be observed in masticatory muscle disorders are

a. tooth mobility.
b. attrition.
c. pain.
d. dysfunction.
e. all of the above.
f. a and b
g. c and d

Answer 1

g. c and d

Question 2

Pain felt in muscle tissue is called

a. myospasm
b. myalgia
c. myositis
d. myopia

Answer 2

b. myalgia

Question 3

Muscle pain is far more complex than simple overuse and fatigue. It is now appreciated that muscle pain can be greatly influenced by central mechanisms.

True
False

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Dysfunction of the masticatory muscles is usually seen as

a. a decrease in range of mandibular movement.
b. an acute malocclusion.
c. a periodontal access.
d. all of the above.
e. a and b only
f. b and c only

Answer 4

e. a and b only

Question 5

According to Okeson, of the five types of masticatory muscle disorders ( protective co-contraction [muscle splinting], local muscle soreness, myofascial (trigger point) pain, myospasm, and chronic centrally mediated myalgia), those most commonly seen in the dental office are

a. all of those listed.
b. the first three listed.
c. the last two listed.
d. all of those listed plus fibromyalgia.

Answer 5

b. the first three listed.

protective co-contraction [muscle splinting], local muscle soreness, myofascial (trigger point) pain

Question 6

Local factors represent any event that acutely alters sensory or proprioceptive input in the masticatory structures. Which are considered local factors?

a. the fracture of a tooth
b. a new restoration in supraocclusion
c. tissue damage from a dental injection
d. chewing unusually hard food
e. chewing for a long time
f. opening the mouth too wide
g. all of the above

Answer 6

g. all of the above

Question 7

Systemic factors may also represent events that can interrupt normal muscle function. Which are considered systemic factors?

a. emotional stress
b. acute illness or viral infections
c. “constitutional factors” e.g., age,gender, diet, genetics
d. all of the above
e. c only

Answer 7

d. all of the above

Question 8

The most common clinical feature of myofascial pain is the presence of local areas of firm, hypersensitive bands of muscle tissue called trigger points.
True
False

Answer 8

True

Question 9

Match the local perpetuating factors and systemic perpetuating factors contributing to chronic muscle pain.

a. Local perpetuating factors
b. Systemic perpetuating factors

Answer 9

A. Protractive cause, Recuurent cause, therapeutic mismanagement

b. continued emotional stress, sleep disturbances, learned behavior, secondary gain, depression

Question 10

Centrally mediated myalgia (chronic myositis) is a chronic, continuous muscle pain disorder originating predominantly from CNS effects and involving the afferent neuronal release of nociceptive neurotransmitters that are felt peripherally in the muscle tissues. A more accurate term for this process/symptom, according to Okeson, is

a. afferent owie
b. neurogenic inflammation
c. nociceptive afferentitis
d. neurotic bradykinosis

Answer 10

b. neurogenic inflammation