Quiz 2 Flashcards
(18 cards)
What does it mean to consider public speaking as enlarged conversation?
The skills of public speaking are not so different from those used in conversation. Except for preparation time and turn-taking delay.
What are suggested criteria in choosing a topic?
Select a topic:
- that matters to you.
- appropriate to the speaking occasion.
- appropriate to your audience.
What is the general purpose of a speech? What are similarities and differences between persuasive and informative general purposes?
informing, persuading and entertaining. Persuasive speeches typically contain much information about issues and solutions. Speeches intended to inform may also persuade listeners to adopt new beliefs, attitudes or actions.
What is the specific purpose of a speech?
A behavioral objective or observable response that will indicate you have been effective in achieving your communication goal.
What makes for a good thesis statement of a speech?
A good thesis statement is one that listeners can grasp at the beginning of
your talk and remember after you have finished.
How are demographic characteristics helpful in preparing our speech?
Demographic information can help you adapt your speech to your listeners.
What is situational audience analysis? What are the three elements of situational audience analysis?
seeks information about specific listeners that relates directly to the speaker’s
topic and purpose.
Includes the listeners:
- Orientation toward the topic
- Orientation toward the speaker.
- Orientation toward the speaking occasion.
What are similarities and differences in organizing a speech and to organizing an essay?
Similar:
- both have structure.
- require organisation.
Different:
- Oral requires more explicit organisation
- Oral benefits from greater redundancy within message.
- Oral should rely on less complex sentence structure.
What are the three types of outlines?
- The working outline, basic map of the speech.
- The formal outline, all main points and subpoints.
- The key word outline, includes only the key words of each point.
What is the Temporal pattern? Spatial pattern? Star pattern? Comparative pattern? Problem-solution pattern?
- Temporal or time, good for historical events.
- Spatial, organizes ideas according to physcial relationships.
- Star, includes several main points that work together.
- Comparative, compare two or more things.
- Problem solving, divides a topic into a problem and solution.
What are the four goals that a good introduction accomplishes?
(1) It gets listeners’ attention and motivates
them to listen. (2) It presents a clear thesis statement. (3) It enhances the
speaker’s credibility. (4) It previews how the speech will be developed.
What does a good conclusion accomplish?
summarizes content and provides a memorable final thought
What are the ways that transitions can be accomplished?
Phrases can be used to signal start of a new idea.
Summary statements.
Can be non-verbal.
What are causes of communication apprehension?
- Communicating with those who are unfamiliar.
- In new or different situations.
- Being in the spotlight.
- When we are being evaluated.
- Due to failure in past situations.
How can we manage communication apprehension?
- Systematic desensitization is a method of treating fears. It focuses on reducing the tension that surrounds the feared event.
- Cognitive restructuring is a method of helping
people change how they think about speaking situations - Positive visualization
- Skills training.
What is “oral style?” What is a common mistake by speakers in this area? What are the three qualities of effective oral communication?
Oral style refers to speakers’ visual, vocal, and verbal communication with listeners.
mistake is to use written style instead of oral.
- Its more informal than written communication.
- more personal than written style.
- more immediate and active than written style.
How does impromptu style differ from “extemporaneous” style? “manuscript” style? “memorized” style?
Involves little preparation.
What principles and practices are discussed about practicing your speech?
Alone, in front of a mirror, or taping yourself.
