Quiz 2 (Ch. 2) Flashcards
(48 cards)
Why should we measure behavior?
determine if treatment is necessary
-identify best treatment
-measure change in behavior following treatment
behavioral assessment
measurement of TB in modification, important for:
-measuring B before best treatment to see if it’s needed
-determines if B changed after treatment
2 types of behavioral assessment
indirect, direct
indirect assessment
interviews, questionnaires & rating scales to get info on TB
-relies on person’s recall of TB
direct assessment
person observes or records TB as it occurs
-preferred and is more accurate because observer is trained
-observers in indirect assessment relies on memories and may not be trained
steps to make a recording
1) defining TB
2) determining recording logistics
3) choosing recording method
4) choosing recording instrument
defining TB
-identify person’s B that constitutes behavioral excess/deficit targeted for change
-includes active verbs describing B
-doesn’t include internal states or intentions as they can’t be observed and are often incorrect
Why aren’t labels B?
-ambiguous, can’t be observed, used incorrectly
inter-observer agreement (IOA)
-two people independently observe B and both record behavior occurred
self-monitoring
observer is person exhibiting TB
-valuable when its not possible for observer to record TB when B occurs frequently or when no one is there
-can be combined w/ direct observation by other observer
observation period
observer records TB at time when its likely to occur
-indirect assessment information may indicate times
-determined by availability of observers or constraints imposed by client’s activities and preference w/ parent or guardian’s consent especially when it occurs w/o client knowing
What settings does observation or recording take place in?
natural, analogue
natural setting
consists of places where TB occurs
-more representative sample of B under normal circumstances
analogue setting
not part of client’s routine, involves separate room where stimuli or activities are controlled by experimenter
-TB may be influenced but more controlled and variables are easier to manipulate
Observation of TB can be…
structured or unstructured
structured
observer arranges for events or activities to OCCUR in observation period
unstructured
NO events, activities, or instructions given
recording methods
-continuous
-product
-interval
-time sample
continuous recording
observer records each occurrence of B
-identifies onset/offset, can choose 1+ dimensions
-time/labor intensive
Why should we measure behavior?
determine if treatment is necessary
-identify best treatment
-measure change in behavior following treatment
What dimensions are recorded in continuous recording?
-frequency
-duration
-intensity
-latency
frequency
-measured by counting times it occurs, one occurrence is one on/offset
-may be reported as rate (frequency / time of observation period) as response per min.
duration
measured by timing it from onset -> offset
-reported as percentage of time (duration / time of observation period)
real-time recording
time of each onset/offset behavior is recorded and has record of frequency/duration of TB and timing of each occurrence
-carried out after video recording on data sheet or software
