quiz #2 - medications

Question 1

examples of central acting analgesics

Answer 1

Acetaminophen (tylenol)

Question 2

examples of NSAIDs

Answer 2

Acetylsalicylic Acid (Aspirin)
Ibuprofen (Advil)
Celecoxib (Celebrex)

Question 3

examples of narcotics

Answer 3

Opioids & Mixed Opioids
(fentanyl, heroin, morphine)

Question 4

side effects of NSAIDs

Answer 4

-gastric irritation & kidney dysfunction (gastric ulcers from aspirin use)
-elevated risk of thrombosis
-more bruising & bleeding

Question 5

indications for the use of narcotics

Answer 5

for moderate to severe P

Debilitating injuries
Severe fractures
Major surgery
Terminal diseases
Chronic conditions characterized by severe pain

Question 6

MOA for corticosteroids

Answer 6

acts directly on nucleus of cell

drug enters cell, binds to a glucocorticoid receptor, complex moves to nucleus to stimulate DNA transcription into mRNA, producing proteins like enzymes, structural proteins, & messengers

Question 7

MOA for beta blockers

Answer 7

block beta adrenergic receptors

Question 8

4 main categories of drugs that increase blood vessel diameter

Answer 8

1. Vasodilators
2. Calcium Channel Blockers
3. ACE Inhibitors
4. Alpha Receptor Drugs

Question 9

of the drugs that increase blood vessel diameter, where does nitroglyceran fall under?

Answer 9

vasodilator

Question 10

difference between thrombolytics & anti-thrombotics

Answer 10

thrombolytics: break down clots & thrombi that have already formed

anti-thrombotics: inhibit thrombosis by altering how platelets adhere

Question 11

what are diuretics?

Answer 11

increase formation of urine by acting on nephrons, leads to reduction of total blood volume & decrease in BP

Question 12

why is insulin not ingested or taken orally?

Answer 12

because insulin is a protein

if ingested or taken orally, GI tract digests it completely, making it inert & unusable

Question 13

side effects of metformin and how it will affect massage therapy Tx

Answer 13

-fatigue & weakness (shorter Tx)
-mm cramps, weakness & tingling
-may be electrolyte loss/ B12 deficiency
-mm can be hypo/ hyper-responsive to Tx
-can cause easy bruising (depths of technique modified)
-avoid mm stripping, skin rolling & x-fibre frictions

Question 14

if your clt is having a diabetic instability episode, what should you do?

Answer 14

always give sugar, never give insulin

-give sugar that is rapidly absorbed: fruit juice, candy, chocolate, banana
-if not fully conscious, be careful of choking risk, place sweet substance in cheek pouch or under tongue
-keep them warm, seek medical intervention especially if no improvement in 5-10 mins

Question 15

Ci’s for massage therapy for someone who gets insulin injections

Answer 15

-no local hydrotherapy/ direct manual technique over recent injection sites, avoid for at least 24 hours
-receive massage tx in middle of insulin cycle
-have new patients check blood glucose before & after Tx

Question 16

MOA for cromolyn sodium

Answer 16

stabilizes membranes of mast cells in respiratory tract to prevent release of histamines

Question 17

MOA for beta-adrenergic agonists

Answer 17

agonists mimic action of sympathetic neurotransmitter, norepinephrine to produce dilation

Question 18

what do histamines do to the heart?

Answer 18

increase rate & force of contraction, decrease AV conduction rate

Question 19

drugs that suppress or reduce coughing

Answer 19

antitussives

Question 20

3 main classes of drugs that manage respiratory congestion

Answer 20

1. Decongestants
2. Expectorants
3. Corticosteroids

Question 21

MOA for decongestants versus espectorants

Answer 21

D: decrease mucous production

E: increase fluid production

Question 22

massage is ____ with acute episodes of infection or fever

Answer 22

CI’d

Question 23

what effects can NSAID medications have on asthma?

Answer 23

can intensify asthma