Quiz 2 - Muscles and Integument, Cardiovascule, Respiratory and Digestive Systems

Question 1

List the location and actions of muscles of the head and neck

Question 2

List the locations and actions of muscles of the abdomen, thoracic limb, and pelvic limb

Question 3

List the locations and actions of muscles of respiration

Question 4

Descibe the microscopic anatomy of skeletal muscle, smooth muscle, and cardiac muscle cells

Question 5

What are the type of tissues in the body?

Answer 5

Epithelial tissue
Nervous Tissue
Connective Tissue
Muscle

Question 6

Name the three types of muscle and give an example of each

Answer 6

Cardiac: heart
Skeletal: limbs, diaphram
Smooth: Intestines, bladder, uterus

Question 7

What are muscles?

Answer 7

Muscles are the main contractile tissues of the body involved in movement

Question 8

What do muscles cause, produce, and maintain?

Answer 8

They cause motion and produce force that the body uses to move and manipulate the body, they maintain posture and produce heat

Question 9

Are muscle movements conscious or subconscious?

Answer 9

They are both!

Question 10

What does each muscle have?

Answer 10

Each muscle has its own blood supply, arteries and veins, and nerve connections

Question 11

What do muscles attach to and where are they found?

Answer 11

They are found throughout the body and are attached to bones, other muscles and skin

Question 12

How much weight does muscle account for on an animal?

Answer 12

up to half

Question 13

Explain muscle composition.

Answer 13

Each muscle is composed of many cells held together by connective tissue. Each muscle fiber receives its own nerve impulses, triggering various motions. That signal or impulse then travels down the nerve to the muscle, then the muscles fibwe changes chemical energy into mechanical energy

Question 14

What is a rich capillary and what is it responsible for?

Answer 14

It is the smallest of all blood vessels and its responsible for the distribution that helps to deliver oxygen to muscles

Question 15

What is the difference between voluntary and involuntary muscle control

Answer 15

Voluntary muscles can be controlled by thought wheras involuntary muscles are those that are automatically controlled by the nervous system and cannot be moved at will

Question 16

What makes the muscle you chose suitable for injections?

Question 17

What function do extensor muscles have?

Question 18

What function do the flexor muscles have?

Question 19

What function do the adductor muslces have?

Question 20

What function do the abductor muscles have?

Question 21

List the sequence of events of a muscle contraction.

Question 22

What is the primary function of the integumentary system? What part(s) of the body are considered integument?

Question 23

What are the three layers of skin?

Answer 23

Epidermis
dermis
hypodermis

Question 24

Compare and contrast Sarcoptic and Demodectic Mange

Question 25

Describe the steps to safely cutting dog or cat nails

Question 26

Identify the types of muscles that are voluntary. Identify the types of muscles that are involuntary.

Answer 26

Skeletal muscles are voluntary whereas smooth and cardiac muscles are involuntary

Question 27

What is the nervous system?

Answer 27

A control system that acts largely unconsiously and regulates bodily function such as the heart rate, digestion, respiratory rate, pupillary response, urination, sexual arousal

Question 28

Explain the skeletal muscle

Question 29

Where are skeletal muslces located?

Answer 29

Head and neck Muscles of respiration abdominal thoracic limb pelvic limb cutaneous

Question 30

Explain the cardiac muscles

Question 31

Explain what smooth muscle is

Question 32

What are the two types of smooth muscle an examples of where to find them?

Answer 32

Viseral smooth (in sheets of cells found in the walls of hollow organs) bladder, intestine, uterus Multi-unit smooth (small discrete groups of cells that work on their own) muscles in the eye, respiratory tract, small blood vessels

Question 33

What are the two types of connective tissue?

Answer 33

Fat and fascia

Question 34

What are the muscle attachment sites? Which is more stable?

Answer 34

Origin and insertion Origin is more stable because it doesnt move much when the muscle contacts

Question 35

Tendons attach _________ to __________ Ligaments attach ___________ to ____________

Answer 35

Tendons attach muscle to bone ligaments attach bone to bone

Question 36

List the four Muscle actions.

Answer 36

Agonist - the prime mover Antagonist - directly opposes the action of an agonist synergist - contracts at same time as the agonist to assist its actions Fixator - stabalizes the joints to allow other movements

Question 37

Identify the primary functions of the integumentary system

Answer 37

protection of teh body houses sensory receptors regulates body temperature produced vitamin d secretes and excretes substances through the glands of the skin

Question 38

Identify the layers of the integument

Answer 38

Epidermis dermis hypodermis

Question 39

What are the four cells of the epidermis?

Answer 39

Karatinocyte gives skin reciliency and strength Melanocyte produces melanin pigment langerhans cell merkel cell

Question 40

identify and describe the special feautures of the integument

Answer 40

Pigmentation the result of the presence or absence of melanin granules in extensions of melanocytes. Controlled by hypophysis Paw pads tough, thick layers of fat and connective tissue. contains all 5 epidemal layer. They are pigmented with multiple foot pads (carpal, metacarput and metatarsal pads and digit pads) Planum Nasale top of the nose in cats, sheep, pigs and dogs. It is usually pigmented with three epidermal layers Ergots and chestnuts dark, horny stuctures on legs of equine family that are thought to be vestiges of digits. chestnuts are located on the inside of each leg at carpus and tarsus while ergots are buried in caudal hairs of fetlock Cutaneous pouches in sheep infolding of skin that contain fine hair and sebacecous and oil glands. located in three locations (the infraorbital, interdigital, and inguinal)

Question 41

Identify the related structures of the integument

Question 42

What is the stratum corneum?

Answer 42

The outermost portion of the epidermis. It accounts for 75% of total skin thickness. It is relatively waterproof and prevents most bacteria, viruses and otehr foreign substances from entering the body

Question 43

Dermis gives the skin its _____ and ________

Answer 43

flexibility and strength

Question 44

Where are the sweat glands located and what else is located there?

Answer 44

the dermis. it also contains nerve endings, oil glands, hair follicles, and blood vessels

Question 45

What are the two layers of the dermis?

Answer 45

Papillary thin layer below teh epidermis loops bloods vessels and nerve endings Reticular layer 80% of the dermis

Question 46

What is the function of the hypodermis?

Answer 46

It allows skin to move freely over underlying structures contains blood and lymph vessels, nerves and fat tissue where pain receptors are