QUIZ 2 RAD 1127 Flashcards
(186 cards)
1
Q
What are standard precautions?
A
It is observed to control the spread of HEPATITIS AND HIV VIRUS
2
Q
The first tier of transmission-based isolation precautions is called?
A
Standard precautions
3
Q
What should we always assume?
A
We should always assume that anyone and everyone is infected and also everyone’s blood and bodily fluid is may be a source of infection
4
Q
HOW DO WE PROTECT A PATIENTS CONFIDENTIALITY?
A
NEVER ASK A PATIENT IF THEIR HEPATITIS OR HIV POSITIVE, Again Assume that all patients are infected and observe standard precautions.
5
Q
What do standard precautions involve whenever in contact with blood or bodily fluids?
A
They involve use of Barriers such as facemask, shield gloves etc
6
Q
A system that uses barriers between individuals and assumes all patients are infectious is called?
A
Standard precautions
7
Q
A system that emphasizes the placement of barriers between the health care worker and the patient is called?
A
Standard precautions
8
Q
What does standard precautions does not apply to?
A
Do not apply to feces, urine, mucus, sweat, tears, and vomit unless they contain visible amounts of blood.
9
Q
The placement of barriers between the health care worker and the patient assumes that?
A
There is always a contagion present
10
Q
When you are performing patient care in radiology?
A
Hands should be washed after each procedure
11
Q
Some other precautions for all patient care are?
A
- Wash hands often.
- Wear disposable gloves whenever you may touch blood, bodily fluids and substances, mucus membranes or non-intact skin.
- Eye protection should be worn whenever there is chance of blood or bodily fluids splattering.
- Wear a plastic gown when clothing is likely to be soiled.
- Needles should never be recapped after use and should be placed in a puncture proof “SHARPS” container labeled for needle/sharps disposal. Do no break, bend or recap needles.
- Used items such as gloves, gowns, and eye protective devices should be disposed of in specially marked “CONTAMINATED” biohazard plastic bags.
12
Q
The most effective method used to prevent the spread of infection is?
A
Handwashing
13
Q
A radiographer should wear eye protection when?
A
Any time there is a possibility of blood splashing
14
Q
Needles should be recapped after use when?
A
NEVER
15
Q
Wear disposable gloves whenever you may touch?
A
blood, bodily fluids and substances, mucus membranes or non-intact skin
16
Q
Any area that is touched by body fluids?
A
Any area that is touched by body fluids MUST BE WASHED COMPLETELY
17
Q
What is used for total protection of the health care worker from every method of transmission possible in the work setting?
A
Standard precautions
18
Q
Used bandages and dressings OR gloves, gowns, and eye-protective devices must be placed?
A
Into red plastic biohazard bags and sealed (SAYS CONTAMINATED)
19
Q
NPO MEANS
A
NOTHING BY MOUTH
20
Q
HANDWASHING USES THE FOLLOWING METHODS?
A
BOTH CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL
21
Q
What is a disease?
A
Caused by Microorganims
Any deviation from or interruption of the normal structure or function of any part, organ, or system (or combination thereof) of the body caused my microorganisms.
CDC IS Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
22
Q
What are infections?
Infectious organism: Pathogen
A
are diseases caused by microbiologic agents or pathogenic organisms. These are
organisms that are too small to be seen with the naked eye and are called microorganisms, microbes, or germs.
23
Q
MICROORGANISMS THAT CAUSES INFECTIOUS DISEASES ARE CLASSIFIED AS?
A
PATHOGENIC
24
Q
DOES ALL MICROORGANISMS CAUSES DISEASE?
A
NO NOT ALL CAUSES DISEASE
25
ARE MICROORGANISMS GOOD?
THEY ARE ESSENTIAL TO HUMAN LIFE
26
THE mode of transmissionS ARE?
1. Direct
a. droplet
b. direct contact
2. Indirect
a. airborne
b. vehicle borne
c. fomite
d. vector borne-mechanical or biological
27
TYPES OF INDIRECT TRANSMISSIONS ARE?
FOMITES, VECTOR, AEROSOL (AIRBORNE), VEHICLE
28
DIRECT TRANMISSIONS ARE?
1.DROPLET
2. DIRECT CONTACT SUCH AS TOUCHING
29
Vectors may be:
insects or animals that carry a disease. EG. MOSQUITO (MALARIA), TICKS (LYME DISEASE), FLEAS
30
What are **vehicle (transports) **transmission?
transport of infection. A vehicle is any medium that transports microorganisms.
31
Common vehicle transmission involves:
Food, water, medications, and equipment (water contained with microorganisms)
32
What is airborne transmission?
diseased microorganisms suspended in the air.
eg, TB, MEASLES, VICERLLA, RUBELLO, INLUENZA
33
Airborne transmission of infection may occur as a result of contact with?
Droplets (SNEEZES AND COUGHS) and dust
(i.e. diseases in air)
small respiratory droplets expelled into the air when an infected person coughs, sneezes, talks,
34
What is indirect contact?
touching objects that have been contaminated.
( by coughing, sneezing or talking).
35
Indirect contact involves:
An object containing pathogenic organisms
36
What route of transmission involves touching a susceptible person with a contaminated object (e.g., an IR)?
Indirect contact
37
Which of the following rules must always be followed
regardless of the route of transmission of infection?
Handwashing must be performed
38
Which of the following does not require the use of gloves?
1. Airborne
2. Droplet
3. Contact
a. 1 only b. 2 only c.1,2 d. 1, 3
A.1 only
39
Which of the following requires that all equipment and personnel be carefully covered?
Patients with neutropenia (BLOOD)
40
The reservoir of infection is located?
Anywhere organisms can thrive
41
An IR can be a source of infection through:
Indirect contact
42
What type of infection transmission is defined as being spread primarily on contaminated items, food, or water?
. Common vehicle transmission
43
This type of infection transmission occurs when an animal contains and transmits an infectious organism to humans?
Vectorborne transmission
44
What are droplet transmissions?
infectious secretions
45
This type of infection transmission occurs as a result of coughing or sneezing
Droplet transmission
46
This type of infection transmission occurs when an infected person or contaminated object touches a host?
DIRECT Contact transmission
47
What are fomites?
An object that has been in contact with pathogens comes in contact with susceptible tissues
48
Fomites can be?
an inanimate object, such as clothing, or a table that is not itself harmful but is able to harbor pathogenic microorganisms. (i.e. x-ray table, soiled linen, needles)
49
A HEALTHCARE WORKER IS ACCIDENTALLY PUNCTURED WITH A CONTAMINATED NEEDLE, THIS TYPE OF TRANSMISSION IS KNOWN AS?
FOMITE
50
WHAT IS DIRECT CONTACT?
contact with the infected person or animal with a disease.
(i.e. touching, contact of blood and or bodily fluids).
51
Direct contact allows an infectious organism to move?
From the infected person directly to the susceptible host
52
A common cold is an example of?
A virus
53
An outpatient develops a staphylococcal infection after a surgical procedure, this type of transmission is known as?
Nosocomial and FOMITE
54
An infectious microbe can gain entrance into the human body by?
BOTH Ingression and Penetration
55
HANSWASHING USES WHAT METHOD OF INFECTION CONTROL?
1.CHEMICAL AND 2. PHYSICAL
56
What are pathogens?
an infectious microorganism that cause disease.
57
What is idiopathic?
– a disease where the cause or origin is unknown.
58
What is Iatrogenic?
diseases that results from contact from a healthcare professional.
59
What are Aspetis?
is the freedom from infectious material
60
What is medical Aseptis?
reduction in the number of microorganisms. ( instead of completely eliminating the number of microbes, it is kept as low as possible. is frequent hand washing. i.e. Hand washing, and chemical disinfectants.
( SOAP & WATER)
61
The single most important component OF Medical aseptis is?
handwashing
62
What is surgical aseptis?
– Microorganisms have been completely removed or destroyed from the equipment and environment by means of a sterilization process.
63
More on SURGICAL ASEPTIS
– sterilization is applied before, during and after surgery to keep infection from happening. Microorganisms have been completely removed or destroyed from the equipment and environment by means of heat or chemical process, by means of sterilization.
64
Which of the aseptis technique is practiced and which is required?
Medical Aseptis is Practiced
Surgical Aseptis is required
65
What is sterilization? (Surgical)
the process of complete destruction or elimination of all microorganisms.
66
Methods of Sterilization (SURGICAL)
* Autoclaving (steam under pressure). Most convenient method.
* Gas Sterilization
* Chemical Sterilization (germicidal solutions)
* Dry heat (temperatures greater than 300 degrees)
* Ionizing radiation
* Microwaves/non-ionizing radiation.
67
MOST CONVENIENT METHOD OF STERILIZATION IS?
Autoclaving (steam under pressure). Most convenient method.
68
CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL METHODS OF ASEPTIS ARE
CHEMICAL:Disinfectants (chemicals) are used to kill the microorganisms.
Physical:Heat is commonly used to sterilize. (Autoclave)
Freezing may be used
UV light
69
Barrior Methods such as?
Healthcare workers may wear gloves, gowns, protective eyewear, face shields etc. that act as a barrier to prevent the spread of infection.
70
HANDWASHING main FACTS (MEDICAL ASEPTIS)
Single most important means of preventing infection.
Hand washing is a form of Medical Asepsis.
Radiographers should wash their hands before and after each patient.
71
METHODS OF MEDICAL ASEPTIS: IN ISOLATION
When x-raying a patient in isolation the radiographer must do the following:
1.Wash hands before entering the room and immediately after leaving the room
2.ALWAYS WEAR GLOVES, GOWN MASKS AS INDICATED ON THE ISOLATION NOTICE
3.Cover the cassette with a plastic sterile bag
4.* Dispose of all contaminated laundry in a plastic biohazard bag located directly outside the patient’s room.
72
The process of eliminating as many organisms as possible by the use of water and chemical disinfectants is called:
Medical asepsis
73
The process of eliminating all organisms from the environment by gas sterilization, use of germicides, or use of dry heat is called?
Surgical asepsis
74
What is usually used to perform medical asepsis?
d. Soap and water
75
After all radiographic or fluoroscopic procedures, the radiographer should use ________ to clean surfaces with which the patient was in contact.
Medical asepsis
76
When mobile radiography is performed, the mobile unit:
Must be cleaned before it is brought into surgical
areas or reverse isolation units and after its removal
from most isolation units
77
WHAT IS THE SEQUENCE FOR BARIAM ENEMA?
1.IVP
2.GB
3.BE
4.GI
78
CONTRAST RADIOGRAPHIC EXAMS THAT MAY BE PERFORMED TOGETHER
* GB and IVP
* IVP and BE
* GB and GI
1-2, 1-3, 2-4
79
What should be done if cramping occurs during a BE?
Cramping may occur as the enema solution is introduced.
* ]If cramping occurs as the patients should be told to inhale and exhale slowly and deeply, try to relax and the cramping should pass.
* The radiographer must work quickly to reduce the patient’s discomfort
80
Why is a Scout film done?
Empty bladder before scout film.
A scout film is done before any contrast materials are introduced into the body.
It is done to check to see if the patient is prepared for the exam, if there are artifacts present, and to check the radiographic technique to be used before contrast is introduced
81
A positive contrast agent administered to a patient in
the form of an inert salt is:
Barium sulfate
82
A positive contrast agent administered to the patient who is going to surgery is:
Aqueous iodine compound
83
POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE
POSITIVE IS BAS04 AND AQUEOS IODINE
84
What is a nasogastric tube?
NG tube IS inserted through the nose (nasopharynx) and down the esophagus into the stomach
85
What is the nasogastric tube used for?
Used to feed the patient or to conduct gastric suction (removal of flatus call gas) and FLUIDS and provide nutrients by feeding tube (AFTER INTESTINAL OBSTRUCTION OR MAJOR TRAUMA)
86
What type of care must be taken for a patient with a nasogastric tube?
Care must be taken by the radiographer not to pull on the NG (NOT DISLODGED) tube while moving patient or performing
the examination
87
NG TUBE MAY BE CONNECTED TO?
GASTRIC SUCTION DEVICE
88
NASOGASTRIC CARE
* Care must be taken to prevent accidental withdrawal of the tube after it has been inserted.
* Patients with NG tubes cannot eat or drink fluids.
89
Who inserts the NG TUBE?
Physicians and nurses are responsible for insertion and removal of NG tubes however the Radiographer must be able to assist in the procedure and should be comfortable performing radiographs on patients that have NG tubes in place.
90
SINGLE LUMEN ARE COMMONLY USED IN?
IV, urological and drainage catheters.(DRAIN FLUID FROM BODY)
Single Lumen - When a catheter has a single hole through the center of it, it is referred to as a single lumen. Single lumens are most commonly used in IV, urological and drainage catheters.
The single-lumen tubes are best for decompression, and the double-lumen sump tube is best for continuous lavage or irrigation of the stomach.
91
The single-lumen tubes are best foR?
The single-lumen tubes are best for decompression
92
The double lumen tube is best for?
double-lumen sump tube is best for continuous lavage or irrigation of the stomach.
93
MOST COMMAN NASOGASTRIC TUBE IS?
Levin tube – single-lumen type
Levin tubes have black markings on the surface which indicates
how far the tube has been inserted.
94
What is the NG TUBE USE TO INSERT?
NG tubes may be used to insert Barium or other contrast materials during radiographic procedures such as Upper GI examinations. (MOUTH ESOPHAGUS, STOMACH, DUEODENUM)
95
What position do you insert a NG TUBE?
HIGH FOWLERS POSITION
96
TYPES OF NG TUBES?
LEVIN- SINGLE LUMEN
Salem-sump tube – double lumen type
Cantor
Keofeed
Miller – Abbott
Sengstaken – Blakemore
97
The two most popular types of NG tubes are
the Levin and the Salem-sump tubes.
98
SALEM
IS A DOUBLE LUMEN TUBE
99
Needles and syringes must be disposed of:
UNCAPPED
100
A tube used to feed a patient or to perform gastric
suction is called a:
Nasogastric tube
101
Nosocomial infections are acquired:
In the health care setting
102
When radiography is performed on patients in isolation, the IR:
Must always be placed in a protective covering
103
An item that is used to feed the patient or to suction gastric contents is a:
Nasogastric tube
104
How can you check to see PLACEMENT OF the tip of the NG was correctly placed?
By taking an ABX (ABDOMINAL XRAY), OR USING FLUROSCOPY OR LISTENING TO THE ABDOMEN WITH A STHETOSCOPE (10-20ML AIR IS INSERTED) (WHOOSING SOUND)
a syringe to remove gastric contents as proof.
105
HOW DO YOU TOUCH NG PATIENTS?
WITH A CLEAN GLOVES
106
How can you withdraw the tube from the patient?
By putting a clean glove one and let patient take a deep breath as tube is gently withdrawn (WRAP IN A PAPER TOWEL AND DISCARD)
107
Why should portable xrays be labelled?
To include the position
108
BEDPANS
males-defecation
female-urination and defecation
BEDPANS
* Used for defecation and urination
* Hand washing is extremely important and should be performed both before and after assisting the patient with a bedpan.
* Respect patient privacy and comfort.
* Two designs- wide and narrow
109
2 types of bedpans
Standard bedpan – has wide sides that the patient’s buttocks rests on.
Fracture bedpan – the sides are very narrow so that the bedpan can more easily be slid under the patient.
110
types of enemas
Enema Types
* Tap water (hypotonic)
* Hypertonic (Fleet enema)
* Saline (safest used on infants)
* Oil retention
* Soapsuds solution
111
SALINE ENEMA
IS THE SAFEST USED IN INFANTS
112
What are cleansing enema?
is used to promote defecation and to prepare the large intestine for the introduction of Contrast Media.
If the patient follows the pre-procedural instructions most patients will arrive for the barium enema exam free of feces in the colon
113
What is Barium Enema?
Barium Enema - a radiographic study of the large intestine or lower gastrointestinal tract.
* Contrast media of BaSO4 is introduced through a large catheter (either a straight tip or Foley type).
114
What are Thoracostomy?
Tubes introduced into the pleural space under sterile conditions to remove air and/or fluid from the pleural space.
115
What is Suction of tracheostomy?
Suction of a Tracheostomy is necessary to remove secretions and is usually performed by the nurse however, the radiographer should be able to respond in an emergency and assist medical personnel.
116
Chest tubes are known as thoracostomy tube and some are used for?
drain intra pleural space and mediastinum
-get rid of air and fluid
-(CREATES NEGATIVE PRESSURE) TO REEXPAND COLLAPSE LUNG
117
ATELECTASIS
COLLAPSE LUNG
118
PHENUMOTHORAX
ACCUMULATION OF GAS OR AIR IN PLEURAL SPACE
AIR LEAKS FROM THE LUNG INTO THE PLEURAL SPACE CAUSING TOTAL COLLAPSE
119
HEMOTHORAX
BLOOD IN PLEURAL SPACE
120
PLEURAL EFFUSION
FLUID BUILD UP IN PLUERAL SPACE
121
EMPYEMA
PUS IN PLUERAL SPACE
122
OPEN HEART SURGURY
CHEST TUBES ARE USED TO DRAIN BLOOD
123
COMMON INSERTION SITES OF CHEST TUBES
Insertion sites for thoracostomy vary with the intrapleural substances to be removed.
Usually inserted in the fifth to sixth intercostal space
Lateral and midaxillary line
Can be as high as fourth intercostal space and as low as eighth
124
TECHNOLOGIST RESPONSIBILITIES with test tubes
TECHNOLOGIST RESPONSIBILITIES
* Images are performed to confirm chest tube position and chest status.
* Do not catch tubing on x-ray equipment.
. Bag attached to urinary catheters must always be kept below the level of the bladder
4. Allowing urine to flow retrograde into the urethra and bladder can cause urinary tract infections
a. Urinary tract infections are the number one cause
of nosocomial infections (infections acquired in
the hospital)
* Exterior assembly of the chest tubes must always remain lower than the patient’s chest.
* Caution is necessary when moving and positioning.
* Report drainage in excess of 100 mL/hr and any change from a serous fluid to a darker red color.
125
What are Catheters?
A tube for injecting or removing fluids
126
What are the types of catheters?
1. Urinary Catheters
A.. indwelling
indwelling is divided into 2 types
- Foley (retention ballon)
- Straight (intermittent)
127
What is Urinary Catheterization?
A flexible, hallow tube (catheter) is passed through the urethra into the bladder.
128
Urinary catheters are used for?
Catheters are used for urinary drainage, or to introduce fluids into the bladder.
129
2 main types of Cathethers are?
Foley and Straight
130
What are indwelling catheter?
catheter that remains in place
131
What is A Foley-catheter?
A catheter that remains in the bladder by a balloon inflated with air or water
132
What is a straight catheter?
a straight catheter does not contain a balloon for inflation.
133
Indwelling catheter placement
Tip of the catheter in the urinary bladder cavity
Catheter tubing taped to the inside of the leg
End of tube attached to a calibrated drainage bag
134
How must the drainage bag be kept when using a dwelling catheter?
Drainage bag must be always kept lower than the patient’s bladder to prevent retrograde flow into the bladder.- (reflux of urine back into the bladder)
135
Urinary system is primary site of?
nosocomial infections
136
What are the purposes of Foley Catheters?
Empty the bladder
Bypass obstruction
Relieve the retention of urine
Irrigate the bladder and introduce drugs
Allow accurate measuring of urine output.
Relieve incontinence
137
When the Radiographer empties the urine collection bag, what must we do with the output?
If the radiographer empties the urine collection bag, then output must be measured and recorded, unless otherwise noted.
138
What are Voiding Cystourethrogram (vcug)
It is a radiographic procedure used to visualize the bladder, and ureather before during and after voiding. (CONTRAST MEDIA ARE INTRODUCED BY A CATHETRER)
139
A VCUG reveals?
A VCUG reveals an abnormality of the bladder that causes a reflux of urine back towards the kidneys.
140
INTRAVENOUS AND INTRA-ARTERIAL LINES (WHAT ARE THEY?)
Sterile procedure is required when any line is to be inserted into vessels.
These lines are called:
Central Venous Lines
Arterial Lines
141
What are Central venous Lines? (VENOUS ACESS DEVICE)
CVs are open lines inserted into a large vein for the purpose of allowing easy access to the circulatory system on a continuing basis
142
When are CENTRAL VENOUS LINES USED?
1. Administration of chemotherapy drugs
2. Provide parenteral nutrition
3. Administer long term drugs
4. Manage fluid volume
5. Drawing of blood and blood transfusions
5.Monitor cardiac pressure
143
Central Venous Lines – are lines inserted into veins to introduce
are lines inserted into veins to introduce fluids, medications, chemotherapy and measure central venous pressure.
144
How must the radiopgraher be careful with cv lines?
The radiographer must be careful that CV lines do not become displaced during radiographic procedures.
145
Common types of Central Venous Lines (catheters)
Swan Ganz
Intracath
Hickman
Broviac
Arrow-Howes triple lumen
PIC (peripheral inserted)
146
Now what are Arterial Lines?
are typically used for removing or drawing blood and allowing a constant measurement of blood pressure.
147
2 types of Arterial Lines are?
Radial Arterial Line
Femoral Arterial Line
148
What can we do to check the placement of iNTRAVENOUS AND ARTERIAL LINES?
the placement of Central Venous Lines and Arterial Lines. CXR, portable CXR and fluoroscopy may be taken to check
149
What position are patients placed in when lines are placed?
Patients are placed in the Trendelenburg position when lines are placed.
Trendelenburg Position – patient position in which the patient lies supine and the head is 30 to 40 degrees lower than the feet.
150
What is Surgical Scrubbing?
The purposes of the surgical hand scrub are
(1) to remove debris and transient microorganisms from the hands, nails, and forearms;
(2) to reduce the resident microbial count to a minimum; and
(3) to inhibit rapid rebound growth of microorganisms.
151
A surgical scrub anteseptic solution are?
* Currently, a surgical scrub with 2% chlorhexidine gluconate or 7.5% povidone-iodine is performed before each procedure
152
hand scrubbing is?
The thorough cleaning of the hands and forearms before sterile gloves are put on.
153
Two types of Surgical Scrubs
* Numbered stroke method scrub
* Timed scrub - a minimum of 5 minutes 2 and a hald min spent on each hand
154
WE use liquid or foam soaps for surgical scrubbing such as?
1. Liquid or foam soaps. These are the most common products for surgical scrubs and are used in conjunction with water and dry scrub brushes or sponges. The most common antimicrobial agents in these products are CHG (chlorhexidine gluconate), iodophor, or PCMX (parachlorometaxylenol). These agents are very drying and with repeated scrubbing with the scrub brush can cause skin damage.
155
Types of brushes/sponge used with?
2. Impregnated scrub brushes/sponges. Scrub brushes/sponges are preloaded with CHG, iodophor, or PCMX and are water-aided products.
156
Sterile Techniques
Only sterile items are used in sterile fields.
If in doubt about sterility of an object, consider it unsterile.
An unsterile object should be removed, covered or replaced.
As sterile field must be continually monitored to be considered sterile.
Create sterile fields as close to the time of use as possible.
Sterile persons should avoid unsterile areas.
157
Parts that are sterile?
The front of the gown, the sleeves and anything above the waist up. The back of the gown and the area below the waist are considered unsterile.
158
Parts that are unsterile?
The back of the gown and the area below the waist are considered unsterile.
below the level of the table or the level of the waist, the undersurface of the drape, is considered unsterile. Any item below this level is considered contaminated.
159
What parts of the glove should be considered unsterile?
Sterile gloves must be kept in sight and above waist level.
-UNSTERILE IS INSIDE OF THE CUFF
160
STERILE ITEMS MUST BE KEPT DRY?
Sterile materials must be kept dry. Moisture permits contamination. Packages that become wet must be re-sterilized or discarded
161
Surgical Medical Imaging Team
* Chief Surgeon
* Assisting Surgeon
* Anesthesiologist or CRNA
* OR Nurse—Circulating
* Support OR staff
162
Non-aseptic technique
* Radiographic procedures that require medical asepsis to be followed but not surgical asepsis.
* Requires special nonsterile procedures
* Typically involves tubes and lines into the digestive tract
* Body wastes
* Enemas
* Enemas for contrast examination
163
Hands should be washed:
Before and after contact with each patient and before touching equipment
164
After a radiographer is gowned and gloved for a pro-
cedure, hands may not be placed:
Under the arms or on the sides or back of the gown
165
The most frequently performed examination using a contrast medium is a(n):
d. Chest x-ray study
166
Which of the following is a legitimate contraindica- tion to the use of iodinated contrast media?
. Previous sensitivity to contrast agents
167
When sterile fields are prepared, damp packages:
Are always considered contaminated
168
A positive contrast agent administered to the patient who is going to surgery is:
Aqueous iodine compound
169
A negative contrast agent used in chest radiography
and some arthrography is:
AIR
170
An item that must never be placed above the level of the bladder is a:
Urinary catheter
171
Barium sulfate should be mixed with water at what temperature for a barium enema?
100-105
172
If you suspect an object is contaminated, assume:
a. That it is contaminated
173
174
Which of the following is used to administer nutrition or long-term chemotherapy? a. Urinary catheter
b. Chest tube
c. Ventilator
d. Venous catheter
d. Venous catheter
175
A venous catheter:
Is a combination unit with a needle inside a flexible plastic catheter; both the needle and the cath- eter are inserted into the vein, after which the needle is withdrawn
176
The radiographer must be proficient in the use of which of the following medical instruments?
a. Angiography catheter
177
The patient should be placed in the Sim’s position
when the enema tip is inserted.
178
INSERT NG TUBE
FOWLER
179
MAKE URINAL POSITION
MAY BE FOWLER AS WELL
180
Patients are placed in what position when lines such as central venous and arterial are placed?
Trendelenburg position when lines are placed.
(supine, head is 30-40 degrees lower than feet)
181
An iR IS USED FOR MULTIPLE PATIENTS, WITHOUT BEING CLEANED, ONE OF THE PATIENT DEVELOPED A SKIN INFECTION, WHAT TERM MAY BE APPLIED TO THE IR?
A FOMITE ( OBJECTS THAT HAS BEEN IN CONTACT WITH PATHOGENIC ORGANISMS)
182
When putting on gloves for a procedure, which of the
following should occur first?
a. Carefully open glove package, and avoid touching
outside of gloves
b. Wash hands
c. Place glove package in center of sterile field in
preparation for the procedure
d. Put on one glove immediately so that one hand is
b. Wash hands
183
A radiographer who is assisting with a sterile procedure but is not gloved and gowned:
May not have contact with the sterile field or any-
one who is scrubbed in
184
3. Which of the following does not require the use of gloves?
1. Airborne 2. Droplet 3. Contact
a. 1 only b. 2 only c.1,2 d. 1, 3
AIRBORNE
185
Streptococci and bacilli are classified as what type of microorganisms?
a. Viruses
b. Bacteria
c. Fungi
d. Molds
bacteria
186
