Quiz 2-Ruminants Systemic

Question 1

Apthovirus from the Picornaviridae family

Whats the name of this virus?

Answer 1

FMD

Question 2

Who is refractory to FMD?

Answer 2

Horses

Question 3

What is the morbidity/mortality for FMD?

Answer 3

High morbidity

Low mortatlity

Question 4

Is FMD zoonotic?

Answer 4

Not recognized as zoonotic but can infect humans

Question 5

What is the important to remember about FMD economically?

Answer 5

NOTIFIABLE

Trade barrier, and heavy monetary losses.

Question 6

FMD also stands for what?

Answer 6

Fast moving disease

Question 7

What is the virus name for FMD?

Answer 7

Aphtovirus

Picoviridae

Question 8

How does FMD replicate?

Answer 8

cytoplasm, exits by lysis

Question 9

Who does FMD effect?

Answer 9

Ruminants and swine

Question 10

This disease has 7 serotypes

Answer 10

FMD

Question 11

Are there Vacc for FMD?

Answer 11

Yes-BUT not always efficient bc of the antigenic drift and the amount of serotypes

Question 12

What would happen if you introduced FMD into a niave population?

Answer 12

Shedding starts BEFORE c/s so you wouldn’t know.

Stable in the environment-naked

Highly infectious

Question 13

What are your CS for FMD

Answer 13

Fever-can cause abortion from fever

Drop in milk production

Drooling

**Vesicles in tongue, gums, interdigital space, coronary bands, teats

After vescle rupture, ulcerative lesions–secondary infections

Question 14

You have a pig that is lame, what dz can you suspect?

Answer 14

FMD-painful for them to stand

Question 15

What is the main route of infect for FMD?

what are the other ways?

Answer 15

Inhalation of droplets

but also infection from food, contaminated vacc/semen and fomites

Question 16

What is important to remember about the pathogenesis of FMD

Answer 16

Replicates in the pharynx

Followed by viremia which at this point EXCRETION OF VIRUS 24 BEFORE ONSET OF C/S

Question 17

In what animals is FMD persistant in, and how long?

Answer 17

Cattle-2yrs
Sheep 6 mo

NOT in pigs

Question 18

What are you DDx for FMD?

Answer 18

Vesicular stomatitis
Swine vesicular dz
Vesicular exanthema of swine

Question 19

How do you diagnose FMD?

Answer 19

Ag enzyme immunoassay

Question 20

Control for FMD

Answer 20

Vacc in endemic areas

Cull positive or if not culling, the animals has a long recovery

Question 21

What parts of the world do you have FMD?

Answer 21

WW except US and Europe

Question 22

What dz is pestivirus from Flaviviridae

Answer 22

BVD

Question 23

Where do you find BVD?

Answer 23

WW

very important in dairy and beef cattle

Question 24

Whats the morb/mort in BVD?

Answer 24

High morb and mort

Question 25

What disease? Younger animals after maternal ab decline. pankleukopenia. Other animals diarrhea, nasal and ocular discharge some erosive stomatitis drop in milk yield in dairy cows can cause secondary infections

Answer 25

BVD postnatal infection of non pregnant cattle

Question 26

What dz? Transplacental spread. The outcome depends on the virus stain and the age of the fetus (the immunologic maturity)

Answer 26

BVD of pregnant cows

Question 27

When will calves get the PI and MD of BVD?

Answer 27

Superinfection with a homologous BVDV Mutation of the ncp to cytopathic cp variant Vacc with MLV BVD strain homologous to the ncp PI virus they can develop MD

Question 28

At what age do cattle get the MD of PI in BVD?

Answer 28

6-18 mo old

Question 29

What dz? Biphasic fever, anorexia, tachycardia, polypnea, decreased milk production, watery diarrhea Feces may have blood and foul odor Erosions and ulcers on tongue, palate, gingival. Or interdigital regions, coronary bands, teats, vulva and prepuce. Other signs might be: nasal-ocular discharge, corneal opacity, hypersalivation, decreased rumination and blat

Answer 29

Acute mucosal dz of BVD

Question 30

What dz? cattle may have intermittent diarrhea, chronic bloat, decreased appetite and weight loss Nasal-ocular discharge

Answer 30

Chronic mucosal dz of BVD

Question 31

Can cattle survive the MD of BVD?

Answer 31

Rarely

Question 32

What are the 2 biotypes of BVD

Answer 32

cytopathic, and noncytopathogenic

Question 33

Where does BVD primarily replicate?

Answer 33

Tonsils, nasal mucosa. then to LN, spleen, thymus. With the high virulence it can go to the T cell dependent areas and BM

Question 34

Which form of BVD is there a persistant viremia? Why is it persistant? How does it spread?

Answer 34

noncytopathogenic It can inhibit interferon 1 Transplacental and intrauterine

Question 35

What kind of samples can you take to diagnose BVD?

Answer 35

feces nasal discharge blood tissue collected from necropsy or aborted fetuses

Question 36

How do you diagnose BVD?

Answer 36

You can have a presumptive dx based on clincal history, reproduction records, c/s, gross and microscopic lesions Viral Ag detection RT-PCR

Question 37

What do you need to consider when diagnosing BVD with immunotolerant state of some animals?

Answer 37

The interpretation of seronegative results

Question 38

Control of BVDV?

Answer 38

detect PI animals and cull

Question 39

Do we have vacc for BVDV?

Answer 39

Yes. Attenuated is used mostly. | These can cause PI to develop the MD

Question 40

Deltaretrovirus from Retroviridae is what?

Answer 40

Bovine Infectious Leukosis

Question 41

Who does Bovine Infectious Leukosis infect?

Answer 41

Cows, sheep and goats. Causes lymphosarcoma in sheep

Question 42

Asymptomatic 30% will develop persistent lymphocytosis with no c/s __-__ yr of age will develop lymphoid tumors Lymphosarcomas present on LN, abomasum, heart, spleen, kidneys, uterus, spinal meninges, and brain but where will you not find malignant cells?

Answer 42

Bovine Infectious Leukosis 4-8 wont find malignant cells in the BLOOD

Question 43

What lymphocyte is mostly affected in Bovine Leukosis

Answer 43

B cells

Question 44

Dx of Bovine Infectious Leukosis?

Answer 44

Ab ELISA

Question 45

How is Bovine infectious leukosis spread?

Answer 45

Horizontal transmission requires close prolonged contact. Iatrogenic Transplacental?

Question 46

Control of Bovine Infectious leukosis

Answer 46

Test and removal programs in US and Canada

Question 47

Herpesviridae, acelaphine herpesvirus __??

Answer 47

Malignant catarrhal fever herpesvirus 1

Question 48

What is the genus and family for Malignant catarrhal fever

Answer 48

herpesviridae, acelaphine herpesvirus 1

Question 49

What dz do you see infection in Africa and in zoos from subclinical wildebeest? esp during calving times

Answer 49

Malignant Catarrhal fever

Question 50

What dz can you see outside Africa, in close contact with sheep at lambing?

Answer 50

Malignant catarrhal fever

Question 51

What dz can you see in feedlot cattle in US with no conatct with sheep with minor epidemics

Answer 51

Malignant like catarrhal fever

Question 52

Bilateral ophtalmia Generalized lymphadenopathy Extensive mucosal erosions Diarrhea and CNS signs

Answer 52

Malignant Catarrhal fever

Question 53

Dx of Malignant catarrhal fever?

Answer 53

History and C/S

Question 54

Dx of Malignant catarrhal fever?

Answer 54

History and C/S Confirmed by virus isolation in calf thryoid cells

Question 55

How can you control Malignant catarrhal fever?

Answer 55

Cattle are dead end with transmission being ineffective

Question 56

What is the family genus name for BVD

Answer 56

Pestivirus Flaviviridae

Question 57

What is the family genus name for FMD?

Answer 57

Picornaviridae Apthovirus