Quiz 2 (week 3 slides) Flashcards
(30 cards)
1
Q
what are the 4 keys physiological processes
A
- mechanical absorption
- chemical asphyxia
- sensory
- thermal
2
Q
what does the APGAR score assess
A
- tool to assess infants response to birth
- done at 1 and 5 minutes
- done at 10 minutes if score was less than 7 before
3
Q
what does APGAR stand for
A
- A: Appearance
- P: pulse/heart rate
- G: grimace (reflex irritability, withdrawl)
- A: activity levels
- R: Respiratory efforts (good cry)
4
Q
weighing a newborn
A
- less than 10% or more than 90% - more investigation
- loose 10% of birth weight in 3-4 days due to loss of meconium, fluids, intake
5
Q
weight loss calculation formula
A
- birth weight-current weight/birth weight x 100%
6
Q
what does Ballard assessment cover
A
- neuromuscular maturity and physical maturity
7
Q
gestational ages
A
- preterm: less than 37 weeks
- term: 39-41 weeks
- past term: over 41 weeks
8
Q
lanugo
A
- peach fuzz on skin that gets absorbed and pooped out in meconium
9
Q
newborn rash
A
- goes away but ensure clothes are washed many times and dont use stuff to irritate their skin
10
Q
milia
A
- little dots around the eye/nose - don’t need intervention unless they persist
11
Q
vernix
A
- white film on the baby
12
Q
sucking blister
A
- on the top lip
- rounded
13
Q
strawberry hemangioma
A
- eyelids red
14
Q
dermal melanocytosis
A
- on dorsal side or buttocks
- more common in asain, hispanic, african babies
- looks like bruises/will go away
15
Q
nevus flammeous (port wine stain)
A
- skin condition below epidermis
- on face
- red-purple birth marks
capillary angioma - non-elevated
16
Q
nevus vasculosus (strawberry mark)
A
- enlarged capillaries in dermal and sub-dermal regions
- capillary hemangioma
- raised and delineated
- dark red
- on head and other body parts
17
Q
anterior and posterior fontanel variances
A
- posterior fuses at 3 months
- anterior fuses at 10-16 months
- variances: bulging = increased intracranial pressures and sunken = dehydration
18
Q
caput
A
- spongy blister like
- happens when baby exits birthing canal
- crosses suture line
disappears in a day
19
Q
cephalhematoma
A
- does not cross suture line
- present day after birth
- associated with physiological jaundice
- takes weeks to disapear
20
Q
what affects thermoregulation
A
- heat transfer from organs to skin due to decreased fat
- metabolize brown fat (dont shiver)
- veins closer to surface
21
Q
conduction (heat loss)
A
- body surface is toughing a cooler surface (arrows point to the surface baby is on)
22
Q
convection heat loss
A
- heat loss due to surrounding air (air draft)
- arrows point towards baby
23
Q
evaporation heat loss
A
- moisture on baby when exposed to air - arrows leave baby (pointed up)
24
Q
radiation (heat loss)
A
- body heat transferred to cooler surfaces (arrows leave body)
25
what does cold stress look like?
- respiratory distress
- pale, cool skin, restless
- can lead to: hypoglycemia, metabolic acidosis, jaundice
26
physiological jaundice
- starts after 24 hours, elevated serum bili
- easily treated
27
pathological jaundice
- elevated bili during the first 24 hours
- hemolytic disease, sepsis liver disease, asphyxia
- bili encephalopathy
- kernicterus
28
early signs of sepsis
- apnea, tachypnea
- bradycradia or tachypnea, hypotension
- low feeding
- pallor, jaundice, petechiae
- temp instability, irritable
29
care for sepsis
- hygeine, thermoregukated environment, nutrition, antibiotics
30
what is vitamin K used for
- coagulation (forming blood clots)
