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Cytology > quiz > Flashcards

quiz Flashcards

1
Q

what are the 6 signs of life

A 
metabolism
responsiveness
movement
growth
differentiation
reproduction
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2
Q

give 2 examples of physiological variables in the body which need to be kept within tight limits

A 
core temp
water/electrolyte balance
ph body fluids - acid/alkaline balance
blood glucose levels
blood & tissue 02/c02 levels
blood pressure
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3
Q

give ex of something regulated by a positive feedback mechanism

A

blood clotting
milk production
uterine contractions

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4
Q

name the 4 body cavities

A

cranial
thoracic
abdominal
pelvic

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5
Q

which body cavity would you find the urethra in

A

pelvis

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6
Q

which body cavity would you find the bronchi in

A

thoracic

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7
Q

which body cavity would you find the pancreas in

A

abdominal

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8
Q

what do we call the family of cell stat don’t have a nucleus

A

prokaryoyae

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9
Q

what do we call the basic watery fluid inside cells

A

cytosol

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10
Q

describe the structure of a plasma membrane

A

phospholipid bi layer

protein markers

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11
Q

what do plant cells have that humans do not

A

cell wall

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12
Q

which human cell doesn’t have a nucleus

A

red blood cell

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13
Q

how many pairs of chromosomes would you find in a human cell

A

23

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14
Q

what is the job of the mitochondria

A

energy production

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15
Q

what is the difference between rough and smooth endoplasmic reticulum

A

rough ER has ribosomes embedded in the surface

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16
Q

what to lysosomes contain

A

digestive enzymes

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17
Q

which cell organelle forms cilia and flagella

A

microtubules

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18
Q

what are the names of the two methods of cell division?

A

mitosis

meiosis

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19
Q

which type of cell stops being able to do mitosis once we are adults

A

nerve cell

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20
Q

how many chromosomes in a diploid cell

A

46

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21
Q

which form of cell division produces 2 identical daughter cells?

A

Mitosis

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22
Q

Which form of cell division is used to make gametes?

A

Meiosis

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23
Q

What is mutation?

A

change in the genetic code

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24
Q

What are the two steps of protein synthesis called

A

transcription

translation

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25
Q

Which form of transport across cell membranes requires ATP?

A

Active transport

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26
Q

What is osmosis

A

movement of water down it’s concentrated gradient

27
Q

what is the difference between diffusion and facilitated diffusion?

A

In facilitated diffusion the substance must pass through protein channels to get into the cell.

28
Q

give main functions of plasma membrane

A

border to cytoplasm
transport of substances
provides cell identity

29
Q

main function of nucleus

A

contains genetic info

30
Q

main function of ribosomes

A

synthesise proteins

31
Q

main function of mitochondria

A

produce energy (ATP) with Oxygen

32
Q

Number of daughter cells formed mitosis?

A

2 daughter cells

33
Q

number of daughter cells formed meiosis?

A

4 daughter cells

34
Q

number of chromosomes in daughter cell meiosis

A

23

35
Q

number of chromosomes in daughter cell mitosis

A

46

36
Q

recombination of genes mitosis?

A

no

37
Q

recombination of genes meiosis?

A

yes

38
Q

Which types of cell formed mitosis

A

somatic

39
Q

which type of cell formed meiosis?

A

gametes

40
Q

describe structure of plasma membrane and explain 2 main functions

A

phospholipid bilayer with membrane proteins
contains cell contents and controls cellular traffic
membrane proteins play a role in transport/immunological identity/act as receptors

41
Q

Process of Mitosis involves 2 divisions True/False

A

F

42
Q

After Mitosis each new cell is diploid True/false

A

T

43
Q

Meiosis creates 4 new identical body cells True/false

A

F

44
Q

At the end of Meiosis the cells contain 23 chromosomes True/false

A

T

45
Q

Mitosis results in a recombination of genes true/false

A

F

46
Q

one function of Lysosomes

A

Digests waste products

47
Q

one function of Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

A

Synthesises lipids

48
Q

one function of Ribosomes

A

one function of golgi apparatus

49
Q

One role of plasma membrane protein

A

assists in transport
immunological identity
act as receptors

50
Q

3 key parts of feedback loop/control system

A

detectors
control centre
effectors

51
Q

output reverses input - which feedback mechanism?

A

negative

52
Q

output reinforces input - which feedback mechanism/

A

posistive

53
Q

7 layers of bodily organisation (+ life force)

A 
atoms/molecules
cells
tissues
organs
systens
organism
54
Q

what separates the thoracic and abdominal cavity

A

diaphragm

55
Q

What is the function of the cell wall in plants?

A

controls turgidity

56
Q

Where is the DNA/RNA in prokaryotic cells?

A

dispersed throughout cytoplasm

57
Q

What membrane-bound organelles do prokaryotic cells have

A

none except ribosomes

58
Q

can prokaryotic cells be multi cellular?

A

No ALWAYS single-celled.

59
Q

what is the term for single celled organisms?

A

Unicellular organisms

60
Q

What are the 2 different layers of phospholipids in the bi-layer (cell membrane) known as/

A

hydrophobic

hydrophyllic

61
Q

what are the proteins in the bi-layer known as

A

trans-membrane proteins

62
Q

3 jobs trans-membrane proteins

A

immunological identity
receptors for hormones etc
transport proteins

63
Q

what is at the centre of the nucleus?

A

Nucleolus

spherical cluster DNA RNA

Cytology (7 decks)

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