Quiz 3

Question 1

difference between MRI & MRA

Answer 1

MRI= cannot give info on blood vessels (will look at brain structures)

MRA= will show blood vessels (will show active occlusion, LVO= large vessel occlusion, aneurysms, narrowing, AV malformation, etc)
Can do brain or neck MRA

Question 2

LVO

Answer 2

large vessel occlusion

Question 3

mammography

Answer 3

x ray
only way to detect microcalcifications
BIRADS is how we read report & tissue density

Question 4

BIRADS

Answer 4

mammography report standard across radiology everywhere

Will always get score,
pt info, imaging findings, breast tissue density, f/u recommendations, summary, clinical correlation

stage 0-6
0= incomplete
1= neg
2= benign, non cancerous
3= prob benign, short term f/u
4= suspicious consider biopsy
5= highly suggestive malignancy, always biopsy
6= already know they have breast cancer, biopsy proven

Question 5

PAP smear

Answer 5

brushing of cervix that removes cells
adequacy of sample needed (which is why done FIRST w/ exam)
looking for:
adequacy of sample, squamous cell abnorm, glandular abnorm, HPV, ASC-US, ASC-H, LSIL, HSIL

Question 6

colposcopy

Answer 6

next step after abnormal pap
magnifying device, non-invasive, done bedside

looks at cervix, vagina, vulva

Question 7

bethesda

Answer 7

report of PAP smear, standard across radiology

*know these:
NILM= neg for intraepithelial lesion/malign.
ASC-US= atypical squamous cell of undetermined significance
ASC-H= atypical squamous cells cannot exclude high grade
LSIL= low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion
HSIL= high grade squamous intraepithelial lesion
AGC= precancerous
AIS (cancer in situ, hasn’t spread)
invasive carcinoma= cancer that metastasized

Question 8

DEXA scan

Answer 8

x ray to look at bone density
osteoporosis, fx

Question 9

anemia

Answer 9

microcytic or macrocytic

Question 10

test for iron deficiency anemia

Answer 10

*iron panel=iron level, TIBC, transferrin saturation

ferritin (separate lab that’s needed)

Question 11

anemia s/s

Answer 11

faigue sx

Question 12

CBC w/ diff

Answer 12

differential levels will always= 100% if something is high something else will be low

left shift/bandemia= elevated neutrophils (immature WBC), means infection

Question 13

C&S interpretation

Answer 13

culture of medium to see if bacteria will grow, ID bacteria, introduce ABX to see what it’s susceptible to

ex
MIC level (minimum inhibitor concentration= min amount ABX that took to grow abx)
interpretation: S= sensitive (abx will work)
R= resistant
I= indeterminant (not best choice)

Question 14

fetal biophysical profile

Answer 14

antepartum after 32 weeks
ultrasound looks at fetal movements, tone, breathing, amniotic fluid volume

Question 15

fetal stress test

Answer 15

active labor, looking for decelerations during contraction

Question 16

metabolic screening in newborn

Answer 16

varies by state
every state= PKU testing
heel stick for bloodwork
hearing screen, pulse ox

Question 17

HCG

Answer 17

hormone produced in pregnancy
> 25 = positive
5-25= indeterminate
sensitive down to level of 5

can be secreted w/ diff types cancer & pituitary

Question 18

quantitative HCG level vs qualitative

Answer 18

track level if concerned about something in pregnancy, make sure level increasing

qualitative will show positive or neg

Question 19

EEG

Answer 19

electrodes to measure electroactivity in brain

Question 20

lumbar puncture

Answer 20

CSF sample, look at pressure
meningitis, guillan barre, MS cancer,

Question 21

carotid artery duplex

Answer 21

ultrasound
gives range not a specific about how occluded it is

asymptomatic > 70% stenosis= need surgical follow up
symptomatic > 50%= need surgical f/u

Question 22

STD testing (gon/chl)

Answer 22

pelvic swab
urethral swab for men
urine test
pharyngeal swab
rectal swab

Question 23

myelogram

Answer 23

CT scan to looks at muscle function, innervation of muscle (alternative to MRI)

Question 24

atraumatic low back pain w/o risk factors for disease

Answer 24

no diagnostic
sometimes no testing is better

Question 25

workup for dementia

Answer 25

r/o metabolic & infectious causes first: cmp, ua, cbc, ammonia, thyroid, b12 folate, syphilis/RPR

Question 26

diagnostic for epilepsy

Answer 26

EEG

Question 27

know what’s included in brain, cervical, lumbar spine MRI

Answer 27

brain= lobes, ventricles, corpus callosum

lumbar spine= vertebrae, spinal cord, nerve roots, discs, foramen

cervical spine= vertebrae, spinal cord, nerve roots, discs, foramen

Question 28

toxicology

Answer 28

illicit substances
amt of med/drug in system (apap, antiepileptics)

Question 29

most common sx herpes zoster

Answer 29

painful rash along unilateral
(usually), linear, dermatome

Question 30

MIC level on C&S

Answer 30

MIC level (minimum inhibitor concentration= min amount ABX that took to grow abx)

Question 31

anemia workup (fatigue, pallor, SOB)

Answer 31

cbc
iron studies
ferretin
b12
tsh