Quiz 3 Flashcards
(123 cards)
1
Q
Define nuclear medicine
A
type of medical imaging that uses radioactive isotopes, cameras and computers to view the body
2
Q
how are nuclear medicine images produced?
A
through the detection of energy emitted from radioactive substances given to the patient
3
Q
different radioactive isotopes are absorbed differently by various parts of the body, what does this allow?
A
doctors to isolate specific organs and body functions
4
Q
Nuclear medicine tests allow?
A
doctors to look at the physiological function for the body -including blood flow and organ function
5
Q
radioactive material may be given what ways?
A
- injection
- orally
- inhalation in form of gas
6
Q
the type of radioactive material given is determined by the organ the doctor wants to see. T/F
A
true
7
Q
after the NM has been given and enough time has passed pictures are taken of what?
A
gamma rays emitted by the radioactive material by a machine
8
Q
the picture produced in NM is called?
A
scan or image
9
Q
what instrument does NM use to take scans/images?
A
gamma camera
10
Q
radioactive material is given how much time prior to the procedure?
A
1/2 hour to 2 hours
11
Q
nuclear medicine would phone your floor to let your nurse know what time the apt is and best time to give the medicine. T/F
A
true
12
Q
a patient may be asked to return to the nuclear medicine department, how many hours after the initial test has been done do they need to go back?
A
1-2 hours
13
Q
why does the patient go back to the nuclear medicine department after the initial test?
A
to have more scans done as a concentration of the radioactive changes
14
Q
is the weight of the patient usually required to determine the amount of radioactive material is to be given?
A
yes
15
Q
why is the weight of the patient given to NM department?
A
to determine how much radioactive material to give
16
Q
what are the 5 different types of radioactive isotopes?
A
- Gallium
- Thallium
- Technetium 99cm (Tc-99m)
- Radioactive Iodine
- Strontium
17
Q
why is a gallium scan done?
A
to diagnose inflammation, disease or tutors in the body
18
Q
why is a PET scan done?
A
to visualize biochemical changes taking place in the body/diagnose conditions such as cancer
19
Q
why is a bone scan done?
A
to detect any abnormalities - eg. tumors in the bone
20
Q
why is a MUGA scan done?
A
check how well the heart is pumping
21
Q
why is a MIBG scan done?
A
diagnose certain types of cancer
22
Q
different isotopes are used depending no the type of test and tissue or organ being studied. T/F
A
true
23
Q
what is a radioisotope?
A
unstable isotope that decays to a stable state by emitting or giving off characteristic radiation
24
Q
what are the 5 common nuclear medicine tests?
A
- bone scan
- gallium scan
- MUGA scan
- MIBG scan
- PET scan
25
NM hours of operation?
Monday - Friday 8-4
26
NUA duties for processing a nuclear medicine order
1. Enter into computer
2. Kardex under procedues - indicate date and time
3. symbolize EC and K
27
NUA duties upon receiving confirmation of the booked nuclear medicine appointment
1. nuclear medicine books their own porters
2. inform RN of apt time and date
3. write apt date and time on kardex and pt. prep
28
NUA duties on the day of NM procedure
1. NM will call and say they are ready for pt.
2. inform RN that NM is ready for pt
3. grab patient chart and place on your desk
29
define the cardiology department
diagnostic department that performs procedures on the heart that measure electrical activity at rest and when the patient places stress on the heart by exercising
30
what are the 5 tests that the cardiology department performs?
1. electrocardiogram (ECG)
2. Holter and telemetry monitoring
3. echocardiogram (Echo)
4. phonocardiogram
5. cardiac stress test
31
what is a ECG test?
lab tech places electrodes, with paste onto patient legs, arms, and chest while the ECG is recorded
32
what is a holter monitor test?
3 electrodes are connected to the chest and attached to an ambulatory monitor. patient keeps it on to record activity
33
what is a echo test?
transducer is moved over the heart area (ultrasound)
34
what is a stress test?
patient is connected to an ECG monitor and asked to walk/run while their heart is being monitored
35
what is a phonocardiogram test?
patient lies on table - microphone is placed on their chest and records the sounds
36
NUA duties for cardiology tests
1. enter into computer
2. kardex under procedures
3. symbolize EC and K
37
who reads cardiology tests?
cardiologist
38
do we need to phone the cardiology department after entering the order?
no
39
where do we kardex the cardiology tests after we've entered them?
under procedures
40
name 3 different x-rays that require contrast medium?
1. barium meal
2. upper GI
3. S&D SBFT
41
what are 4 different types of arteriograms that can be performed?
1. renal
2. cerebral
3. femoral
4. carotoid
42
where are angiography's performed?
KGH
43
what does barium enema look at?
large intestine
44
what does a myelogram look at?
spinal cord
45
define supine view
patient lies on their back
46
define the anterior posterior view
machine is placed in front of the patient while they are standing or lying supine
47
who is in change of the radiology department?
radiologist
48
where is an echocardiogram performed?
cardiology department
49
on the day of an cardiology test what are the 4 steps we need to take?
1. imaging will send porter
2. inform RN
3. give porter patient chart
4. inform RN when patient returns
50
define lateral view
side view of patient
51
define decubitus view
patient lies on their side and x-ray beam is pointed horizontally
52
what does a t-tube cholangiogram look at?
size and pantency of biliary ducts
53
why is an upper GI study done?
to helo diagnose tumors, varices and lesions to the upper GI tract
54
what does the nurse need to do with a patient before their EEG is performed (on the same day as procedure)
wash and dry their hair before going
55
what does a cardiac catherization look at?
heart and coronary arteries
56
define venogram
exam of veins after injected with contrast medium
57
define EMG department (electromyogram)
performs tests to diagnose and evaluate neurological disorders
58
EMG's are performed by?
neurologist
59
are EMG's done at VJH?
no, at KGH
60
NUA duties for processing EMG orders?
1. phone KGH to make appointment - fax them pt. info
2. kardex
3. symbolize
61
NUA duties for EMG when KGH has an appt conformation
1. book transport online
2. inform RN of date and time of appt
3. photocopy pt. info for their transfer package
62
NUA duties on day of EMG test
1. inform RN when PTO arrives
| 2. give PTO transfer package
63
what tests are performed by the EMG department
1. electromyogram (EMG)
2. Evoked potentials (EP)
3. stomatosensory evoked potentials (SSEP)
64
who performs a PFT?
pulmonologist
65
which department is a PFT performed?
pulmonary department
66
NUA duties for processing PFT orders
1. enter into computer
2. kardex under procedures
3. symbolize EC and K
67
NUA duties for for PFT on day of appt
1. porter is pre-booked
2. inform RN when porter calls for pt
3. grab pt chart and put on desk
4. inform RN when pt returns
68
why is a nerve conduction study performed?
help diagnose diseases and injuries of the peripheral nervous system
69
what are 5 x-rays that do not require contrast
1. cervical x-ray
2. bone x-ray
3. chest x-ray
4. KUB
5. abdomial x-ray
70
explain what an ultrasound is
machine that uses high frequency sound waves to produce images
71
what is a MRI
machine that uses magnets, radio waves and a computer to produce images of the body
72
what is a CT?
uses special x-ray techniques to produce multiple images of the body
73
define fluoroscopy
imaging technique where real time images showing movements are produced through a constant input of x-rays using a special machine - fluoroscope
74
what is barium enema
filling of the large intestine with barium
75
what is an angiography/arteriography ?
MI test to visualize inside blood vessels and organs of the body
76
consideration for special procedural x-rays
1. consent
2. NPO
3. pre-meds
4. Chart
5. shave prep
6. IV started
77
what is oblique view?
projection taken with the central ray at an angle to any of the body planes. described by the angle obliquity and the portion of the body, x-ray beam exits; right or left and posterior or anterior
78
what organs can be imaged with an ultrasound?
1. stomach
2. brain
3. heart vessels
4. spleen
5. liver
6. gallbladder
7. kidneys
8. pancreas
79
what does EEG stand for?
electroencephalogram
80
define EEG department
responsible for performing procedures that measure the electoral activity of the brain
81
why is an EEG done?
diagnose conditions like epilepsy, tumor and brain damage
82
are EEGs performed at VHJ?
no, KGH
83
who are EEGs results interpreted by?
neurologist
84
is a req needed to make an apt fir an EEG?
no
85
what are the NUA's duties for EEG tests
1. phone KGH to book apt
2. kardex
3. symbolize
86
NUA duties when appt for EEG is confirmed
1. make transport arrangements
2. inform RN of time/date of apt
3. photocopy pts. important info
4. label the transfer checklist
87
prior to an EEG what are a NUA's duties?
1. inform RN when PTO arrives
| 2. give PTO envelope
88
why must we inform the RN if an EEG is to be done on the same day?
patients hair needs to be washed and dried before going
89
what pertinent info do we need to copy from the patient chart? (6)
1. record of admission
2. history
3. progess
4. consults
5. labs
6. x-ray results
90
what is endoscopies
exam of the body cavity or organ using an endoscope
91
how may a endoscopies procedure be done? (2)
1. natural body open
| 2. small incision
92
what is esophageal motility?
views the esophagus
93
why is a esophageal motility done?
determine the motor function of the esophagus
94
what is a gastroscopy/esophagoscopy?
views the esophagus, stomach and duodenum
95
why is a gastroscopy/esophagosopy done?
detect tumors, ulcers, polyps, hiatal hernias, or to locate a site of bleeding. biopsies may be obtained for analysis
96
what is a sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy ?
views the rectum, sigmoid colon and large intestine
97
why is a sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy done?
detect tumors, polyps and ulcers - biopsies may be taken for analysis
98
what is a bronchoscopy ?
views the larynx, trachea and bronchi
99
why is a bronchoscopy done?
detect tumors, inflammation and structures. biopsies may be taken for analysis/sputum taken for cytology or C&S
100
what is a cystoscopy and pyelogram?
views of urethra and kidneys
101
why is a cystoscopy and pyelogram done?
detect tumors and measure the bladder capacity and dilation of a narrowed urethra and ureters
102
where are endoscopies procedures performed?.
1. GI lab
2. ambulatory care
3. OR
103
are consent forms required for endoscopies procedures?
yes
104
name the endoscopies procedures?
1. esophageal motility
2. gastroscopy/esophagoscopy
3. sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy
4. bronchoscopy
5. cystoscopy and pyelogram
105
who performs a esophageal motility?
gastroenterologist
106
who performs a gastroscopy/esophagoscopy ?
gastroenterologist
107
who performs and sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy ?
gastroenterologist or proctologist
108
who performs a bronchoscopy ?
pulmonologist or respirologist
109
who performs and cystoscopy and pyelogram?
urologist
110
NUA duties for Endoscopies procedures:
1. consent is filled out
2. kardex under x-ray/procedures section
3. symbolize
111
NUA duties on day of endoscopies procedures:
1. check dr. orders for pt prep
2. surgical consent is filled out
3. porter should be pre-booked
4. inform nurse when porter is coming
5. have chart and MAR on desk
6. inform nurse when pt returns
112
a diagnostic department that performs tests to diagnose and evaluate neurological disorders such as multiple sclerosis or parkinson's disease
electromyogram
113
done to determine the motor function of the esophagus
esophageal motility
114
done to decide tutors, to measure the bladder capacity and the dilatation of a narrowed urethra and ureters
cystoscopy and pyelogram
115
a diagnostic test that uses ultrasound waves to create an image of the heart muscles
echocardiogram
116
a test in which the patient is connected to an EEG monitor and their heart is monitored as they exercise on a treadmill
cardiac stress test
117
done to detect tutors, polyps and ulcers. Biopsies may be taken for analysis
sigmoidoscopy/colonoscopy
118
this test aids in the diagnosis of conditions such as epilepsy, tumors, and brain damage
electroencphalogram
119
type of medical imaging that used radioactive isotopes, cameras and computers to view the body
nuclear medicine
120
done to detect tumors, ulcers, polyps, hiatal hernias or to locate a site of bleeding
gastroscopy/esophagoscopy
121
what is technetium-99m (Tc-99m)
radioactive isotope
122
done to detect tumors, inflammation and structures. Biopsies of suspected tumors may be obtained - as well as sputum for cytology and C&S tests
bronchoscopy
123
contrast medium us objected into a needle that is passed through the skin and liver into the bile ducts. X-ray pics are taken of the biliary ducts and sometimes the gallbladder
percutaneous transhepatic cholangiogram
