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BI231 > Quiz 3 > Flashcards

Quiz 3 Flashcards

1
Q 
The functional length of DNA that provides the genetic information necessary to build a protein is a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
codon
histone
gene
ribosome
A

gene

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2
Q 
The formation of gametes (egg and sperm) is via \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
osmosis 
symport
meoisis
mitosisos
A

meoisis

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3
Q 
The function of mitosis is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Formation of sex cells (sperm and oocytes)
To create genetic diversity
Growth and cell replacement
All of the above are true
A

Growth and cell replacement

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4
Q

The term chromatin refers to ________.

A

loosely coiled DNA

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5
Q

Ribosomes are made in the _______.

A

nucleolus

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6
Q

Alzheimer’s disease is associated with an abnormal build up of proteins in the brain. Which organelle is responsible for removing and recycling damaged or abnormal proteins?

A

proteosomes

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7
Q

The fuzzy coat of carbohydrates on the outer surface of the plasma membrane that functions in cell identification is called the __________.

A

glycocalyx

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8
Q

Proteins that do not protrude into the phospholipid bilayer, but adhere to the surface of the plasma membrane, are called __________.

A

peripheral proteins

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9
Q

The most abundant molecules in the plasma membrane are __________.

A

phosopholipids

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10
Q

Membrane proteins that allow specific substances to move through a water filled pore are called _______.

A

channel proteins

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11
Q

Membrane proteins that distinguish your cells from anyone else’s are _______.

A

recognition proteins

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12
Q

A function of the plasma membrane includes _______.

A

letting water, certain ions and substrates into the cell

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13
Q

The fuzzy somewhat sticky carbohydrate rich area at the cell surface which functions in anchoring, locomotion, and recognition is called _______.

A

glycocalyx

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14
Q

A solution that contains a higher solute concentration than the cytoplasm of a cell is called _______.

A

hypertonic

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15
Q

Which of these is an example of active transport?
Facilitated diffusion of K+
Transport of Na+ from a place of low concentration to a place of higher concentration
Transport of glucose down its concentration gradient
Diffusion of oxygen from a place of high concentration to a place of lower concentration
Transport of Cl- following its concentration gradient

A

Transport of Na+ from a place of low concentration to a place of higher concentration

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16
Q

The greater the concentration gradient, the faster the diffusion rate
True
False

A

True

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17
Q

Na+-K+ ATPase is a countertransport antiport carrier, which always requires energy
True
False

A

True

18
Q

Water flows through a selectively permeable membrane in a process called __________, but water molecules cross the membrane more easily through channels of transmembrane proteins called aquaporins.

A

osmosis

19
Q

The process by which molecules, such as glucose, are moved down their concentration gradient with the help of a membrane-bound carrier protein is called _________.

A

facilitated diffusion

20
Q

A red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. This means the concentration of solutes in the solution is __________ than the concentration of solutes in the intracellular fluid, and will cause the cell to ______________.

A

higher; shrink

21
Q

Sodium and glucose are transported together from the intestinal lumen into an intestinal cell. This process is called ____________.

A

co-transport

22
Q

Cell transport where integral proteins bind specific molecules and carry them across the cell membrane in the same direction is called _____.

A

co-transport

23
Q

The fluid outside of a cell is called __________.

A

extracellular fluid

24
Q

What is the function of the golgi apparatus?
Produces and secretes glycolipids
Synthesizes proteins
Regulates transport and modifies newly synthesized proteins
Produces lipids

A

Regulates transport and modifies newly synthesized proteins

25
Q

What is the function of a ribosome?

A

Synthesizes proteins

26
Q

The organelles that form the spindle apparatus during cell division are the ______.

A

centrioles

27
Q

Masses of insoluble material in the cytosol are called _______.

A

inclusions

28
Q

_________ decompose fatty acids, and detoxify alcohol, free radicals, and drugs.

A

Peroxisomes

29
Q

Organelles forming a major part of the cytoskeleton and whose contractions enable cell movement are the __________.

A

microfilaments

30
Q

__________ provide motility (movement) to a sperm cell.

A

Flagella

31
Q

The __________ synthesize(s) carbohydrates and put(s) finishing touches on proteins synthesized at __________.

A

golgi apparatus; rough ER

32
Q

You are studying a group of cells that have an extensive network of smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Which of the following would be a possible product of these cells?

A

steroid hormones

33
Q

The organelles consisting of tiny bags of digestive enzymes are _______.

A

lysosomes

34
Q 
If a cell lacked centrioles, it would be unable to \_\_\_\_\_.
divide
metabolize sugars
move
produce DNA
synthesize proteins
A

divide

35
Q

What does the rough endoplasmic reticulum do?
Produces most of the ATP in the cell via cellular respiration
Synthesizes protein for secretion, insertion into the plasma membrane, and lysosomal enzymes
Regulates transport and modifies newly synthesized proteins
Synthesizes proteins that live in the cytosol

A

Synthesizes protein for secretion, insertion into the plasma membrane, and lysosomal enzymes

36
Q

Cell death due to programmed cell suicide is called _________

A

apoptosis

37
Q 
Which of the following organelles sorts, cuts, splices, and packages newly formed proteins into membrane-bound vesicles?
Nucleolus
Golgi apparatus
Smooth ER
Mitochondrion
Rough ER
A

Golgi apparatus

38
Q

What is the function of mitochondria?
Synthesizes protein for secretion, insertion into the plasma membrane, and lysosomal enzymes
Synthesizes proteins that live in the cytosol
Produces most of the ATP in the cell via cellular respiration
Regulates transport and modifies newly synthesized proteins

A

Produces most of the ATP in the cell via cellular respiration

39
Q 
In the glycocalyx, \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_ act like identification tags that enable the body to distinguish its own cells from foreign and diseased cells.
triglycerides
glycoproteins
lipoproteins
cholesterol molecules
phospholipids
A

glycoproteins

40
Q

When describing a cell’s membrane potential, the cell interior is _______
more positively charged then the exterior
positively charged whenever the sodium-potassium pump is active
more negatively charged than the exterior
continuously reversing its electrical charge
electrically neutral

A

more negatively charged than the exterior

41
Q 
Which of the following is not a method by which particles can leave a cell?
Active transport
Exocytosis
Simple diffusion
Pinocytosis
Counter-transport
A

Pinocytosis

42
Q 
A mucous gland in your mouth secreting spit using vesicles is an example of \_\_\_\_\_\_.
pinocytosis
osmosis
exocytosis
endocytosis
phagocytosis
A

exocytosis

BI231 (24 decks)

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