Quiz 3

Question 1

The functional length of DNA that provides the genetic information necessary to build a protein is a \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
codon
histone
gene
ribosome

Answer 1

gene

Question 2

The formation of gametes (egg and sperm) is via \_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
osmosis 
symport
meoisis
mitosisos

Answer 2

meoisis

Question 3

The function of mitosis is \_\_\_\_\_\_\_.
Formation of sex cells (sperm and oocytes)
To create genetic diversity
Growth and cell replacement
All of the above are true

Answer 3

Growth and cell replacement

Question 4

The term chromatin refers to ________.

Answer 4

loosely coiled DNA

Question 5

Ribosomes are made in the _______.

Answer 5

nucleolus

Question 6

Alzheimer’s disease is associated with an abnormal build up of proteins in the brain. Which organelle is responsible for removing and recycling damaged or abnormal proteins?

Answer 6

proteosomes

Question 7

The fuzzy coat of carbohydrates on the outer surface of the plasma membrane that functions in cell identification is called the __________.

Answer 7

glycocalyx

Question 8

Proteins that do not protrude into the phospholipid bilayer, but adhere to the surface of the plasma membrane, are called __________.

Answer 8

peripheral proteins

Question 9

The most abundant molecules in the plasma membrane are __________.

Answer 9

phosopholipids

Question 10

Membrane proteins that allow specific substances to move through a water filled pore are called _______.

Answer 10

channel proteins

Question 11

Membrane proteins that distinguish your cells from anyone else’s are _______.

Answer 11

recognition proteins

Question 12

A function of the plasma membrane includes _______.

Answer 12

letting water, certain ions and substrates into the cell

Question 13

The fuzzy somewhat sticky carbohydrate rich area at the cell surface which functions in anchoring, locomotion, and recognition is called _______.

Answer 13

glycocalyx

Question 14

A solution that contains a higher solute concentration than the cytoplasm of a cell is called _______.

Answer 14

hypertonic

Question 15

Which of these is an example of active transport?
Facilitated diffusion of K+
Transport of Na+ from a place of low concentration to a place of higher concentration
Transport of glucose down its concentration gradient
Diffusion of oxygen from a place of high concentration to a place of lower concentration
Transport of Cl- following its concentration gradient

Answer 15

Transport of Na+ from a place of low concentration to a place of higher concentration

Question 16

The greater the concentration gradient, the faster the diffusion rate
True
False

Answer 16

True

Question 17

Na+-K+ ATPase is a countertransport antiport carrier, which always requires energy
True
False

Answer 17

True

Question 18

Water flows through a selectively permeable membrane in a process called __________, but water molecules cross the membrane more easily through channels of transmembrane proteins called aquaporins.

Answer 18

osmosis

Question 19

The process by which molecules, such as glucose, are moved down their concentration gradient with the help of a membrane-bound carrier protein is called _________.

Answer 19

facilitated diffusion

Question 20

A red blood cell is placed in a hypertonic solution. This means the concentration of solutes in the solution is __________ than the concentration of solutes in the intracellular fluid, and will cause the cell to ______________.

Answer 20

higher; shrink

Question 21

Sodium and glucose are transported together from the intestinal lumen into an intestinal cell. This process is called ____________.

Answer 21

co-transport

Question 22

Cell transport where integral proteins bind specific molecules and carry them across the cell membrane in the same direction is called _____.

Answer 22

co-transport

Question 23

The fluid outside of a cell is called __________.

Answer 23

extracellular fluid

Question 24

What is the function of the golgi apparatus?
Produces and secretes glycolipids
Synthesizes proteins
Regulates transport and modifies newly synthesized proteins
Produces lipids

Answer 24

Regulates transport and modifies newly synthesized proteins

Question 25

What is the function of a ribosome?

Answer 25

Synthesizes proteins

Question 26

The organelles that form the spindle apparatus during cell division are the ______.

Answer 26

centrioles

Question 27

Masses of insoluble material in the cytosol are called _______.

Answer 27

inclusions

Question 28

_________ decompose fatty acids, and detoxify alcohol, free radicals, and drugs.

Answer 28

Peroxisomes

Question 29

Organelles forming a major part of the cytoskeleton and whose contractions enable cell movement are the __________.

Answer 29

microfilaments

Question 30

__________ provide motility (movement) to a sperm cell.

Answer 30

Flagella

Question 31

The __________ synthesize(s) carbohydrates and put(s) finishing touches on proteins synthesized at __________.

Answer 31

golgi apparatus; rough ER

Question 32

You are studying a group of cells that have an extensive network of smooth endoplasmic reticulum. Which of the following would be a possible product of these cells?

Answer 32

steroid hormones

Question 33

The organelles consisting of tiny bags of digestive enzymes are _______.

Answer 33

lysosomes

Question 34

``` If a cell lacked centrioles, it would be unable to _____. divide metabolize sugars move produce DNA synthesize proteins ```

Answer 34

divide

Question 35

What does the rough endoplasmic reticulum do? Produces most of the ATP in the cell via cellular respiration Synthesizes protein for secretion, insertion into the plasma membrane, and lysosomal enzymes Regulates transport and modifies newly synthesized proteins Synthesizes proteins that live in the cytosol

Answer 35

Synthesizes protein for secretion, insertion into the plasma membrane, and lysosomal enzymes

Question 36

Cell death due to programmed cell suicide is called _________

Answer 36

apoptosis

Question 37

``` Which of the following organelles sorts, cuts, splices, and packages newly formed proteins into membrane-bound vesicles? Nucleolus Golgi apparatus Smooth ER Mitochondrion Rough ER ```

Answer 37

Golgi apparatus

Question 38

What is the function of mitochondria? Synthesizes protein for secretion, insertion into the plasma membrane, and lysosomal enzymes Synthesizes proteins that live in the cytosol Produces most of the ATP in the cell via cellular respiration Regulates transport and modifies newly synthesized proteins

Answer 38

Produces most of the ATP in the cell via cellular respiration

Question 39

``` In the glycocalyx, __________ act like identification tags that enable the body to distinguish its own cells from foreign and diseased cells. triglycerides glycoproteins lipoproteins cholesterol molecules phospholipids ```

Answer 39

glycoproteins

Question 40

When describing a cell's membrane potential, the cell interior is _______ more positively charged then the exterior positively charged whenever the sodium-potassium pump is active more negatively charged than the exterior continuously reversing its electrical charge electrically neutral

Answer 40

more negatively charged than the exterior

Question 41

``` Which of the following is not a method by which particles can leave a cell? Active transport Exocytosis Simple diffusion Pinocytosis Counter-transport ```

Answer 41

Pinocytosis

Question 42

``` A mucous gland in your mouth secreting spit using vesicles is an example of ______. pinocytosis osmosis exocytosis endocytosis phagocytosis ```

Answer 42

exocytosis