quiz 4 Flashcards
(32 cards)
what is it called when DNA polymerase slips or stutters during replication
replication slippage
in replication slippage the loops occurs in what strand during replication
template
replication slippage is more common in what
hot spots
what is it called when purines and pyrimidines exist in alternate chemical forms
tautomers
what is a tautomeric shift
a change in bonding structure which could lead to permanent base-pair changes and mutations
what are the standard base pair arrangements
T and A
C and G
what are anomalous base-pairing arrangements
T and G
C and A
what kind of mutation can a tautomeric shift result it
transition mutation
what is a transition mutation
change of purine to purine and so on
what is the process of progressive change in an organism
development
what is the study of development between fertilization and birth
embryology
what is genomic equivalence
all cells in the zygote have the same genome
differentiation results from
differential gene expression
genomic equivalence indicates that
cells need ti regulate their genome during development
cleavage is a type of
mitosis
cleave is mitosis but without
growth
goal of cleavage
kick start differentiation and to make identical daughter cells
cis-regulatory elemts occur in
non-coding DNA
where are cis-regulatory elements found
in the vicinity of the genes they regulate
what does cis-regulatory elements regulate
gene expression
what do cis-regulatory elements include
promoters, enhancers, silencers, insulators
what do trans-regulatory elements do
modify the function of distinct genes
trans-regulatory elements often include
transcription factors
what helps with differential of gene expression
enhancer modularity
methylation
