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PSYCHIATRIC NURSING QUIZ FINALS > QUIZ 4 > Flashcards

QUIZ 4 Flashcards

1
Q

Symptoms of withdrawal usually begins 4 to 12
hours after cessation or marked reduction of
alcohol intake

A

Coarse hand tremors,
Sweating
3. Elevated pulse and blood pressure
4. Insomnia
5. Anxiety
6. Nausea and vomiting

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2
Q

Severe or untreated withdrawal may progress to
transient hallucinations, seizures

A

Delirium Tremens”

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3
Q

Alcohol withdrawal usually peaks on the

A

2nd day
and is over in about 5 days.

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4
Q

a life threatening
condition and detoxification needs to be
accomplished under medical supervision.

A

Alcohol withdrawa

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5
Q

Safe withdrawal is usually accomplished with the
administration of

A

benzodiazepine

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6
Q

benzodiazepine such as

A

Lorazepam (Ativan ) and Chlordiazepoxide
( Librium ) or Diazepam (Valium )

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7
Q

Withdrawal can be accomplished by fixed
schedule dosing known as

A

tapering

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8
Q

Total
score less than 8 indicate

A

mild withdrawal

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9
Q

8 to 15 means

A

moderate

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10
Q

greater
than 15 indicate

A

severe withdrawal

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11
Q

PHYSIOLOGIC EFFECTS OF LONG TERM
ALCOHOL USE

A

Cardiac Myopathy
 Wernicke Encephalopathy
Korsakoff Psychosis

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12
Q

Acute
neurological condition characterized by clinical triad
of opthalmoparesis

A

Wernicke Encephalopathy

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13
Q

This is life threatening condition brought
about by thiamine deficienc

A

Wernicke Encephalopathy

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14
Q

is a late
complication of persistent Wernicke
encephalopathy

A

Korsakoff Psychosis

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15
Q

Korsakoff Psychosis ( is a late
complication of persistent Wernicke
encephalopathy, results in

A

memory deficit, confusion and behavioral changes

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16
Q

it occurs in 80%
of untreated Wernicke encephalopathy severe
alcoholism is the underlying condition

A

Pancreatitis
 Esophagitis
 Hepatitis
 Cirrhosis
 Leukopenia
 Thrombocytopenia
 Ascites

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17
Q

the most
frequently abused drugs in this category.

A

Benzodiazepines and Barbiturates

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18
Q

(benzo & barbi)
Symptoms of Intoxication:

A
  1. Slurred speech
  2. Lack of coordination
  3. Unsteady gait
  4. Labile mood
  5. Impaired attention or memory
  6. Stupor and coma
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19
Q

Benzodiazepines when taken alone orally in
overdose is not fatal but the person is

A

lethargic and
confused

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20
Q

TREATMENT

A

Gastric lavage & . Dialysis

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21
Q

contrast can be lethal when
taken in overdose

A

Barbiturates

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22
Q

Barbiturates by contrast can be lethal when
taken in overdose. They can cause:

A

. Coma
2. Respiratory arrest
3. Cardiac failure
4. Death

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23
Q

The withdrawal syndrome is characterized by
symptoms that are the opposite of the acute
effects of the drug

A

. Autonomic hyperactivity ( increased pulse, blood
pressure, respirations and temperature )
2. Hand tremor
3. Insomnia
4. Anxiety
5. Nausea
6. Psychomotor agitation

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24
Q

are drugs that stimulate or excite the central
nervous system and have limited clinical use

A

Stimulants

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25
) this was popular in the past, they were used by people who wanted to lose weight quickly or stay awake
Amphetamines ( Uppers )
26
n illegal drug with virtually no clinical use in medicine is highly addictive and a popular recreational drug because of the intense and immediate feeling of euphoria it produces.
Cocaine
27
particularly dangerous. It is highly addictive and causes psychotic behavior.
Methamphetamine
28
intoxication from stimulants develops rapidly. Effects include :& Physiological effects include:
Effects include :  High or euphoric feeling  hyperactivity,  Hypervigilance  Talkativeness  Anxiety  Grandiosity  Hallucinations  stereotypic or repetitive behavior  Anger  Fighting  Impaired judgment Physiological effects include:  Tachycardia  Elevated blood pressure  Dilated pupils  Perspiration or chills  Nausea  Chest pain  Confusion  Cardiac dysrhytmias
29
Overdose in stimulants can result in
seizures and coma. Deaths are rare.
30
an antipsychotic, controls hallucination and lower blood pressure and relives nausea.
Chlopromazine
31
Marked dysphoria is the primary symptom, accompanied by:
Fatigue  Vivid unpleasant dreams  Insomnia or hypersomnia  Increased appetite  Psychomotor retardation or agitation  Marked withdrawal symptoms are referred to as crashing
32
– is the hemp plant that is widely cultivated for its fiber used to make rope and cloth and for oil from its seed. I
Cannabis Sativa
33
The resin contain more than 60 substances called
cannabinoids
34
refers to the upper leaves, flowering tops and stems of the plant.
Marijuana
35
dried resinous exudate from leaves of the female plant.
Hashish
36
Two cannabinoids approved for the use of treating nausea and vomiting asoociated with cancer chemotherapy:
. Dronabinol ( Marinol ) 2. Nabilone ( Cesamet )
37
Cannabis begins to act Peak usually occurs in
less than 1 minute after inhalation 20 to 30 minutes and last at least 2 to 3 hours.
38
Effect on the users: (cannabis) Symptoms of Intoxication Additional physiological effects:
Effect on the users:  High feeling same to that on alcohol  Lowered inhibitions  Relaxation  Euphoria  And increases appetite Symptoms of Intoxication:  Impaired motor coordination  Inappropriate laughter  Impaired judgment  Short term memory, and distortions of time and perception. ○ Anxiety, dysphoria and social withdrawal may occur in some users. Additional physiological effects:  Conjunctival injection ( bloodshot eyes )  Dry mouth  Hypotension  Tachycardia
39
Excessive use of cannabis may produce
delirium
40
are popular drugs of abuse because they desensitize the user to both physiological and psychological pain and induce a sense of euphoria and well being.
Opioids
41
Opioid compounds include both potent prescription analgesic such as:
 Morphine  Meperidine( Demerol )  Codeine  Hydromorphone  Oxycodone  Methadone  Oxymorphone  Hydrocodone  Propoxyphene
42
is a synthetic opioid used in clinical setting for anesthesia.This also is thought to be the cause for dramatic increase in death from opioid deaths due to overdose
Fentanyl
43
Opioid intoxication develops soon after the initial euphoric feeling.
Symptoms:  Apathy  Lethargy  Listlessness  Impaired judgment  Psychomotor retardation or agitation  Constricted pupil  Drowsiness  Slurred speech  Impaired attention and memory
44
Severe intoxication and overdose can lead to: (opiod)
Coma  Respiratory depression  Pupillary constriction  Unconsciousness  Death
45
an opioid antagonist is the drug of choice because it reverses all signs of opioid toxicity.
Naloxone
46
Opioid withdrawal develops once drug intake ceases or decreases markedly. Symptoms ( initially):
 Anxiety  Restlessness  Aching back and legs  Cravings for more opioids
47
Symptoms progresses to the following:
Nausea  Vomiting  Dysphoria ( a depressed low energy state characterized by flattened emotions, lack of interest in sex and physical immobility)  Lacrimation  Rhinorrhea  Sweating  Diarrhea  Yawning  Fever  Insomnia
48
Heroin produce withdrawal symptoms in
n 6 to 24 hrs; the symptoms peak in 2 to 3 days and gradually subside in 5 to 7 days.
49
( opoid) Withdrawal Symptom such
s anxiety, insomnia, dysphoria, anhedonia and drug craving may persists for weeks or months.
50
hallucinogen effects
Effects:  Increased pulse, blood pressure, and temperature  Dilated pupils  Hyperreflexia ( presence of hyperactive stretch reflexes of the muscles)examples: finger flexion reflexes; jaw jerks, clonus and “irradiating” reflexes
51
are substances that distort the user’s perception of reality and produce symptoms similar to psychosis, including hallucinations
HALLUCINOGEN
52
Example of hallucinogen:
Mescaline  Psilocybin  Lysergic acid diethylamide  Designer drug such as ecstasy
53
developed as anesthetic is included because it acts similarly to hallucinogen.
Phencyclidine
54
hallucinogen Symptoms of Intoxication( Marked by several behavioral or psychological changes):
Symptoms of Intoxication( Marked by several behavioral or psychological changes):  Anxiety  Depression  Paranoid ideation  Ideas of reference  Fear of losing one’s mind  Potentially dangerous behaviors such as jumping out of a window in the belief than one can fly.
55
Hallucinogen Physiological Symptoms:
Physiological Symptoms:  Sweating  Tachycardia  Palpitations  Blurred vision  Tremors and lack of coordination
56
Psychotic reaction is best managed by
external stimuli isolation
57
Treatment of toxic reaction is supportive:
external stimuli isolation, Physical restraints
58
HALLUCINOGEN Toxicity symptoms:
 Seizures  Hypertension  Hyperthermia  Respiratory depression
59
used and mechanical ventilation is used to support respirations.
Cooling devices such as hyperthermia blankets
60
Are a diverse group of drugs that include anesthetics, nitrates, and organic solvents, that are inhaled for their effects.
INHALANTS
61
Common substances on this category are:
Aliphatic and aromatic hydrocarbons found in gasoline, paint thinner, glue, and spray paint.  Less frequently used halogenated hydrocarbons include cleaners, correction fluid, spray can propellants, and other compounds containing esters, ketones, and glycoles.
62
○ Inhalants can cause significant
brain damage, peripheral nervous system damage and liver disease.
63
Intoxication symptoms: (INHALANTS)
Intoxication symptoms:  Dizzeness  Nystagmus ( rapid uncontrolled repetitive movement of the eye)  Lack of coordination  Slurred speech  Unsteady gait  Tremor  Muscle weakness  Blurred vision  Stupor and coma can occur
64
(INHALANTS) TREATMENT
Supporting cardiac and respiratory functioning
65
People who abuse inhalants may suffer from
persistent dementia, or inhalant induced disorders such as psychosis, anxiety or mood disorders

PSYCHIATRIC NURSING QUIZ FINALS (3 decks)

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