Quiz 4 | Equine / Swine | Nervous System Flashcards
(143 cards)
1
Q
Bones
A
Gives support and shape to the body, stores mineral salts
2
Q
Oste/o
A
Bone
3
Q
Periosteum
A
Fibrous protective membrane that is around the bone
4
Q
Compact Bone
A
Hard, dense bone material found in the outer layer of bone
5
Q
Cancellated / Spongy bone
A
Inner, spongy lattice like structure with spaces filled with marrow
6
Q
Medullary Cavity
A
Innermost part that contains marrow
7
Q
Epiphyses
A
End of the developing bone and the shaft
8
Q
Diaphyses
A
Shaft of the bone, composed of compact bone
9
Q
Articular Cartilage
A
Covers the ends of the bones
10
Q
Bones grow how?
A
From the epiphyseal line, the growth plate.
11
Q
Osetoblasts
A
Immature bone cells
12
Q
Osteocytes
A
Mature bone cells
13
Q
Osteoclast
A
Large cells on the bone
14
Q
Long Bones
A
Femur and Radius
15
Q
Short Bones
A
Carpus and Tarsus (shock absorbers)
16
Q
Flat Bones
A
Ribs and Pelvis
17
Q
Pneumatic Bones
A
Contains Sinuses
18
Q
Irregular Bones
A
Veterbrae and Inner Ear
19
Q
Sesamoid
A
Skull
20
Q
Axial Skeleton
A
Skull, neck,vertebrae,ribs, sternum
21
Q
Appendicular
A
Shoulder, arms and legs
22
Q
Facial Bones
A
Maxilla- Upper Jaw
Mandible- Lower Jaw
23
Q
Veterbrae Column
A
Shelters the spinal cord, supports thorax and skull
24
Q
Cervical Veterbrae
A
Neck, first bone is called the atlas supports the skull
25
Thoracic Veterbrae
Chest, where the ribs attach
26
Lumbar
Lower back , supports the abdomen
27
Sacrum
Pelvis
28
Coocygeal
Caudal or Tail
29
Intervertebral Foramen
Spinal nerves emerge from the spinal Column
30
Intervertebral Discs
Serve as a joint to allow slight movement, holds ligaments together and functions as a shock absorber
31
Hemilaminectomy
Removes layer of veterbrae, and removes disc contents
32
Cost/o
Rib
33
Ribs
Flat bones attached to dorsal veterbrae, true ribs - attached to cartilage, floating ribs do not attach
34
Breastbone
Composed of series of flat bones and cartilage
35
Xhiphoid process
Landmark for surgical shaving
36
Scapula
Shoulder Blade
37
Humerus
Upper Arm
38
Ulna
Forearm
39
Phalanges
Toes
40
Femur
Promixal Bone
41
Stiple
Knees
42
Tarsal (Hock)
Ankle
43
Arth
Joints
44
Synarthroses
Permit no movement, contain fibrous tissue that unties bones. (Bones in the skull)
45
Amphisrthroses
Allows for slight movements
46
Cartilaginous
Contains cartilages that is attached to bone
47
Diathroses
Permits full movement
48
Hinge Joint
Movement in one direction
49
Ball and socket
Rounded head fits into joint
50
Synovial fluid
Acts as lubricant, more mobility
51
Gliding
Joint surfaces are flat
52
Pivot
Joints move in pivot like motion
53
Myo
Word part for muscle
54
Sarcomere
Basic contractile unit of muscle cell
55
Myosin
Pulls acting fibers toward the middle shorten the length of the muscle
56
Fascia
Sheet of fibrous membrane that closes muscles and snakes groups
57
Ligaments
Connects bones or cartilage
58
Tendons
Bind muscle to bone
59
Flexor
Decreases the angle of a joint
60
Extensor
Increases angle of a joint
61
Abductor muscle
Moves bone away from midline
62
Adductor
Moves bone toward the midline
63
Sphincter Muscle
Expands and contracts to allow flow
64
Chemoreceptor
Smell and taste
65
Mechanoceptor
Touch, pressure, stretch
66
Photoreceptors
Light
67
Thermoreceptors
Heat
68
Nociceptors
Pain
69
Auditory receptors
Sound
70
Alges-
Pain
71
Integration
Processors info and decides what should be done with it
72
Motor output
Brain decided to act and sends signals with instructions on what to do
73
Sensory neurons
Eyes and ears and other sense organs Z
74
Central Nervous System
Brain and Spinal Cord
75
Dura mater
Outer layer of CNS
76
Arachnoid
Middle web like later of CNS
77
Pia Mater
Innermost compact layer of CNS
78
Peripheral Nervous System
consists of the nerves and ganglia outside the brain and spinal cord.
79
Spinal Cord
Extension of the brain,
80
Somatic NS
Allows voluntary movement
81
Nervous tissue
Densely packed with differnt nerve cells
82
Neuron
Nerve Cell
83
Glial Cells
Provide nutrition support insulation. And he’ll with transmission
84
Dendrite
Numerous short nerve process that pick up neurotransmitter from other neurons
85
Axon
Long nerve cells that carry impulse from cell body Down to the axon terminals
86
Myelin Sheath
Insulating covering of axon and helps impulses
87
Node of Ranvier
Gap in sheath that helps facilitated rapid conduction of the nerve impulse down the axon
88
Axon terminal
Release neurotransmitter into the synaptic space to continue transmission
89
Neurotransmitter
Chemical substance that act at synapses to stimulate impulse
90
Synapse
Extremely small space in between neurons
91
Action potential
Change in electrical charge
92
Reflexes
Sensory neurons bring in stimuli, automatic reaction
93
Swines are Mono_______ Omnivores
monogastric
94
Body temp of Swine
102
95
Boar
Male Hog
96
Barrow
Castrated Male Hog
97
Sow
Mature Female Hog
98
Gilt
Immature Female Hog
99
Polyestrous
heat cycles 21 days and last 2-3 days
100
16-18 ____ Released
Eggs
101
Pen Mating
boar is housed with a group of females
102
Hand Mating
one on one mating so times and frequency can be monitored
103
Artificial Insemination
Self-explanatory
104
Gestation Period
3 Months, 3 Weeks, 3 Days
105
Farrowing Crate
limits mobility so sow doesn't hurt piglets
106
Hog Hurdles
portable partitions used to manuever swines
107
Hog snare
secures the pigs head
108
Sling
canvas hammock with 4 holes
109
Within 48 hours of newborn Piglet
Umbilical cord dipped in iodine
Needle teeth are clipped
Tails are docked
Given iron dextran injection
110
Identify Swine Methods
Ear notching- Cuts are certain places that correspond to a number
ear tagging
tattooing
paint
111
Horses are measured by
hands
112
Light Breeds ( Horses)
used for transport and show, Arabian, thoroughbred, quarter horse
113
Gaited Horses
used to transport and show, Tennessee walker and American saddle bred
114
Draft Horses
18 hands or >, used for work bc powerful
115
Foal
young horse
116
Colt
young male horse
117
Filly
young female horse
118
Suckling
foal that is nursing or suckling
119
Weanling
weaned or separated from the mare
120
Yearling
one year old horse
121
Gelding
castrated male
122
Aged
over 4 or 5 years of age
123
Horses basically walk on only one digit (middle)
Called the
coffin bone
124
Hooves rest on tissue called
corium
125
Hooves grow
1/4" a month from the coronary band
126
Farrier
people that are trained in proper hoof care
127
hoof wall
toe, quarter and heel
128
Sole
Palntar or Palmar surface, concave to fill the space between the wall and the bars
129
Frog
V-shaped structure pointing down from that heel
130
Laminitis/Founder
Painful inflammation of the tissue between the hoof and the coffin bone usually in the front feet
Overeating of carbohydrates
Endocrine disorders
Working on a hard surface
High fever
Black Walnut shavings
Stress
131
Breeding for horses mainly-
artificial insemination
132
Race horses are done
the old fashioned way
133
Storm Cat
500,0000 stud fee paid
134
Highest price for a race horse was
70 million
135
Stud
male horse used in breeding
136
Broodmare
mare used for breeding purposes
137
AI
artificial insemination
138
Seasonally polyestrous
heat cycles occur every 21 day during spring and summer
139
Monogastric Herbivore
fiber/cellulose digested in large intestine
140
Teeth continue to erupt for
20 years
141
Maxilla
30% wider than mandible
142
Colic
abdominal Pain
143
Horses Cannot _____
vomit,stomach is more likely to rupture than vomit
