Quiz 4c (key legislation)

Question 1

Pendleton Civil Service Act , 1883

Answer 1

*Established testing standards for employing civil (government)servants. *Established the Civil Service Commission to monitor the hiring and removal of government workers.

Question 2

Hatch Act, 1939

Answer 2

*Limits political activities of civil service employees

Question 3

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Answer 3

*Bans discrimination in public places on the basis of race, color, national origin, or religion. *Prohibits employment discrimination on basis of all characteristics including gender. *Allowed class-action suits for discrimination *Allowed employers to give racial preference in hiring. *Required federal contractors to use affirmative action programs

Question 4

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Answer 4

*suspended the use of Literacy tests *Empowered federal officials to register voters *Empowered federal officials to count ballots *Prohibited states from changing voting procedures without federal permission

Question 5

Age Discrimination Act, 1967

Answer 5

*Bans age discrimination for jobs unless age is related to job performance

Question 6

Air Quality Act, 1967

Answer 6

*Established emissions standards for cars and factories

Question 7

National Environmental Policy Act, 1969

Answer 7

*Required environmental impact reports before major projects can begin.

Question 8

Federal Elections Campaign Acts 1971-1974

Answer 8

*Created Federal Elections Commission (FEC) *Required disclosure of contributions and expenditures. *Provided limitations on contributions and presidential election expenditures $1000 for individual, $5000 from PACs *Provided federal subsidies for presidential candidates.

Question 9

Title IX of Education Act, 1972

Answer 9

*Prohibited gender discrimination in federally subsidized education programs

Question 10

War Powers Act, 1973

Answer 10

President can send troops overseas to an area where hostilities were imminent only if: *He notified Congress within 48 hours *He withdrew troops within 60-90 days *he consulted with Congress if troops were to engage in combat. Congress can pass resolution to have troops withdrawn at any time

Question 11

Budget and Impoundment Act, 1974

Answer 11

*Established the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) *Established Congressional budget committees *Extended budget process by 3 months *Allows either house to override temporary impoundment (deferral) of funds *Automatically voids permanent impoundment (rescission) unless both houses approve within 45 days

Question 12

Freedom of Information Act, 1974

Answer 12

*Allows public access to non-classified federal documents

Question 13

Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Act, 1985

Answer 13

*Set gradual reduction targets to lead to a balanced budget *Across-the-board budget cuts (sequestering of funds) to kick in if targets not met *Too many loopholes allowed for provisions to be superseded, and other provisions struck down by Supreme Court.

Question 14

Americans with Disabilities Act, 1990

Answer 14

*Bans job discrimination against disabled if “reasonable accommodation” can be made. *Requires access to facilities for handicapped

Question 15

National Voter Registration Act, 1993

Answer 15

*required states to allow people to be able to register to vote when applying for drivers licenses or completing license renewal forms.

Question 16

Religious Freedom Restoration Act, 1993

Answer 16

*Restored compelling purpose guidelines for courts to use when states restrict religious liberty. Law was struck down by Boerne v. Flores

Question 17

Unfunded Mandates Reform Act, 1995

Answer 17

*Requires Congressional Budget Office (CBO) to analyze impact of unfunded mandates on states. * Requires separate congressional vote on bills that impose unfunded mandates.

Question 18

Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (Welfare Reform Act),1996

Answer 18

*Ended federal entitlement status of welfare *In its place, federal government gave block grants to states to administer welfare *”Strings” attached to these grants: -recipients must work within 2 years -recipients cannot receive benefits for more than 5 year

Question 19

Communications Decency Act (CDA), 1997

Answer 19

*Prohibited circulation of “indecent” material on internet to minors. Struck down by Supreme Court in ACLU v. Reno I

Question 20

Lobbying Disclosure Act, 1995

Answer 20

*lobbyists are required to register with the Clerk of the House of Representatives and the Secretary of the Senate. *Anyone failing to do so is punishable by a civil fine of up to $50,000.

Question 21

No Child Left Behind Act, 2001

Answer 21

* Does not assert a national achievement standard; standards are set by each individual state. * Requires all government-run schools receiving federal funding to administer a state-wide standardized test annually to all students. * Students by grade level must do better on standardized tests than the previous year’s students or submit a school improvement plan

Question 22

Help America Vote Act, 2002

Answer 22

*Replace punch card and lever-based voting systems *Create the Election Assistance Commission *Establish minimum election standards like voter verification and provisional ballots

Question 23

Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (McCain-Feingold Act), 2002

Answer 23

*Banned soft money to national parties *Campaign limits to a candidates was lifted to $2000 from $1000 *Maximum and individual could give to all federal candidates was raised to $95,000. *Limited soft money to state and local parties to $10,000 per year per candidate

Question 24

Honest Leadership and Open Government Act, 2007

Answer 24

*Attempt to minimize the effect of funds bundling *Political Action Committees must name the lobbyist that provide bundled funds to campaigns

Question 25

Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP), 2008

Answer 25

\* Program to purchase assets and equity from financial institutions to strengthen its financial sector in order to address the subprime mortgage crisis. Disbursed $ 418 Billion in bailouts. Institutions are required to pay back loans. \* Encouraged banks to resume lending again at levels seen before the crisis, both to each other and to consumers and businesses.

Question 26

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (Obamacare), 2012

Answer 26

\*Aim is to primarily decrease the number of uninsured Americans thus reducing the overall costs of health care. \* Mandates on states for an Insurance Exchange and cost subsidies. \* Requires all Americans to have medical insurance by 2014 or pay a fine. \* Requires insurance companies to cover all applicants and offer the same rates regardless of pre-existing conditions, gender, or age.

Question 27

# reversed \*Established testing standards for employing civil (government)servants. \*Established the Civil Service Commission to monitor the hiring and removal of government workers.

Answer 27

Pendleton Civil Service Act , 1883

Question 28

# reversed \*Limits political activities of civil service employees

Answer 28

Hatch Act, 1939

Question 29

# reversed \*Bans discrimination in public places on the basis of race, color, national origin, or religion. \*Prohibits employment discrimination on basis of all characteristics including gender. \*Allowed class-action suits for discrimination \*Allowed employers to give racial preference in hiring. \*Required federal contractors to use affirmative action programs

Answer 29

Civil Rights Act of 1964

Question 30

# reversed \*suspended the use of Literacy tests \*Empowered federal officials to register voters \*Empowered federal officials to count ballots \*Prohibited states from changing voting procedures without federal permission

Answer 30

Voting Rights Act of 1965

Question 31

# reversed \*Bans age discrimination for jobs unless age is related to job performance

Answer 31

Age Discrimination Act, 1967

Question 32

# reversed \*Established emissions standards for cars and factories

Answer 32

Air Quality Act, 1967

Question 33

# reversed \*Required environmental impact reports before major projects can begin.

Answer 33

National Environmental Policy Act, 1969

Question 34

# reversed \*Created Federal Elections Commission (FEC) \*Required disclosure of contributions and expenditures. \*Provided limitations on contributions and presidential election expenditures $1000 for individual, $5000 from PACs \*Provided federal subsidies for presidential candidates.

Answer 34

Federal Elections Campaign Acts 1971-1974

Question 35

# reversed \*Prohibited gender discrimination in federally subsidized education programs

Answer 35

Title IX of Education Act, 1972

Question 36

# reversed President can send troops overseas to an area where hostilities were imminent only if: \*He notified Congress within 48 hours \*He withdrew troops within 60-90 days \*he consulted with Congress if troops were to engage in combat. Congress can pass resolution to have troops withdrawn at any time

Answer 36

War Powers Act, 1973

Question 37

# reversed \*Established the Congressional Budget Office (CBO) \*Established Congressional budget committees \*Extended budget process by 3 months \*Allows either house to override temporary impoundment (deferral) of funds \*Automatically voids permanent impoundment (rescission) unless both houses approve within 45 days

Answer 37

Budget and Impoundment Act, 1974

Question 38

# reversed \*Allows public access to non-classified federal documents

Answer 38

Freedom of Information Act, 1974

Question 39

# reversed \*Set gradual reduction targets to lead to a balanced budget \*Across-the-board budget cuts (sequestering of funds) to kick in if targets not met \*Too many loopholes allowed for provisions to be superseded, and other provisions struck down by Supreme Court.

Answer 39

Gramm-Rudman-Hollings Act, 1985

Question 40

# reversed \*Bans job discrimination against disabled if “reasonable accommodation” can be made. \*Requires access to facilities for handicapped

Answer 40

Americans with Disabilities Act, 1990

Question 41

# reversed \*required states to allow people to be able to register to vote when applying for drivers licenses or completing license renewal forms.

Answer 41

National Voter Registration Act, 1993

Question 42

# reversed \*Restored compelling purpose guidelines for courts to use when states restrict religious liberty. Law was struck down by Boerne v. Flores

Answer 42

Religious Freedom Restoration Act, 1993

Question 43

# reversed \*Requires Congressional Budget Office (CBO) to analyze impact of unfunded mandates on states. \* Requires separate congressional vote on bills that impose unfunded mandates.

Answer 43

Unfunded Mandates Reform Act, 1995

Question 44

# reversed \*Ended federal entitlement status of welfare \*In its place, federal government gave block grants to states to administer welfare \*”Strings” attached to these grants: -recipients must work within 2 years -recipients cannot receive benefits for more than 5 year

Answer 44

Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act (Welfare Reform Act),1996

Question 45

# reversed \*Prohibited circulation of “indecent” material on internet to minors. Struck down by Supreme Court in ACLU v. Reno I

Answer 45

Communications Decency Act (CDA), 1997

Question 46

# reversed \*lobbyists are required to register with the Clerk of the House of Representatives and the Secretary of the Senate. \*Anyone failing to do so is punishable by a civil fine of up to $50,000.

Answer 46

Lobbying Disclosure Act, 1995

Question 47

# reversed \* Does not assert a national achievement standard; standards are set by each individual state. \* Requires all government-run schools receiving federal funding to administer a state-wide standardized test annually to all students. \* Students by grade level must do better on standardized tests than the previous year's students or submit a school improvement plan

Answer 47

No Child Left Behind Act, 2001

Question 48

# reversed \*Replace punch card and lever-based voting systems \*Create the Election Assistance Commission \*Establish minimum election standards like voter verification and provisional ballots

Answer 48

Help America Vote Act, 2002

Question 49

# reversed \*Banned soft money to national parties \*Campaign limits to a candidates was lifted to $2000 from $1000 \*Maximum and individual could give to all federal candidates was raised to $95,000. \*Limited soft money to state and local parties to $10,000 per year per candidate

Answer 49

Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (McCain-Feingold Act), 2002

Question 50

# reversed \*Attempt to minimize the effect of funds bundling \*Political Action Committees must name the lobbyist that provide bundled funds to campaigns

Answer 50

Honest Leadership and Open Government Act, 2007

Question 51

# reversed \* Program to purchase assets and equity from financial institutions to strengthen its financial sector in order to address the subprime mortgage crisis. Disbursed $ 418 Billion in bailouts. Institutions are required to pay back loans. \* Encouraged banks to resume lending again at levels seen before the crisis, both to each other and to consumers and businesses.

Answer 51

Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP), 2008

Question 52

# reversed \*Aim is to primarily decrease the number of uninsured Americans thus reducing the overall costs of health care. \* Mandates on states for an Insurance Exchange and cost subsidies. \* Requires all Americans to have medical insurance by 2014 or pay a fine. \* Requires insurance companies to cover all applicants and offer the same rates regardless of pre-existing conditions, gender, or age.

Answer 52

Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act (Obamacare), 2012