Quiz 5

Question 1

Twigs moderately thick, with true terminal bud. Leaf scars are remote from one another.leaf scar has a horizontal top edge, with the bud perched above it. “4-angled” or winged ash.

Answer 1

green ash

Question 2

What did analysis of their plastid data find?

Answer 2

a strong maternal affinity of V. appalchiana to V. grainifolia.

Question 3

What type of data was used regarding the appalachian gametophytes?

Answer 3

plastid, and nuclear DNA sequence

Question 4

Twigs are thin with opposite leaf scars, and true terminal bud. Bud scales are imbricate (overlapping)

Answer 4

sugar maple

Question 5

what is different about sweet buckeye distribution?

Answer 5

It does not occur anywhere inside the glacial boundary

Question 6

Sawtoothed sunflower

Answer 6

radiate capitulum

Question 7

Answer 7

black locust

Question 8

what did analysis of their nuclear data find?

Answer 8

V. appalachiana is not the product of interspecies hybridization, as previously postulated.

Question 9

Answer 9

Question 10

Buds are long, narrow and pointed. Scales are imbricate. Small semicircular leaf scars, and small narrow stipule scars extending off them.

Answer 10

American Beech

Question 11

Chicory

Answer 11

ligulate capitulum

Question 12

Elongate terminal bud, with valvate scales, stipule scares completely encircle twig. Diaphragmed pith type, filled and cross walls.

Answer 12

tulip tree

Question 13

eastern ohio

Answer 13

underlain predominatently by sandstone, a relatively resistant rock, underlain by shale to the west. Deep valleys, but not in wearing away the intervening higher land, forming a landscape of steep-sided sandstone hills.

Question 14

Answer 14

green ash

Question 15

eastern ohio substrate

Answer 15

permeable

acid

low nutrients

Question 16

Answer 16

tulip tree

Question 17

Name 5 species of trees/shrubs that have a distribution generally limited to limestone or limey substrates

Answer 17

redbud

red cedar

hackberry

blue ash

hawthorn

Question 18

Answer 18

green ash

Question 19

Wingstem

Answer 19

radiate capitulum

Question 20

Answer 20

oak

Question 21

Arrow-leaved aster

Answer 21

radiate capitulum

Question 22

what is different about the distribution of hemlock (contrast with sweet buckeye):

Answer 22

Extends far to the north, well north of the glacial boundary.

Question 23

What were the results obtained regarding the appalachian gametophytes?

Answer 23

Bayesian analysis of the 56 recovered DET1 alleles yielded a phylogenetic tree that was mostly consistent with the plastid tree.

Question 24

Answer 24

wingstem

Question 25

Answer 25

sugar maple

Question 26

Answer 26

tree of heaven

Question 27

Name 5 species of trees/shrubs that have a distribution generally limited to sandstone hill of eastern OH.

Answer 27

chestnut oak sourwood scrub pine pitch pine hemlock

Question 28

what is different about the distribution of rhododendron?

Answer 28

The teays river system.

Question 29

Answer 29

black locust

Question 30

If the closest relatives of V. applachiana are n=120, there would be a second most parsimonious explanation, this one:

Answer 30

divergent speciation

Question 31

Shield shaped leaf scars with numerous bundle scars arranged in a “U”. large brown pith, and smell like rancid peanut butter. False end bud. Has a tip scar – a small circular scar lacking bundle scars.

Answer 31

tree of heaven

Question 32

Answer 32

tree of heaven

Question 33

Answer 33

walnut

Question 34

Answer 34

tulip tree

Question 35

Answer 35

gray goldenrod

Question 36

Western ohio

Answer 36

underlain by limestone (broad areas of its magnesium containing variety, dolomite) it is relatively nonresistant in this humid climate, worn down to comparatively flat landscape.

Question 37

Answer 37

tulip tree

Question 38

Pilewort/fireweed

Answer 38

discoid capitulum

Question 39

Answer 39

black walnut

Question 40

Answer 40

tree of heaven

Question 41

Answer 41

tree of heaven

Question 42

Answer 42

Bur oak

Question 43

Name 5 species of trees/shrubs that have a distribution generally limited to high-lime, clay-rich substrates developed in the thick glacial till of western Ohio.

Answer 43

sugar maple beech shagbark hickory white oak white ash

Question 44

…and instead points to an origin involving:

Answer 44

Genome duplication and/or divergent speciation.

Question 45

What did they find of the two closely related gametophytes?

Answer 45

They are not monophyletic

Question 46

homosporous

Answer 46

spores all the same produce bisexual gametophytes, in many ferns and lychophytes. no seed plants.

Question 47

Answer 47

arrow leaved aster

Question 48

Referring to the appalachian gametophyte, what was their question?

Answer 48

Are they derived from hybridization? (V. appalachiana)

Question 49

Answer 49

black locust

Question 50

Answer 50

tulip tree

Question 51

Answer 51

walnut

Question 52

Answer 52

american beech

Question 53

Answer 53

green ash

Question 54

Alternate leaf arrangement. Buds are hidden beneath leaf scars, saplings produce paired stipular spines. Tall old trees lack spines.

Answer 54

black locust

Question 55

Answer 55

sneezeweed

Question 56

Answer 56

green ash

Question 57

If the closest relatives of *V. applachiana* turn out to be n=60 then the most likely explanation would be this:

Answer 57

genome duplication

Question 58

Answer 58

pilewort/fireweed

Question 59

Answer 59

sawtoothed sunflower

Question 60

Clustered false end buds. Scales are imbricate (shingled). Pith is star-shaped in cross section.

Answer 60

bur oak

Question 61

Answer 61

maple

Question 62

Answer 62

beech

Question 63

goldenrod

Answer 63

radiate capitulum

Question 64

Answer 64

chichory

Question 65

Answer 65

black walnut

Question 66

western ohio substrate

Answer 66

poorly drained, inadequately aerated, limey, abundant nutrients

Question 67

Twigs are stout with a true terminal bud, and 3-lobed leaf scars that look like a monkeys face. Twigs have a chambered pith (hollow with cross walls)

Answer 67

Black Walnut

Question 68

Answer 68

Riddell's goldenrod

Question 69

Sneezeweed

Answer 69

radiate capitulum