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astronomy > quiz 6 > Flashcards

quiz 6 Flashcards

1
Q

things in a solar system (5)

A

star, planets, natural satellite, asteroid, comet

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2
Q

very small bodies that orbit a star

A

asteroids

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3
Q

dirty snowballs

A

comets

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4
Q

order of planets

A

mercury Venus earth Mars asteroid belt Jupiter saturn Uranus Neptune pluto oort cloud

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5
Q

terrestrial planets characteristics (6)

A

solid rocky surface, close to sun, little to no atmosphere, few to no moons, dense, slow rotation

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6
Q

jovian planets characteristics (6)

A

large and gaseous, far from the dun, many moons, fast rotation, less dense, rings

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7
Q

what is the oort cloud

A

is a halo of material that surrounds the solar system, where comets originate, 50k AU away

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8
Q

cold cloud of H He and dust condense to form the sun and planets at abt the same time

A

nebular contraction theory

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9
Q

the central accumulation of material in the early stage of solar system formation (sun)

A

protosun

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10
Q

objects in the early solar system that reached the size of small moons

A

planetismals

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11
Q

clumps of material collided and coalesced into larger objects

A

protoplanets

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12
Q

accumulation as a result of gravitational attraction

A

accretion

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13
Q

formed an accretion disk

A

angular momentum

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14
Q

how far away is Mercury from the sun

A

.39 AU

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15
Q

orbital period of mercury

A

88 days

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16
Q

rotation period of mercury

A

59 days

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17
Q

how long is Mercury’s solar day

A

2 days

18
Q

mercury elongation

A

28°

19
Q

how far is Mercury’s orbital plane inclined to the ecliptic

A

7°

20
Q

mercury diameter

A

3032 mi

21
Q

the fraction of incident sunlight an object reflects into space

A

albedo

22
Q

Mercury’s albedo

A

6%

23
Q

Mercury’s temperature

A

-300-800

24
Q

Mercury’s atmosphere

A

none

25
Q

Mercury’s magnetic field

A

100x weaker than earth

26
Q

Mercury’s scarps

A

very large cliffs

27
Q

stream of charged particles ejected from the sun

A

solar wind, cme

28
Q

where are the craters

A

water weathering plate tectonics atmosphere

29
Q

spacecraft to mercury

A

mariner messenger

30
Q

how far away is Venus to the sun

A

.72AU

31
Q

Venus orbital period

A

225 days

32
Q

Venus rotational period (retrograde)

A

243 days

33
Q

Venus elongation

A

48°

34
Q

Venus diameter

A

7520 mi

35
Q

Venus orbital inclination

A

3.5

36
Q

Venus atmosphere

A

co2 and nitrogen, 90x greater air pressure, sulfuric acid clouds

37
Q

Venus temp

A

900

38
Q

atmosphere trapping heat

A

greenhouse effect

39
Q

Venus albedo

A

70%

40
Q

Venus volcanoes

A

1600

41
Q

Venus space probes

A

Magellan venera 7

astronomy (12 decks)

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