quiz 6 - language Flashcards
(20 cards)
definition of language
system of symbolic communcation that involves the use of structured sounds, gestures, or written symbols to convey meaning
- is arbitrary, structured, and productive (construction)
syntax definition
structure of sentences
grammar definition
all rules of language, including syntax
semantics definition
meaning
what is the N400 neural response for?
linked to left temporal cortex, occurs when there is a unexpected/nonsense word
what is pure alexia
acquired disorder where nromal language processes still occur but have inability to recognize written words
- occurs with damage to left posterior occipital and occipitotemporal cortical damage
BUT can still spell, write words, & maintain speaking abilities + understanding
where might neurons that selectively respond to spoken word appear?
left middle temporal gyrus
- left = language comprehension
what is the anterior temporal cortex (ATC)’s function
critical for semantic memory, involved in processing social info & emotions
what is semantic dementia, what is it caused by
disorder of sementic memory, difficulty in recognizing the significance of words, objects, faces, and nonverbal sounds
- caused by damage to the ATC
what is the perisylvian language network
brains regions around the Sylvian fissure that includes Broca’s, Wernicke’s, auditory cortex,
what are dorsal pathways in the left perisylvian network involved in
speech production/planning & integrating syntactical features
what are ventral pathways in the left perisylvian network involved in
word comprehension
how are chimps thought to communicate & what brain region associated
gestural comms
left inferior frontal cortex activation
what is the processing hierarchy in Selfridge’s Pandemonium model
image demons –> feature dimensions –> cognitive demons –> decision demons
what is wrong with Selfridge’s Pandemonium model
states that signaling occurs one way so cannot account for the word superiority effect
what is Broca’s area involved in and where is it located
located in left inferior frontal gyrus
primarily involved in speech production, but also supports:
- analysis of semnatic/syntactic relations
- planning/production of speech articulation
what is the MUC model of spoekn language acquisition and what are the 3 parts
it is a language comprehension model
memory, unification, and control
what is the memory area of the MUC model
area where linguistic info stored/retrieved
what is the unification area of the MUC model
integration of phonologial, syntactic & semantic features to represent entire utterance
BA areas 47, 45, 44, 6
what is the control area of the MUC model
involved in controlling conversation, shifting between producing & comprehending
BA areas: 46, 9
