Quiz 7 (Chapter 10)

Question 1

Which of the following statements best describes the exchange of gas in the​ alveoli?

Answer 1

Air moves into the​ alveoli, blood is transported by the pulmonary​ capillaries, and diffusion occurs.

Question 2

Which of the following is acceptable for maintaining a seal between an oxygen cylinder and​ regulator?

Answer 2

Gasket

Question 3

Which patient should definitely be administered supplemental oxygen without positive​ pressure?

Answer 3

A patient in mild respiratory distress

Question 4

Of the three types of oxygen​ flowmeters, which one can only be used​ upright?

Answer 4

​Pressure-compensated flowmeter

Question 5

If your patient has excessive gastric distention due to​ PPV, what piece of equipment is most important to have readily​ available?

Answer 5

The suction unit

Question 6

What is the maximum flow rate that you would administer by nasal​ cannula?

Answer 6

6 lpm

Question 7

The movement of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the alveoli and circulating blood is​ called:

Answer 7

pulmonary respiration.

Question 8

The function of the respiratory system in the respiratory process is​ to:

Answer 8

move air in and out of the alveoli.

Question 9

Forcing air or oxygen into the lungs when a patient has stopped breathing or has inadequate breathing is​ called:

Answer 9

artificial ventilation.

Question 10

At the point at which the​ patient’s body has become acidotic from the retention of too much carbon dioxide and from anaerobic metabolism​ (metabolism without enough oxygen​ present), and he is growing​ tired, the patient is​ in:

Answer 10

respiratory failure.

Question 10

For​ single-rescuer BVM​ ventilation, begin​ by:

Answer 10

positioning yourself at the​ patient’s head and opening the airway.

Question 11

Which of the following is necessary to deliver oxygen to patients at a safe​ pressure?

Answer 11

Regulator

Question 12

Your patient is a motorcyclist who was ejected after striking a guard rail. The patient is unresponsive to painful stimuli and is breathing shallowly six to eight times per minute. Which of the following should you do​ first?

Answer 12

Use a​ bag-valve mask with supplemental oxygen.

Question 13

To inflate the reservoir bag of a nonrebreather​ mask, use your finger to cover​ the:

Answer 13

exhaust port.

Question 14

A permanent surgical opening in the neck through which the patient breathes is​ a:

Answer 14

stoma.

Question 15

Your patient is a​ 65-year-old male with a history of COPD. He is sitting up and complaining of a severe shortness of breath. You​ should:

Answer 15

apply a nonrebreather mask giving 15 lpm of oxygen.

Question 16

What signs and symptoms would indicate inadequate breathing in a​ patient?

Answer 16

Increased effort to​ breathe, cyanosis, clammy​ skin, altered mental status

Question 17

If an oxygen humidifier is going to be used in the ambulance for a long​ trip, the EMT​ should:

Answer 17

use fresh water in a clean reservoir.

Question 18

For life to be​ maintained, a balance of oxygen and carbon dioxide is needed. The condition when oxygen levels are low is​ called:

Answer 18

hypoxia.

Question 19

When there are two rescuers dedicated to the​ airway, the most appropriate device to use on a nonbreathing patient would​ be:

Answer 19

a​ bag-valve-mask device.

Question 20

The safe residual for an oxygen cylinder is​ ________ psi.

Answer 20

200

Question 21

Which of the following devices should be used by two rescuers whenever​ possible?

Answer 21

BVM

Question 22

By using airway adjuncts while ventilating a patient and using proper​ head-positioning and​ airway-opening techniques, you may​ avoid:

Answer 22

gastric distension

Question 22

A​ ________ is not typically used in the prehospital setting for oxygen administration.

Answer 22

partial rebreather mask

Question 23

The paramedic is intubating a patient and asks you to assist by gently pressing your thumb and index finger to either side of the throat just over the​ patient's Adam's apple. As you​ press, you gently direct the throat upward and to the​ patient's right. What is the purpose of this​ maneuver?

Answer 23

It pushes the​ patient's vocal cords into the​ paramedic's view.

Question 24

While ventilating an intubated patient with a​ bag-valve-mask-unit, you notice increased resistance to the ventilations. This may indicate​ that:

Answer 24

air is escaping through a hole in the lung and filling the pleural space.

Question 24

What two measurements are multiplied to calculate the minute​ volume?

Answer 24

Tidal volume and respiratory rate

Question 25

To which of the following patients should you NOT administer supplemental​ oxygen?

Answer 25

A patient with adequate breathing and a pulse ox of​ 96%

Question 26

Which of the following complications related to​ bag-valve-mask ventilation is most​ likely?

Answer 26

Hyperventilation

Question 27

A​ 16-year-old patient presents with labored breathing and increased respiratory​ rate, increased heart​ rate, and leaning forward with his hands on his knees. His skin is a normal color and his pulse oximetry is 96. This patient is suffering from​ respiratory:

Answer 27

distress

Question 28

What is the purpose of a pressure regulator on an oxygen​ tank?

Answer 28

It provides a safe working pressure for oxygen administration

Question 29

You have been asked to hyperoxygenate a patient before a paramedic inserts an endotracheal tube. What should you​ do?

Answer 29

Ventilate at a normal rate using a​ bag-valve-mask device

Question 30

If there were damage to the​ patient's alveoli, you would expect the patient to​ experience:

Answer 30

difficulty in breathing.

Question 31

What are the signs of​ hypoxia?

Answer 31

Cyanosis​ (blue or gray​ skin) and deterioration of the​ patient's mental status

Question 32

If a patient needs to be ventilated for a long period of time with a constant rate and​ volume, the EMT should consider​ using:

Answer 32

an automatic transport ventilator.

Question 33

While administering​ single-rescuer CPR, what device is preferable to deliver supplemental​ oxygen?

Answer 33

Pocket face mask

Question 34

During an endotracheal​ intubation, you may be asked to provide manual​ in-line stabilization. When might this be​ necessary?

Answer 34

If the patient has a suspected cervical spine injury

Question 35

You are ventilating a patient at the proper rate with a manually triggered ventilator. Why is it important to watch the​ patient's chest​ closely?

Answer 35

Because chest rise and fall indicates the adequacy of ventilations

Question 36

In what structures does the​ oxygen/carbon dioxide exchange take place before the carbon dioxide is exhaled into the​ environment?

Answer 36

Alveoli

Question 37

When ventilating a​ patient, an EMT​ must:

Answer 37

carefully monitor the rate of ventilations.

Question 38

Which of the following patients is at risk for failure of the cardiopulmonary​ system?

Answer 38

A patient who was shot in the chest

Question 39

What is the device that is designed to be placed over a stoma or tracheostomy tube to provide supplemental​ oxygen?

Answer 39

Tracheostomy mask

Question 40

How should you position the head of a patient with a stoma during BVM​ ventilation?

Answer 40

Leave the head in a neutral position.

Question 41

Vomitus from gastric distension during artificial​ ventilation:

Answer 41

indicates an improperly protected airway.

Question 42

You are ventilating your apneic patient without difficulty. Family members tell you that the patient has dentures. You​ should:

Answer 42

leave them in place if they are still seated properly.

Question 43

Around oxygen equipment in​ use, smoking:

Answer 43

is never allowed.

Question 44

Which of the following colors identifies an oxygen​ cylinder?

Answer 44

green

Question 45

Venturi masks are designed to mix oxygen​ with:

Answer 45

inhaled air.

Question 46

A​ 21-year-old patient presents with labored breathing and audible​ wheezes, heart rate of​ 124, respiration​ 36; he has significantly altered mentation. What is the treatment for this​ patient?

Answer 46

Ventilate with a​ bag-valve mask with high oxygen or FROPVD.

Question 47

Which of the following is the best device to deliver​ high-concentration oxygen to a breathing​ patient?

Answer 47

Nonrebreather mask

Question 48

The process of air moving in and out of the chest is​ called:

Answer 48

ventilation.

Question 49

Why does a patient involved in an auto crash who has major internal abdominal bleeding require oxygen to maintain internal​ respiration?

Answer 49

A lack of circulating volume decreases the oxygen and carbon dioxide transport capability of the blood.

Question 50

Your patient is apneic and has a stoma. How should you ventilate this​ patient?

Answer 50

Place a pediatric mask on the adult​ BVM, place the mask over the​ stoma, and ventilate.

Question 51

Which of the following can cause respiratory​ depression?

Answer 51

End-stage COPD changes the stimulus to breathe from high carbon dioxide levels to low oxygen​ levels, causing breathing to become depressed when oxygen is administered.

Question 52

You are ventilating a patient manually. Which of the following changes is a negative side effect of positive pressure​ ventilation?

Answer 52

A decrease in the blood pressure

Question 53

Which of the following patients is at risk for​ hypoxia?

Answer 53

A patient who has emphysema

Question 54

When assessing a​ patient's breathing, what is your first​ question?

Answer 54

Is he​ breathing?

Question 55

Why is inhalation described as an active​ process?

Answer 55

It requires chest muscles to contract and use energy to​ move, creating a negative pressure.

Question 56

You are transporting a​ 44-year-old female with chest pain and sudden respiratory distress. She is​ agitated, anxious, and refuses to have a nonrebreather mask applied. Which of the following is the best​ option?

Answer 56

Use a nasal cannula instead.

Question 57

A nonrebreather mask at 12 to 15 liters per minute will generally provide the patient what percentage of​ oxygen?

Answer 57

​80-90

Question 58

Indications that an adult patient is being adequately ventilated​ include:

Answer 58

visible chest rise.

Question 59

How can a​ faster-than-normal breathing rate decrease tidal​ volume?

Answer 59

By limiting the amount of time the lungs have to fill

Question 60

What is necessary for oxygen to diffuse from the alveoli to the​ bloodstream?

Answer 60

Perfusion

Question 61

What is the active part of​ breathing?

Answer 61

Inhalation

Question 62

The patient whose breathing is adequate will​ have:

Answer 62

breath sounds that are clear and equal bilaterally.

Question 63

The normal urge to breathe is stimulated by chemoreceptors that measure changing levels of what two​ gases?

Answer 63

Carbon dioxide and oxygen

Question 64

What is the percentage of oxygen provided by connecting a high flow of oxygen to the oxygen inlet found on a pocket​ mask?

Answer 64

50%

Question 65

Before applying a nonrebreather​ mask, the EMT should take what​ action?

Answer 65

Inflate the reservoir bag and make sure the bag does not deflate during inspiration.

Question 66

In patients progressing from respiratory distress to respiratory failure and ultimately to respiratory​ arrest, what is the most common underlying​ cause?

Answer 66

Unresolved hypoxia