Quiz 7 Drugs Flashcards Preview

Pharmacology DEH2300 > Quiz 7 Drugs > Flashcards

Flashcards in Quiz 7 Drugs Deck (33)
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1
Q

Brand Name: Actos

A

Generic Name: Pioglitazone (pie-o-glit-uh-zone)

Therapeutic Indication: Hyperglycemia (type 2)

Dental Consideration: chest pain, trouble breathing

2
Q

Brand Name: Pravachol

A

Generic Name: Pravastatin

Therapeutic Indication: Hyperlipidemia

Dental​ Consideration: muscle pain and weakness

3
Q

Brand Name: Prozac

A

Generic Name: Fluoxetine

Therapeutic Indication: anxiety and depression

Dental Consideration: xerostomia, orthostatic hypotension

4
Q

Brand Name: Levemir

A

Generic Name: Insulin Detemir

Therapeutic Indication: type 1 diabetes

Dental Consideration: trouble breathing, pharyngitis

5
Q

Brand Name: Diflucan

A

Generic Name: Fluconazole

Therapeutic Indication: fungal infections

Dental Consideration: taste perversion

6
Q

Brand Name: Levaquin

A

Generic Name: Levofloxacin (le-vo-flax-uh-sin)

Therapeutic Indication: bacterial infections

Dental Consideration: none

7
Q

Brand Name: Xarelto

A

Generic Name: Rivaroxaban (Riv-uh-rox-uh-ban)

Therapeutic Indication: venous thromboembolism

Dental Consideration: increased risk of bleeding

8
Q

Brand Name: Celebrex

A

Generic Name: Celecoxib (sel-eh-Cox-ib)

Therapy indication: acute pain, inflammation and arthritis

Dental Consideration: stomatitis, xerostomia

9
Q

Brand Name: Nasonex

A

Generic Name: Mometasone

Therapeutic Indication: rhinitis, allergies (steroid)

Dental Consideration: cough, stuffy or runny nose

10
Q

Brand Name: Cipro

A

Generic Name: Ciprofloxacin

Therapeutic Indication: Bacterial infections

Dental Consideration: shortness of breath

11
Q

Which of the following is considered an adverse reaction associated with the opioids?

A) Respiratory depression

B) Constipation

C) Sedation

D) Nausea and vomiting

E) All of the above

A

E) All of the above

12
Q

In acute overdose, aceteminophen adversely affects the liver.

True

False

A

True

13
Q

Pain may be both a powerful motivator and de-motivator for patients to seek help from their dental professional.

True

False

A

True

14
Q

_____ is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience in which the body is made urgently aware of actual or _____ tissue damage.

A

Pain; potential

15
Q

Pick out the Factors that “lower” the pain threshold

A) Fear

B) Sleep

C) Depression

D) Anxiety

E) Fatigue

F) Sleep

G) Placebo Effect

A

A) Fear

C) Depression

D) Anxiety

E) Fatigue

16
Q

Which of the following factors does not “raise” the pain thresshold?

A) Sleep

B) Anxiety

C) Empathy

D) Placebo effect

A

B) Anxiety

17
Q

Chemical agents that occur naturally in the environment of pain receptors after acute tissue damage are ______ substances.

These include:

  1. adenosine
  2. adenosine triphosphate
  3. serotonin
  4. histamine
  5. bradykinin
  6. cytokines
  7. ________
A

algogenic; prostaglandins.

18
Q

Aspirin Equianalgesic doses that equal 650mg of aspirin

  • ___ mg of ibuprofen
  • ___ mg acetaminophen
  • ___ mg of naproxen
A

200mg ibuprophen

650mg acetaminophen

275mg naproxen

19
Q

Reye’s syndrome is a rare disorder that causes brain and liver damage that occurs in children with a recent viral infection. Taking _____ to treat such an infection greatly increases the risk of Reye’s syndrome.

A

aspirin

(Hepatotoxicity (from hepatic toxicity) implies chemical-driven liver damage. “Encephalopathy” means damage or disease that affects the brain.

20
Q

If a patient has a cross-sensitivity with NSAIDs, they have a _____ chance of having an allergy reaction to _____.

A

90% greater; aspirin

21
Q

Maximum daily dose of ibuprofen is ______

A

3200mg

Max effective does is 75% of the daily dose??

22
Q

Name three adverse reactions to opioid analgesics.

A
  1. Constipation (OIC)
  2. Nausea and emesis (vomiting)
  3. Dermatological reactions
23
Q

COX Inhibition Phospholipids Arachidonic Acid (COX-1) (COX-2) Physiologic Prostaglandins Pathologic Prostaglandins ????

  • GI protection
  • Pain sensitization
  • Renal protection
  • Inflammation
  • Smooth muscle relaxes
  • Leukocyte
  • Regulate blood clotting
A
24
Q

Factors that ____ the pain threshold and contribute to a lesser reaction to pain are sleep, empathy, and placebo effect.

A

raise

25
Q

__________ increase risk of overdose and toxicity.

A

Zero-order kinetics

26
Q

Adverse reactions to aspirin are ________, decreased protective prostaglandins, ________, increased gastric acid secretion, nausea and vomiting.

A

gastrointestinal ulceration; decreased protective mucous

27
Q

Contraindications for taking aspirin are _______, pregnancy, gout, ________, history of hypersensitivity, ________.

A

peptic ulcer, hemophilia, cross-sensitivity with NSAIDs

28
Q

Pharmacologic effects of NSAIDs are _____, analgesic, and ______.

A

antipyretic; anti-inflammatory

29
Q

_______ are more effective if administered before pain.

A

NSAID’s

30
Q

_______ is an adverse reaction to acetaminophen (APAP).

A

Hepatotoxicity

(because it is converted to a liver-toxic metabolite)

31
Q

APAP can cause possible liver failure with either ______ ingestion of supratherapeutic doses; or ______ ingestion of high therapeutic doses.

A

acute; chronic

32
Q

Contraindications for the use of opioid analgesics are ____, head injuries, hepatic, _____ impairment, prostatic hypertrophy, constipation.

A

Chronic respiratory disease (COPD); renal function

33
Q

Name the three main drugs that are used to treat Opiod Addiction

A
  • Vivitrol (naltrexone)
  • Sublocade (buprenorphine)
  • Suboxone (buprenorphine plus naloxone)