Quiz 9 Flashcards
(20 cards)
What hormone increases the amount of calcium absorbed by the intestine?
Calcitonin
Calcitonin is synthesized by C cells of the thyroid gland and is secreted when blood calcium levels drop too low.
Where are thyroid hormones synthesized and stored?
Follicles
The follicles are structures within the thyroid gland where thyroid hormones are produced.
What is the hypothalamic-pituitary portal system?
A collection of capillary beds and veins that transport releasing hormones
It allows the anterior pituitary to receive hormones directly from the hypothalamus.
What is the stimulus for glucagon secretion?
Low blood glucose levels
What causes Type I diabetes mellitus?
Secretion of too little insulin from the pancreas
This type of diabetes occurs when the immune system attacks insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas.
Which gland secretes follicle-stimulating hormone?
Anterior pituitary gland
Which hormone increases blood glucose levels, increases lipid breakdown, but slows protein breakdown?
Growth hormone
What does ADH (Antidiuretic Hormone) do?
Can cause blood vessels to constrict when present in the blood in large amounts
ADH is also involved in water retention by the kidneys.
What do gonadotropins regulate?
Growth, development, and function of the ovaries and testes
Removal of the anterior pituitary would affect the functioning of which gland?
Thyroid gland
What change would be most disruptive to hormone action at the target tissue?
A change in the shape of the receptor site
Where are releasing and inhibiting hormones that control anterior pituitary hormone secretion produced?
Hypothalamus
_____ are produced in response to hormonal activation of G proteins.
Secondary messengers
Which anterior pituitary hormone is most likely involved in abnormal secretion leading to weight loss and increased appetite?
GH (Growth Hormone)
What symptom would a man with an abnormally high level of melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH) exhibit?
Darkening of the skin
What change in the endocrine system results in lower levels of calcium in bones in older adults?
Increased PTH secretion
What stimulates the posterior pituitary gland to secrete hormones?
Stimulation of neurons within the hypothalamus
ACTH stimulates the _______.
Adrenal cortex
Insulin is secreted by the _______.
Beta cells of the pancreatic islets
Oxytocin is secreted by the _______.
Posterior pituitary gland
