Quiz 9 - Chordata II Flashcards
(27 cards)
lobe-finned fish is what class
sarcopterygii
Clade tetrapoda is what
bony vertebrates with four dactylous limbs
challenges to living on land (6)
support, locomotion, gas exchange, desiccation, fertilization, thermal extremes
axial skeleton is what
skull and vertebrae comprising the backbone
appendicular skeleton is what
bones of limbs and their girdles (what holds them to axial skeleton
limbs solved what to-land problems
support and locomotion
tetrapod ancestor had _ fingers on each hand, and _ toes on each foot
5, 5
muscles that work in opposites
antagonistic
orders in class amphibia
urodela, Anura
what class are frogs and toads in
class Anura
what class are salamanders in
urodela
sexually mature adults retain juvenile characteristics
paedomorphosis
characteristics of class amphibia (6)
ectothermic, respiration through lungs and gills, metamorphosis, external fertilization, one neck vertebra, three-chambered heart
ridges along side salamander bodies
costal grooves
common opening for both digestiove and reproductive tracts in salamanders
longitudinal cloacal slit (anterior-posterior direction)
many amniotes are covered in an outer layer of scales made of what
keratin, helps dessication
skull with no holes behind the orbit
anapsid (turtles)
skull with one hole behind the orbit
synapsid (mammals)
skull two holes behind the orbit
diapsid (lizards, snakes, crocs, birds)
what clade are turtles in
clade testudines
top portion of a turtle shell is called
carapace
bottom portion of a turtle shell is called
plastron (dermal bone)
scales on turtle shell are called, made of what
scutes, keratin
divert the normal flow of blood away from the lungs toward the more important organs (turtles) is called
shunting
