Quiz Answers

Question 1

Research misconduct is typically understood to mean

Answer 1

Fabricating, falsifying, or plagiarizing the results

Question 2

The two competing interests the IRB considers are

Answer 2

Gain in Knowledge and Cost to the Participants

Question 3

Nonmaleficence is best described as

Answer 3

Not doing harm to participants

Question 4

Which of the following would NOT be considered exempt from the IRB approval process?

Answer 4

Qualitative interviews with incarcerated youth

Question 5

Informed Consent is best described as

Answer 5

Informing the participant of all aspects of the study that might affect his or her decision to participate

Question 6

The difference between Active and Passive Consent is that Passive Consent

Answer 6

Requires no action to provide consent

Question 7

Debriefing serves the purpose of

Answer 7

Revealing and clarifying any deception
Eliminating any undesirable influence the experiment had
Discussing the details and purpose of the study

Question 8

Which of the following groups would likely feel the most coerced to participate in research?

Answer 8

Prisoners in a penitentiary

Question 9

The difference between a statistic and a parameter is that a statistic

Answer 9

Describes a sample

Question 10

The sampling distribution is best described as

Answer 10

The theoretical distribution of all possible samples from a population

Question 11

The standard error is:

Answer 11

the standard deviation of the sampling distribution

Question 12

A confidence interval communicates

Answer 12

The likelihood of an interval containing a parameter

Question 13

The alpha level, or level of significance, communicates

Answer 13

The cutoff for rejecting the null hypothesis

Question 14

An important drawback to directional (vs. non-directional) hypothesis-testing is

Answer 14

Inability to detect unexpected effects

Question 15

A One-Way ANOVA is used to

Answer 15

Detect mean differences using a nominal IV and an interval/ratio DV

Question 16

Post hoc tests are used to

Answer 16

Determine which means are significantly different from each other

Question 17

Chi-Square tests are used when

Answer 17

Measuring the relationship between two nominal variables

Question 18

The difference between Descriptive Statistics and Inferential Statistics is that Descriptive Statistics

Answer 18

Focus on describing a sample

Question 19

Which of the following indicates the most frequent score in the dataset?

Answer 19

Mode

Question 20

Which of the following is the LEAST informative?

Answer 20

Range

Question 21

Effect Size is best described as:

Answer 21

Magnitude of a relationship between variables or difference between means

Question 22

Which of the following correlations indicate a strong negative relationship?

Answer 22

a. -2.2
b. .2
c. -.8*
d. 2.8

Question 23

A correlation would NOT be appropriate for measuring:

Answer 23

A curvilinear relationship

Question 24

Partial Correlation is a technique that is best described as

Answer 24

Finding the correlation between two variables while controlling for one or more other variables

Question 25

The difference between Simple Regression and Multiple Regression is that Simple Regression

Answer 25

Uses only one Independent Variable and one Dependent Variable

Question 26

In a regression equation, the Y-intercept is

Answer 26

The point where the regression line crosses the y-axis

Question 27

In a regression equation, the regression coefficient or slope is

Answer 27

The change in Y given a one-unit change in X

Question 28

The difference between Qualitative and Quantitative Research is that Qualitative focuses on

Answer 28

Nonnumerical measures

Question 29

A major objective of Qualitative Research is

Answer 29

Description and understanding

Question 30

What is one possible threat to guard against in Qualitative research?

Answer 30

Researcher Bias

Question 31

Which of the following refers to using multiple methods/sources/researchers for increased validity?

Answer 31

Triangulation

Question 32

A researcher that wanted to understand the culture of gang membership in Los Angeles would be conducting a(n):

Answer 32

Ethnographic Study

Question 33

A researcher that wanted to see how factory workers process and understand the closing of their plant would be conducting a(n):

Answer 33

Phenomenological Study

Question 34

A researcher that wanted to describe the characteristics of the Trump presidency would be conducting a(n):

Answer 34

Case Study

Question 35

A Mixed-Methods Design is one that

Answer 35

Uses both Qualitative and Quantitative Methods

Question 36

Weakness Minimization Validity refers to the technique of

Answer 36

Compensating for the weakness of one approach through the use of an additional approach

Question 37

A research design with the notation “qual--->QUAN” would indicate research with the

Answer 37

Lesser priority qualitative portion first, dominant quantitative portion second

Question 38

Which of the following best summarizes the difference between a weak and a strong research design?

Answer 38

Weak research designs are unable to isolate the effect of the IV on the DV

Question 39

Which of the following designs would be considered the weakest research design?

Answer 39

One group posttest only

Question 40

Posttest-Only with Nonequivalent Groups design lacks which of the following

Answer 40

Random Assignment

Question 41

The Counterfactual in research design refers to the

Answer 41

What would have happened to the treatment group without the treatment

Question 42

The main difference between Within-Participants Design and Between-Participants Design is that Between-Participants use

Answer 42

Different people in the treatment and control conditions

Question 43

Which of the following is an advantage of using Within-Participants design over Between-Participants?

Answer 43

Within-Participants requires fewer participants

Question 44

A 2 X 4 Factorial design would have how many cells?

Answer 44

8

Question 45

One drawback to using three or four independent variables in a factorial design is

Answer 45

The need for more participants The more complex interactive terms Unwieldy research design

Question 46

Panel Studies are which type of design?

Answer 46

Longitudinal

Question 47

A Trend Study is different than a Panel Study in that Trend Studies

Answer 47

Measure different people at different time points

Question 48

Which of the following is important for a Survey Questionnaire to have?

Answer 48

Construct Validity Reliability Content Validity

Question 49

Which of the following is an example of a loaded question?

Answer 49

Do you approve of the new conservative tax reform plan?

Question 50

Which of the following is an example of a double-barreled question?

Answer 50

Do you approve of the president’s plan to cut taxes and cut spending?

Question 51

For which of the following constructs would it be important to use multiple items?

Answer 51

Happiness

Question 52

A survey item that measures how strongly someone agrees or disagrees with a statement on a scale of 1 to 5 would be using which type of scale?

Answer 52

Likert

Question 53

If participants had a tendency to agree with all of the items in questionnaire, that would be an example of

Answer 53

Response Set

Question 54

If participants had a tendency to hide their true attitudes during a questionnaire, that would be an example of

Answer 54

Social Desirability Bias

Question 55

The purpose of pilot testing is to

Answer 55

Check for confusing items Identify poorly worded questions Fix problems that participants had in answering the questions