Quiz: Cancer and Mitosis Flashcards
(18 cards)
What do Erythrocytes Cells (Red Blood Cells) do?
Carry oxygen to deliver to cells so they can complete cell respiration and make ATP
What are Chromosomes?
Organized strands of DNA coiled around histones (proteins
What is Interphase?
Cells are just doing their thing and making a copy of their DNA. G1, S, G2
What is Prophase?
DNA becomes visible, centrioles form spindle fibers, nuclear membrane begins to dissolve
What is Metaphase?
Chromosomes line up in the middle and spindle fibers attach to centromeres on each end of cell
What is Anaphase?
Spindle fibers pull chromosomes to either end of the cell
What is Telophase?
Spindle fibers dissolve and nuclear membranes begin to form around separate groups of chromosomes
What is Cytokinesis?
New cellular membranes separate the new cells. Chromosomes unwind so DNA can do its job making proteins to run the cell
What is p53?
Protein that controls cell growth; Cancer antigen-prevents uncontrolled growth; Focus of much research
How many cells do we get per day?
100 billion new cells/day
What is a Carcinogen?
-a toxin or environmental condition that causes a cell mutation making it unable to commit apoptosis -virus -radiation -chemical
What is a Tumor?
A neoplasm that is large enough to form a noticeable lump of differentiated tissue
What is a Benign?
A Tumor that is changing very slowly and is not causing immediate medical problems
What is a Invasive Tumor?
Fast growing tumor that is causing damage to surrounding tissues. May metastasize and move to other parts of the body
What is a HeLa cell?
a cell type in an immortal cell line used in scientific research; It is the oldest and most commonly used human cell line
What is the difference between a cancerous cell and a normal cell?
Normal Cells: Have DNA in their genes and chromosomes that functions normally; Divide in an orderly way to produce more cells only when the body needs them Cancer Cells: Develop an aberrant DNA or gene structure or acquire abnormal numbers of chromosomes; Continue to be created without control or order. Excess cells form a mass of tissue called a tumor
Why doesn’t Leukemia affect RBC?
RBC’s do not reproduce and are produced in the bone marrow, where stem cells are signaled to turn into a RBC White blood cells like neutrophils are also produced in the bone marrow as well, but from a multi-divisional process
What is Apoptosis?
The death of cells that occurs as a normal and controlled part of an organism’s growth or development
