Quiz four study guide Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is Instrumental suffering?
suffering is bad, but used to generate more good.
What is Intrinsic suffering?
suffering can actually be good.
What are the consequentialist theories?
Incapacitating
Deterring
Reforming
What are the Retributist theories?
Good for wrongdoers to get what they deserve
Fairness
Deserving to suffer
What are the problems with criminal punishment?
Harm it imposes on those punished
Cost to the families and friends of those who are punished
Costs to other innocent citizens.
What is Plato’s challenge?
people who are only good at winning elections often end up in charge, which can weaken the role of experts who are needed to run society properly.
What is Hobbes challenge?
Democracy is worse than monarchy because it creates conflict. Politicians try to gain power by stirring up strong emotions and dividing people, which leads to chaos among citizens who don’t act responsibly.
What is Elite theory of democracy?
Too much citizen input leads to bad laws from leaders who exploit emotions. Citizens can stop major mistakes by voting out bad leaders, but real power should stay with elites. The people’s role is to ensure peaceful transitions.
What is Interest Group Pluralism?
Each citizen cares most about issues that affect their daily life and knows those best. Democracy isn’t majority rule, but a mix of many small groups working together. It gives citizens a real role, but only in ways they can handle well.
What is Neoliberalism?
Limit elite power. Government should protect rights and let the market do the rest.
What are the two problems of neoliberalism?
People want more fairness and help than a tiny government can give
Neoliberalism ignore how private powers can control and exploit weak states.
What is Deliberative democracy?
Focus on educating the public on important issues and candidate on which they will have to vote.
What is Social justice?
distribution of resources and opportunities in a society
What is the Prioritarian theory?
priority to worst off in society
What is the Sufficiency theory ?
whether people have enough to live a good
life
What is the question of the ‘currency’ of social justice?
income and wealth
happiness or wellbeing
Resources
Advantage
What does Bourgeois equality of opportunity say?
everyone gets a fair chance, no matter who they are
What does Left liberal equality of opportunity say?
helps level the playing field so the most talented people can succeed, no matter their background
What does Socialist equality of opportunity say?
everyone ends up with the same chances, no matter how different their talents are—so outcomes come down to personal choice
What are Young’s 5 faces of Oppression?
Exploitation
Marginalization
Powerlessness
Cultural Imperialism
Violence
Define Young’s meaning of Exploitation.
when one group capitalizes on the labor of another group.
Define Young’s meaning of marginalization.
when a group is rendered invisible by the dominant group.
Define Young’s meaning of Powerlessness.
when a group is unable to significantly change their standing in society in any meaningful way.
Define Young’s meaning of Cultural Imperialism.
when a subordinate group is defined by a dominant group.
