Quiz Two Flashcards by Carrie Jacob

What are three main processor categories?

Spectrum
Time-Based
Dynamic (Amplitude)

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What is a Spectrum Processor; Example?

Affects the frequency spectrum of a signal; Ex: EQ

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What is a Time-Based Processor; Example?

Affects the timing relationship of a (unaffected) ‘Dry’ and (affected) ‘Wet’ signal; Ex: Reverb, Delay

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What is a Dynamic/Amplitude Processor; Example?

Affects of the volume of a signal; Ex: Compressors, Limiters, Expanders.

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What is a Shelving EQ?

Increases or decreases amplitude, but gradually shelves at the max level; level remains constant at all frequencies beyond that point.

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What is a Fixed Frequency EQ?

When the frequency and the bandwidth is preset, or fixed.

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What is a Graphic EQ?

fixed freq EQ; Has a series of sliders that boost or attenuate the selected frequency.

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What is a Parametric EQ?

Has continuously variable frequencies and bandwidths. It is possible to change the bandwidth curve to make it narrower or wider.

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What are three main types of Filters?

HP (High-Pass)
LP (Low-Pass)
BP (Band-Pass)

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What is a High-Pass Filter?

Removes frequencies below its cutoff frequency.

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What is a Low-Pass Filter?

Removes frequencies above its cutoff frequency.

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What is a Band-Pass Filter?

Has a bandwidth parameter to control the width(in octaves) of a passband. Cuts both, lets specified bandwidth of frequencies through.

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What are Reverb Parameters?

Pre-Delay - Slightly delaying reverb
Decay - how long reverb lasts before it dies.
Diffusion - Boosts thickness of the reverb.

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Define the term ‘Delay’.

Separate repetition from source signal; feedback adjusts how long it continues to delay

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What is Chorusing?

When a part of the signal is slightly delayed, then detuned; makes dry signal sound thicker.

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Define the term ‘Phasor’ or ‘Phase Shifter’.

Shifts the phase of different frequencies in different amounts.

What are compression Parameters?

Threshold
Ratio
Attack
Release
Gain

Define the term ‘Limiter’.

A compressor whose output always stays the same; output stays at the same volume.

Define the term ‘Sample Rate’ or ‘Sampling Frequency’.

The number of times the analog signal is sampled.

Define ‘Bit Depth/Word Length’.

32Bits; the number of bits used to represent each instantaneous measurement.

What is The Nyquist Theory?

The frequency corresponding to half the sampling rate; Example: 48kHz = 24kHz.

What is the purpose of the Crossover Network?

Divides the frequency spectrum between bass and treble. 2 way, 3 way, and 4 way speakers.

What is a Woofer?

A driver large enough to reproduce low frequencies.

What is a Tweeter?

A driver small enough to reproduce high frequencies.

What is a Passive Crossover Network?

The amplifier is placed before the crossover network, which can create distortion; Amplified together then split.

What is an Active Crossover Network?

The Crossover precedes the amplifiers. Much less distortion and better power usage. In addition the Transient Response is much better.

What are Near Field Monitors?

They are specifically designed to be listened to at a very close distance from the engineer and have a well-defined 'sweet spot'; you hear what is coming out of the speakers directly, without the room acoustics affecting it.

What are Soffit-Mounted Speakers?

'Client Pleasers'; Built into the walls of the studio, this speaker can handle very loud volumes.

What does MIDI stand for?

Musical Instrument Digital Interface

Define the term 'Monophonic'.

An instrument that can only play one voice/note at a time.

Define the term 'Threshold.'

The level where compression begins.

Define the term 'Polyphonic'.

An instrument that can play up to 16 voices/notes simultaneously.

Define the term 'Ratio'.

How much is compressed.

What are MIDI Channels?

Allows you to transmit up to 16 channels of data.

Define the term 'Attack.'

Time it takes for compression to begin.

What is the MIDI Resolution?

Scale 0-127 (128 total, as zero counts as a message. Max Velocity 127.

Define the term 'Release'.

When the signal comes down from the Threshold.

MIDI Bits protocol?

8-Bit Protocol

Define the term 'Gain'.

It controls the overall volume.