Quizzes

Question 1

Who introduced Darwin’s & Wallace’s letters to the Linnean Society?

Answer 1

Lyell and Joseph Hooker

Question 2

Why did Galen think human mandible would be in two parts?

Answer 2

Because he dissected sheep and ungulates. Human dissection taboo.

Question 3

Who proposed that populations grow geometrically, while food production only grows linearly, and that due to this problem size is limited by positive and negative checks?

Answer 3

Thomas Malthus

Question 4

How do we call Cuvier’s idea that changes in faunal assemblages are due to cyclical extinction events?

Answer 4

catastrophism

Question 5

What motivated Darwin to public?

Answer 5

A letter from Wallace proposing similar ideas.

Question 6

Which did Linne (?) include in the Anthropomorpha (Primates) incorrectly?

Answer 6

Sloths

Question 7

Darwin didnt’ describe

Answer 7

the birds of paradise of PNG

Question 8

Dr. Pangloss (Gould & Lewontin)

Answer 8

Evo biologists who see adaptation as ultimate

Question 9

Mayr, Simpson, Dobzhansky theory of evo?

Answer 9

Evo Synthesis

Question 10

Mendel’s experiments on

Answer 10

peas, bees, mice

Question 11

Gould & Eldredge’s “alternative to phyletic gradualism”?

Answer 11

punctuated equilibrium

Question 12

M. Kimura’s Neutral Theory postulates …

Answer 12

most nucleotide changes selectively neutral, determined by drift and not selection

Question 13

Evo synthesis founding daddies

Answer 13

Mayr, Simpson, Dobzhansky

Question 14

pre-Mendel inheritance theory

Answer 14

blending inheritance

Question 15

T.H. Morgan focus

Answer 15

mutation (fruit fly)

Question 16

genes might influence same trait, or multi

Answer 16

pleiotropy

Question 17

fraction of variance potentially caused by genetics

Answer 17

broad sense heritability

Question 18

what played largest role in evo of modern humans

Answer 18

genetic drift

Question 19

less than 1000 indivudals – what effects strongest evolutionary role?

Answer 19

stochastic effects

Question 20

reprod success between M/F …

Answer 20

males more variable

Question 21

4 thing Pigliucci saw as extended synthesis?

Answer 21

1. nongenetic inheritance 2. gene regulation and gene networks 3. niche construction 4. multilevel selection

Question 22

mechanisms of epigenetic inheritance

Answer 22

1. DNA methylation 2. miRNAs 3. Histone modifications

Question 23

group of genes encoding positional information in the developing embryo?

Answer 23

Hox genes

Question 24

Selection takes place … (6)

Answer 24

1. species 2. family 3. individual 4. cell 5. gene 6. group

Question 25

why PAX gene remarkable

Answer 25

conserved, protein encoded identical in all vertebrates and invertebrates

Question 26

Trinil hominin likely?

Answer 26

Erectus

Question 27

cerebral cortex in humans and other primates ...

Answer 27

about the same thickness as higher primates

Question 28

main diff between humans and other primates according to Seyfarth and Cheney?

Answer 28

theory of mind and language

Question 29

longevity according to Hawkes and Coxworth?

Answer 29

shorter telomeres ... more DHEAS

Question 30

body size and fertility in mammals ...

Answer 30

larger animals, lower fertility

Question 31

humans have ____ birth interval than chimps

Answer 31

shorter

Question 32

M1 eruption

Answer 32

later in humans

Question 33

THE KLEIBER RELATIONSHIP

Answer 33

large mammals eat less energy rich foods and smaller mammals need to eat energy rich foods

Question 34

Aiello & Wheeler: first hominin to have reduced gut size?

Answer 34

Ergaster

Question 35

Nea diet (trophic level) NOT similar to cave bear, but ...

Answer 35

Brown Bear

Question 36

According to Ruff, Turkana boy most similar to ...

Answer 36

tropical populations (body proportions ala Bergmann / Allen)

Question 37

Jablonski & Chaplin - why more melanin in low latitude populations?

Answer 37

protection against folate photolysis (?)

Question 38

what kind of creatures at high latitudes in low temps?

Answer 38

spheres with radius of 1 unit

Question 39

How is the cold tolerance (Tmin) of Neas?

Answer 39

Higher tolerance (lower Tmin) than in recent arctic pops / lower tolerance (higher Tmin) than arctic adapted animals (arctic fox)

Question 40

Biggest adaptation for Nea to deal with cold?

Answer 40

Not morphological. Cultural (clothing).

Question 41

What is true about Hypoxia?

Answer 41

Andean pops have higher arterial oxygen AND different pops adapted to high altitude hypoxia in different ways

Question 42

DAffy negative

Answer 42

Duffy negative

Question 43

explain divergence of two types of Plasmodium (malaria)

Answer 43

came from gorilla

Question 44

HLA system facts

Answer 44

Local archaic populations were adapted to pathogens in enviro / introgression allows uptake of these adaptations ; replenishes variability in the HLA system after bottleneck.

Question 45

Why more malaria resistance in Holocene?

Answer 45

exposure to malaria via agro

Question 46

Malaria resistance known as "favism" why?

Answer 46

fava beans trigger hemolysis (G6PD deficiency)

Question 47

Which pathogen NOT responsible for malaria?

Answer 47

Plasmodium humanis (?) why I forget tho.