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ANT336 Evo Anthro > Quizzes > Flashcards

Quizzes Flashcards

1
Q

Who introduced Darwin’s & Wallace’s letters to the Linnean Society?

A

Lyell and Joseph Hooker

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2
Q

Why did Galen think human mandible would be in two parts?

A

Because he dissected sheep and ungulates. Human dissection taboo.

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3
Q

Who proposed that populations grow geometrically, while food production only grows linearly, and that due to this problem size is limited by positive and negative checks?

A

Thomas Malthus

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4
Q

How do we call Cuvier’s idea that changes in faunal assemblages are due to cyclical extinction events?

A

catastrophism

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5
Q

What motivated Darwin to public?

A

A letter from Wallace proposing similar ideas.

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6
Q

Which did Linne (?) include in the Anthropomorpha (Primates) incorrectly?

A

Sloths

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7
Q

Darwin didnt’ describe

A

the birds of paradise of PNG

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8
Q

Dr. Pangloss (Gould & Lewontin)

A

Evo biologists who see adaptation as ultimate

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9
Q

Mayr, Simpson, Dobzhansky theory of evo?

A

Evo Synthesis

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10
Q

Mendel’s experiments on

A

peas, bees, mice

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11
Q

Gould & Eldredge’s “alternative to phyletic gradualism”?

A

punctuated equilibrium

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12
Q

M. Kimura’s Neutral Theory postulates …

A

most nucleotide changes selectively neutral, determined by drift and not selection

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13
Q

Evo synthesis founding daddies

A

Mayr, Simpson, Dobzhansky

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14
Q

pre-Mendel inheritance theory

A

blending inheritance

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15
Q

T.H. Morgan focus

A

mutation (fruit fly)

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16
Q

genes might influence same trait, or multi

A

pleiotropy

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17
Q

fraction of variance potentially caused by genetics

A

broad sense heritability

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18
Q

what played largest role in evo of modern humans

A

genetic drift

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19
Q

less than 1000 indivudals – what effects strongest evolutionary role?

A

stochastic effects

20
Q

reprod success between M/F …

A

males more variable

21
Q

4 thing Pigliucci saw as extended synthesis?

A
  1. nongenetic inheritance 2. gene regulation and gene networks 3. niche construction 4. multilevel selection
22
Q

mechanisms of epigenetic inheritance

A
  1. DNA methylation 2. miRNAs 3. Histone modifications
23
Q

group of genes encoding positional information in the developing embryo?

A

Hox genes

24
Q

Selection takes place … (6)

A
  1. species 2. family 3. individual 4. cell 5. gene 6. group
25
Q

why PAX gene remarkable

A

conserved, protein encoded identical in all vertebrates and invertebrates

26
Q

Trinil hominin likely?

A

Erectus

27
Q

cerebral cortex in humans and other primates …

A

about the same thickness as higher primates

28
Q

main diff between humans and other primates according to Seyfarth and Cheney?

A

theory of mind and language

29
Q

longevity according to Hawkes and Coxworth?

A

shorter telomeres … more DHEAS

30
Q

body size and fertility in mammals …

A

larger animals, lower fertility

31
Q

humans have ____ birth interval than chimps

A

shorter

32
Q

M1 eruption

A

later in humans

33
Q

THE KLEIBER RELATIONSHIP

A

large mammals eat less energy rich foods and smaller mammals need to eat energy rich foods

34
Q

Aiello & Wheeler: first hominin to have reduced gut size?

A

Ergaster

35
Q

Nea diet (trophic level) NOT similar to cave bear, but …

A

Brown Bear

36
Q

According to Ruff, Turkana boy most similar to …

A

tropical populations (body proportions ala Bergmann / Allen)

37
Q

Jablonski & Chaplin - why more melanin in low latitude populations?

A

protection against folate photolysis (?)

38
Q

what kind of creatures at high latitudes in low temps?

A

spheres with radius of 1 unit

39
Q

How is the cold tolerance (Tmin) of Neas?

A

Higher tolerance (lower Tmin) than in recent arctic pops / lower tolerance (higher Tmin) than arctic adapted animals (arctic fox)

40
Q

Biggest adaptation for Nea to deal with cold?

A

Not morphological. Cultural (clothing).

41
Q

What is true about Hypoxia?

A

Andean pops have higher arterial oxygen AND different pops adapted to high altitude hypoxia in different ways

42
Q

DAffy negative

A

Duffy negative

43
Q

explain divergence of two types of Plasmodium (malaria)

A

came from gorilla

44
Q

HLA system facts

A

Local archaic populations were adapted to pathogens in enviro / introgression allows uptake of these adaptations ; replenishes variability in the HLA system after bottleneck.

45
Q

Why more malaria resistance in Holocene?

A

exposure to malaria via agro

46
Q

Malaria resistance known as “favism” why?

A

fava beans trigger hemolysis (G6PD deficiency)

47
Q

Which pathogen NOT responsible for malaria?

A

Plasmodium humanis (?) why I forget tho.

ANT336 Evo Anthro (13 decks)

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