R4: Literary Works and Essays Flashcards by Unknown Unknown

Religion

Octave for the child Jesus as a reflection of his spiritual beliefs

Written at age 14

To the Child Jesus

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Religion

To hail Urbiztondo (a great warrior) for the successful battle against Moros under Sultan Mahumat of Jolo

The Battle of Urbiztondo

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Religion

The first sad sonnet about his painful experiences in his teenage life that led him to contemplate for the Virgin Mary

To the Virgin Mary

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Religion

Uses nature metaphors to illustrate how religion nourishes and strengthens education to spread virtue throughout society, just as an ivy relies on an elm tree for support, or as dew nourishes meadow flowers

Intimate Alliance Between Religion and Good Education

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Religion

About the triumphant entry of King Ferdinand of Aragon and Isabella II of Castile into the city of Granada, Spain

Triumphant Entry of the Catholic Monarchs into Granada

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Religion

A one-act zarzuela that wrestles with faith and doubt in a Christian convert, questioning salvation and the true path amidst the backdrop of a pagan past.

Beside the Pasig

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For the women he loved

Showcases the beauty, purity, and grace of a woman who stands out among her peers

Flowers among Flowers

Had no clear addressee

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For the women he loved

Written for Leonor Rivera as Rizal left for Spain in 1882

Goodbye to Leonor

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For the women he loved

A poem where Rizal bemoans the unrequited love he felt between him and Consuelo Ortega y Rey

To Ms. C. O. y R.

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For the women he loved

Sung by Maria Clara’s character in NMT describing the beauty of one’s homeland and the sweetness of death endured for one’s nation

Song of Maria Clara

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For the women he loved

A letter of reassurance written for his dulce extranjera (sweet foreigner) for their long distance relationship

Josephine, Josephine

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For his family

First poem written in Ateneo in honor of his mother’s birthday

My First Inspiration

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For his family

For Antonio Lopez, Narcisa’s husband (his brother-in-law), in recognition of his good deeds

Felicitation

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For his family

A declamation piece he wrote upon the request of the members of Circulo Hispano-Filipino, reminiscing his childhood

They Asked Me For Verses

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For his family

A poetic prayer that centers on a forget-me-not (a light blue spring flower) that evoked strong memories of his motherland’s beauty and resilience

This flower metaphorically reminds him of the Philippines while studying in Germany

To the Flowers of Heidelberg

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For his family

A poem driven by emotional agony towards his family’s situation back at home while in Brussels

To My Muse

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For his family

Requested by his mother as a narrative account on his tranquil life of exile in Dapitan

He lived a well-rounded life as a farmer, teacher, and merchant

My Retreat

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For his family

His most celebrated poetic tribute to the country written the night before his execution

Previously entitled but renamed by Fr. Mariano Dacanay

My Last Farewell

Mi Ultimo Adios

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For his family

A bitter attack against the friars for denying a Christian burial to a deceased Mariano Herbosa in Calamba for reasons of being affiliated to Rizal

Desecration/Profanation

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For his friends

A birthday tribute he wrote for an Ateneo rector

Al M. R. P. Pablo Ramon

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For his friends

A hymn created for the people of Lipa, Batangas to help reshape the moral and ethical values of the once Spanish-conquered society

Requested as a reaction to Spain’s passing of the 1888 Becerra Law allowing Filipinos to govern themselves and hold elections

Hymn To Labor

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For his friends

A toast (Brindis) and veiled commentary delivered in honor of Juan Luna and Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo for bagging recognition in a prestigious Madrid art exhibit

Lighting a Dark Society

Brindis

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For his friends

A witty defense of Blumentritt from the libelous attacks of his enemies

Cruelty

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For his friends

In defense of Antonio Luna who was ridiculed by Pablo Mir Deas in the El Pueblo Soberano (Barcelona newspaper)

Inconsequences

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In response to an anti-Filipino write-up by Patricio de la Escosura in an issue of La Defensa, refuting his views and redirecting the reader’s attention to the insidious influences of the friars to the country

A La Defensa

# For the country One of his works that champions education as the key to national progress, moral development, and societal freedom

Through Education, the Country Receives Light

# For the country A martial poem about the Battle of Lucena and the defeat and capture of Boabdil, the last Moorish sultan of Granada

The Captivity and Triumph

# For the country A one-act allegorical play portraying Olympian gods debating on the merits of a work that criticized colonial education while advocating for Filipino identity

Councils of the Gods

# For the country Displays a nationalistic sentiment, glorifying the beauty and allure of the Philippines through personification and natural imagery.

To the Philippines

# For the country An optimistic and powerful love song about the Philippines trying to liberate itself from Spanish injustice and bondage

Kundiman

# For the country An excerpt that Basilio recites in the EF reflective of Spanish control over Philippine domain Opposing elements chosen as representations (Spain = fire, Philippines = water) demonstrate their sheer immicsibility and inability to come together for a greater cause

Water and Fire

# For the country First article written on Spanish soil and published in the Diyaryong Tagalog as Laong Laan Established and extended his call for nationalism to his compatriots in Spain

Love of Country

# For the country A four-part socio-political commentary on the situation of the Philippines under Spanish rule that analyzed the Spanish policy as a significant hindrance to Philippine progress | Was also published in La Solidaridad

The Philippines, a Century Hence

# For the country A speech delivered at a lodge meeting for freemasons which emphasized the importance of those aforementioned concepts in achieving progress and uplifting society

Science, Virtue, and Labor

# For the country A reply to Vicente Belloc Sanchez in La Patria (Madrid newspaper), addressing allegations that the provision of reforms to the Philippines would devastate the diplomatic rule of the Catholic friars

New Facts / New Truths

# For the country An annotated work of Antonio de Morga about Spain's colonization of the country to provide context and debunk misconceptions about pre-colonical Philippine history and culture

Sucesos Delas Islas Filipinas | Events of the Philippine Islands: An Annotation

# For his countrymen A controversial Tagalog poem that was believed to be written at age 8; published posthumously

To My Fellow Children

# For his countrymen To express love and appreciation for his hometown Calamba

In Memory of My Town

# For his countrymen A poem that reveals Rizal's stance on religion and how he encourages it to leverage education by supplying intellectual and spiritual nourishment

Intimate Alliance Between Religion and Good Education

# For his countrymen An entry to the Liceo Artistico-Literario that was recognized as "impressive" by Spanish literary authorities Was the foremost literary piece to display the nationalistic belief that Filipinos were the fair hope of the fatherland *(Ang kabataan ang pag-asa ng bayan)* | First presented in UST

To the Filipino Youth | Alternatively: To The Philippine Youth

# For his countrymen A poem dedicated to Lipeños, who were working hard for the country Emphasizes the importance of labor in society Agriculture is the solution to poverty and the road to progress

Hymn to Labor

# For his countrymen Rizal’s view on the government’s land-grabbing without compensation which drew attention to farmers’ plight

The Filipino Farmers

# For his countrymen To oppose insults, charges, and accusations imposed by the Spaniards against natives that they were ignorant and depraved

The Truth For All

# For his countrymen A reply to a biased article (“old truths”) in La Patria that ridiculed Filipinos asking for reforms

Differences

# For his countrymen Denunciation of the racial prejudice of the Spanish against the brown Filipinos; instead, he conveyed his gratitude and tribute for the agony of the country

Tears and Laughters

# For his countrymen Encouraged 20 young women in Malolos who petitioned to open a night school for education to have strong moral convictions that will empower them to stand up for their rights and refuse to submit to oppressors

To the Young Women of Malolos

# For his countrymen An annotated work of Antonio de Morga about Spain's colonization of the country to provide context and debunk misconceptions about pre-colonical Philippine history and culture

Sucesos Delas Islas Filipinas | Events of the Philippine Islands: An Annotation

# For his countrymen A reply to Gov. Gen. Valeriano Weyler who upon visiting Calamba called him "ungrateful" Clarified that fighting for equality and justice should not be seen as rebellion

Ingratitudes

# For his countrymen Rationally challenged the stereotype of Filipinos being lazy, arguing that colonialism was the root cause of Filipinos' lack of motivation, such as: 1. Limited educational opportunities 2. Forced labor systems 3. A stifling social structure

Indolence of the Filipinos

# For his countrymen A letter explaining his decision to leave the Philippine and go into exile

To My Countrymen

# For his countrymen Outlined the organization’s objectives, structure, and principles; deemed as the most important writing Rizal had made during his Hong Kong stay The conception and establishment of the LLF was initially credited to Jose Ma. Basa

The Constitution of the La Liga Filipina

# For his countrymen An essay condemning the actions of the Katipunan in their attempt to stage a bloody rebellion against Spanish injustice Explained how such such approach would be counterproductive to their true goal, suggesting education to free them from domination

Rizal's Manifesto to His People

# Education Uses nature metaphors to illustrate how religion nourishes and strengthens education to spread virtue throughout society, just as an ivy relies on an elm tree for support, or as dew nourishes meadow flowers

Intimate Alliance Between Religion and Good Education

# Education One of his works that champions education as the key to national progress, moral development, and societal freedom

Through Education, the Country Receives Light

# Education A hymn written for his pupils in the town of Talisay, Dapitan, where they sang its tune by a tree that became their rendezvous to let them know that they are still capable of doing something despite the late education

Hymn to Talisay

# Education Exposed the futile conditions of elementary instruction (Spanish) in Philippine schools, a basic text medium that was discouraged for their poor effects on young students | Written as Laong Laan after his grand tour of Europe

The Town Schools of the Philippines

# For detractors and enemies Exposed Vicente Barrantes’ (A Spanish academician) ignorance on the Tagalog theatrical art

Vicente Barrantes Teatro Tagalo

# For detractors and enemies Manuscripts given to M. H. Del Pilar

Defense of the Noli

# For detractors and enemies A satire pamphlet depicting a fictional spirited dialogue between St. Augustine and Fr. Rodriguez where the former was commissioned by God to remind the latter of his stupidity so that all men may laugh at him | Written as Dimas Alang and published in Barcelona

The Vision of Fray Rodriguez

# For detractors and enemies A satirical phone call between a monk, Font (one of the priests who masterminded the banning of the Noli) and the provincial friar of the San Agustin Convent in Manila So essentially it mocks a friar chatting with a monk long-distance about banning a book Sort of predicted overseas telephonic conversations

Por Telefono

# For detractors and enemies An article containing 14 proverbs, 8 riddles, 2 poems, and puzzles

Specimens of the Tagal Folklore

# For the students Last poem written by Rizal in Ateneo A poignant tribute for his experiences and his classmates before graduation

A Farewell Dialogue of the Students

# For the students A hymn written for his pupils in the town of Talisay, Dapitan, where they sang its tune by a tree that became their rendezvous to let them know that they are still capable of doing something despite the late education

Hymn To Talisay

# For the students Exposed the futile conditions of elementary instruction (Spanish) in Philippine schools, a basic text medium that was discouraged for their poor effects on young students Written as Laong Laan after his grand tour of Europe

The Town Schools in the Philippines

# Travels A poem describing the embarkation of Ferdinand Magellan’s fleet as they set sail from Barrameda to conquer unknown lands

The Departure: A Hymn to Ferdinand Magellan's Fleet

# Travels About Juan Sebastian Elcano (Magellan’s second-in-command) who took over the voyage when his master died in Mactan

The First to Circumnavigate the World

# Travels A poem of praise to Christopher Columbus, the discoverer of America

The Heroism of Columbus

# Travels A legend in verse of the tragic life of Columbus

Great Solace in Great Misfortune

# Travels Speaks of Rizal’s homesickness despite his enjoyment of freedom abroad Being a traveller encounters a lot of obstacles but it is important how we learn to manage them

Song of the Traveller / Song of the Wanderer

# Travels Was returned to him because Diariong Tagalog had ceased publications due to lack of funds

Review of Madrid

# Travels Tackled the rewards gained by people who have traveled to many places in the world

Travels

# Travels Rizal's newspaper article exposes the brutality of Spanish prisons by comparing it to the humane conditions found in Hong Kong's longest-running colonial prison

A Visit to Victoria Gaol

R4: Literary Works and Essays Flashcards

(72 cards)