Rabies Control Program Management Flashcards
rabies
affects the CNS
causes encephalopathy/death
reservoir of rabies
wild/domesticated mammals
modes of transmission (rabies)
contact of saliva
incubation (rabies)
3-8 weeks
period of communicability
time during which infection may be transmitted directly/indirectly
period of communicability for domestic animals
3-5 days before clinical signs/Sx
stage 1
no clinical signs of illness
stage 2 (prodrome)
1st signs of clinical symptoms
Sx last 2-10 days
stage 3 (acute neurological)
hyperactivity, excitability, increased salivation
hydrophobia
2-7 days, ends w/ coma
stage 4 (coma)
last up to 14 days
stage 5
death or recovery occurs
survival is rare
Sx for animals
nonspecific
signs progress to neurological effects
death within 7 days
diagnosis (humans)
saliva
serum/spinal fluid
skin biopsies
diagnosis (animals)
brain tissue (euthanized)
Tx (humans)
Clean wound
Post-Exposure Prophylaxis (PEP):
Human Rabies Immune Globulin (HRIG)- passive immunity
Human Diploid Cell Vaccine (HDCV)- active immunity
Tx has to be given before Sx show
when are the doses for HDCV given?
days 0, 3, 7, 14
if patient is immunocompromised: 5th vaccine given on 28th day
Tx (animals)
no treatment
vaccinated animals: home quarantined 45 days
unvaccinated animals: euthanasia
prevention (rabies)
education
quarantine
animal control
pre-exposure vaccination
References
AFI 48-105 (PH Surveillance)
AFI 48-131 (Vet Health Services)
DD form 2341
