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Roentgenology > Radiation Characteristics > Flashcards

Radiation Characteristics Flashcards

1
Q

Mean energy or penetrating ability of the x-ray beam which is controlled by kilovoltage

A

Quality

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2
Q

Refers to the potential difference between two electrical charges

A

Voltage

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3
Q

Is the measurement of electrical force that causes electrons to move from the negative cathode to the positive anode

A

Voltage

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4
Q

What is the measurement of voltage?

A

Kilovolts (kV)

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5
Q

Unit of measurement used to describe the potential that drives an electrical current through a circuit

A

Volts

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6
Q

Dental radiography requires the use of how many kV?

A

65 to 100 kV

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7
Q

Is controlled by the kilovoltage peak adjustment on the x-ray control panel

A

Kilovoltage

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8
Q

Defined as the maximum or peak voltage

A

Kilovoltage peak

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9
Q

A beam that contains many different wavelengths of varying intensities that is produced as a result of varying kilovoltages occurring in the tube current

A

Polychromatic x-ray beam

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10
Q

This regulates the speed and energy of the electrons and determines the penetrating ability of the x-ray beam

A

Quality and kilovoltage peak

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11
Q

Overall darkness or blackness of a film

A

Density

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12
Q

When the kilovoltage peak is increased while other exposure factors remain constant, the resultant film exhibits an?

A

Increased density and appears darker

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13
Q

If kilovoltage is decreased, the resultant film exhibits a?

A

Decreased density and appears lighter

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14
Q

Refers to how sharply dark and light areas are differentiated or separated on a film

A

Contrast

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15
Q

What is a film with many black and white areas and a few shades of gray? What causes it?

A

High contrast film
Low kVp setting

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16
Q

What is a film with many shades of gray instead of black and white? What causes it?

A

Low contrast film
High kVp setting

17
Q

What is the range for low kVp setting?

A

65-70 kVp

18
Q

What is the range for high kVp setting?

A

≥90 kVp

19
Q

Refers to the interval of time during which x-rays are produced

A

Exposure time

20
Q

Exposure time is measured in

A

Impulses

21
Q

According to the kilovoltage peak rule, when kVp is increased by 15, exposure time should be?

A

Decreased by one-half

22
Q

According to the kilovoltage peak rule, when kVp is decreased by 15, exposure time should be?

A

Doubled

23
Q

Refers to the numbers of x-rays produced

A

Amperage

24
Q

Unit of measure used to describe the number of electrons, or current, flowing through the cathode filament

A

Ampere

25
Q

In dental radiography, the use of how many milliampere is required?

A

7-15 ma

26
Q

Regulates the temperature of the cathode filament

A

Milliamperage

27
Q

Increase in milliamperage increases the overall density of the radiograph and results in?

A

A darker image

28
Q

Decrease in milliamperage decreases the overall density of the radiograph and results in?

A

A lighter image

29
Q

When milliamperage is increased, exposure time must be?

A

Decreased

30
Q

When milliamperage is decreased, exposure time must be?

A

Increased

31
Q

The product of the quantity and quality per unit of area per unit of time of exposure

A

Intensity

32
Q

Controls the penetrating power of the x-ray beam by controlling the number of electrons produced in the x-ray tube and the number of x-ray produced

A

Intensity and Milliamperage

33
Q

The distance from the source of radiation to the patient’s skin

A

Target-surface distance

34
Q

The distance from the source of radiation to the tooth

A

Target-object distance

35
Q

The distance from the source of radiation to the receptor

A

Target-receptor distance

36
Q

According to this law, the intensity of radiation is inversely proportional to the square of the distance from the source of radiation

A

Inverse Square Law

37
Q

Are used to remove the low-energy, less penetrating, longer wavelength x-rays

A

Aluminum filters

38
Q

Increased the mean penetrating capability of the x-ray beam while reducing the intensity

A

Aluminum filters

39
Q

To reduce the intensity of the x-ray beam, aluminum filters are placed in the path of the beam inside the dental x-ray tubehead

A

Half-value layer

Roentgenology (6 decks)

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