RADIATION CHRONICLES

Question 1

• the principles of a nuclear chain reaction demo
• they take a first patent on the production of nuclear energy
• the principle of nuclear reactors was first recorded and sealed in an envelope where it remains secret during WWII

Answer 1

1939

Irene and Frederic Joliot-Curie

Question 2

discover Technetiom-99m = an is

Answer 2

1939

Emilio Segre and Glenn Seaborg

Question 3

US advisory comittee on uranium recos a program to develop an atomic bomb (later named MANHATTAN PROJ)

Answer 3

1939

Question 4

Rockfeller foundation funds the 1st cyclotron dedicated for biomedical radioisotope production at washington universityy in st louis

Answer 4

1940

Question 5

Manhattan proj formed to secretly build the atomic bomb before the nazis

Answer 5

1942

Question 6

Fermi demonsrates the 1st self sustaining nuclear chain rxn in a lab at the university of chicago

Answer 6

1942

Question 7

US drops atomic bombs on hiroshima and nagasaki

Answer 7

1942

Question 8

nuc med comes into existance when cyclotron-produced radioisotopes and nuclear radiaiton becomes available in the US

Answer 8

1935

Question 9

brother of Ernest, makes the 1st clinical therapeutic application of an artificial radionuclide whenn he uses phosphorus-32 to treat leukemia

Answer 9

1936

John H Lawrence

Question 10

discovery Iron-59

Answer 10

1937

Question 11

discover iodine-131 and cobalt-60

all isotopes currently used in nuclear medicine

Answer 11

1938

John Livinghood and Glenn Seaborg

Question 12

shared nobel prize in 1951

Answer 12

Glenn Seaborg and MacMillan

Question 13

produce lighter elemts by bombarding uranium w neutrons

Answer 13

1938
Otto Hahn and Fritz Strassman

Irene Joliot-Curie and Pavle Savichnotice same

Question 14

recognized it as splitting atoms = fission

Answer 14

Lise Meitner and Oto Frisch

Question 15

won a nobel prize in 1944

Answer 15

Otto Hahn

Question 16

nobel prize for production of elements by neutron irradiation

Answer 16

1938

Question 17

invents the Geiger counter form measuring radioactivity

Answer 17

1913

Hans Geiger

Question 18

publishes the 1st study on the intravenous injection of radium for therapy of various diseases

Answer 18

1913

Frederick Proesher

Question 19

discovered and named proton

Answer 19

1920

Question 20

boston physician

first uses radioactive tracers to diagnose heart disease

Answer 20

1927

Herman Blumgart

Question 21

discovers neutron

won nobel 1935

Answer 21

1932

James Chadwick

Question 22

publish the production od high speed light ions without use of high voltages

its a milestone in the production of quantities and radionuclides

Answer 22

1932
Ernest Lawrence (1939 nobel)
and M Stanley

Question 23

discover artificial radioactivity

1935 nobel prize for 1st artificial radioactive isotope

Answer 23

1934

Irene and Frederich Joliot-Curie

Question 24

discovers electron

Answer 24

1897

J.J Thompson

Question 25

discover the 1st radioactive elements (radium and polonium)

Answer 25

Marie and Pierre Curie 1898

Question 26

concludes rad can be divided into 2 types: alpha and beta rays (nobel prize 1908)

Answer 26

1899 | Ernest Rutherford

Question 27

observes another type of rad - gamma rays | nobel 1903 shared w becq

Answer 27

1900 | Pierre Curie

Question 28

relationship of mass and energy

Answer 28

1905 Albert Einstein (nobel prize 1919 for discovery of photoeffect)

Question 29

atom is empty space and identifies the atomic nucleus

Answer 29

1911 | Ernest Rutherford

Question 30

conceives the idea of using RADIOTRACERS applied later to medical dx

Answer 30

1911 George de Hevesy (nobel 1943)

Question 31

intro first atom model the mini solar system

Answer 31

1913 | Niels Bohr

Question 32

burns from deliberate exposure of a finger to xrays

Answer 32

late 1896 | Elihu Thomsom

Question 33

hair fell out and scalp became inflamed and ulcerated

Answer 33

Edisons assistant

Question 34

expo on hand | cut 2 fingers

Answer 34

1873-1910 | Mihran Kassabian

Question 35

radiographer (1898) held nervous patient and children w unprotected hands controlled the degree of hardness of the xrt by placing her hand behind the screen after 6monts strong flushing and swellings of hands fing whole arm ampu dob. shadoq left side of thorax large wound front and back died 22 oct 1916

Answer 35

Sister Blandina | 1871-1916

Question 36

``` 1st radt tx woman 50 w breast ca 18 daily 1 hr irradiation condition was relieved died shortly fterwards from metastases ```

Answer 36

jan 29 1896

Question 37

xlight kills | no practical danger from xray

Answer 37

william rollins | 1901

Question 38

early protectice suit

Answer 38

lead glasses filters tube shieldin early personal dosemeters

Question 39

development of remote afterloading systems which allow the rad to be delivered froma shielded safe

Answer 39

1950 and 1960s

Question 40

canadian medical physicist sent req to the NRC askng them to produce co 60 for use in cobalt therapy unit prototype

Answer 40

1949 | dr. harold e. johns

Question 41

worlds 1st ca tx with co 60 took place at victoria hospital for a 43 yr old cervical ca pt

Answer 41

oct 27 1951