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Trauma and Orthopedics YR3 > Radiograph interpretation - Uni day 01/03 > Flashcards

Radiograph interpretation - Uni day 01/03 Flashcards

1
Q

What is diaphysis?

A
  • Forms longest part of bone
  • Known as the shaft
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2
Q

What is metaphysis?

A
  • Wide portion of bones either side of the diaphysis
  • Where bone growth occurs
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3
Q

What is the epiphysis?

A
  • Rounded ends of long bones
  • Contributes to the joint
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4
Q

What is the physis?

A
  • Ossifies once skeleton matures
  • Known as growth plate
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5
Q

What is apophysis?

A
  • Site of tendon attachment
  • Eventually ossifies
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6
Q

What is sesamoid?

A
  • Bone which ossifies within a tendon
  • eg patella
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7
Q

Imagine knee joint and label parts of bone

A
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8
Q

Two parts of bone

A
  • Cortex - dense compact bone, outermost layer is called periosteum, inner most layer endosteum
  • Medulla - central cavity contains bone marrow, composed of fat which is less dense compared to cortical bone
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9
Q

Trauma radiograph checklist

A
  • Patient info
  • Bone and joint alignment
  • Joint spacing
  • Cortical outline
  • Soft tissues

PASCS

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10
Q

Why is patient information important when reviewing x-ray?

A
  • Appearances of bones and joints change with age
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11
Q

Things to comment on about joint/bone alignment

A
  • Loss of alignment can be due to a fracture or joint dislocation
  • Joints can be partially subluxed or completely dislocated
  • Soft tissue injuries are difficult to interpret on x-ray
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12
Q

Joint spacing changes x-ray

A
  • Widening from dislocation?
  • Arthritis = narrowing
  • Use other joints for comparison
  • Joint spacing varies with age
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13
Q

How to look for fractures

A
  • Trace around cortical outline of bone
  • Most fractures cause some cortical disruption - luscent or sclerotic
  • THERE MAY BE MORE THAN ONE
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14
Q

Principles of interpreting x-rays

A
  • check all views - minimum of two
  • Compare with opposite side
  • Compare to previous imaging
  • Review clinical information
  • Review whole radiograph
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15
Q

How to describe a fracture

A
  • Location
  • Morphology
  • Displacement
  • Angulation
  • Joint involvement

Look more deeply at joints

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16
Q

How to describe location

A
  • Proximal, middle or distal third
  • Proximal or distal epiphysis, and metaphysis or diaphysis
17
Q

How to describe morphology of fracture

A
  • Transverse
  • Longitudinal
  • Oblique
  • Spiral
  • Impacted
  • Comminuted
18
Q

How to describe displacement

A
  • Undisplaced
  • Partial displacement
  • Complete displacement
  • Foreshortened
  • Distracted
19
Q

How to describe angulation

A
  • Always describe where distal part is in relation to proximal part
20
Q

How to describe joint involvement

A
  • Extra-articular
  • Proximal intra-articular
  • Distal intra-articular
21
Q
A

Trauma and Orthopedics YR3 (41 decks)

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