Radiographs

Question 0

Radiographs are used to assess Presence of…

Answer 0

All teeth

Supernumarie

Missing teeth

Ectopic

Cysts

Question 1

What are we assessing when using radiographs in ortho?

Answer 1

To support or supplement our clinical findings

3 P’s

Presence

Pathology

Position

Question 2

Radiographs are used to asses position of…

Answer 2

Skeletal relations

Primary and secondary teeth

Superbumaries

Ectopic

Question 3

What pathology can be assessed on X-rays?

Answer 3

Resorption

Perio

Trauma

Cysts

Question 4

How must the head be positioned in a ceph?

Answer 4

Frankfort plane is horizontal

Question 5

How can you ensure the patients head is positioned so that the Frankfort plane is horizontal ?

Answer 5

Place a mirror in front and ask pt to look down into own eyes This is the natural head position

Question 6

When are Cephs mainly taken?

Answer 6

To assess the skeletal relationship in pt who have an underlying skeletal discrepancy

2D assessment of the upper and lower jaws relative to the cranial base and each other

Where AP movement of incisors are planned

Implant planning

Identify ectopic teeth

Orthognathic

Question 7

What is the average SNA angle?

Answer 7

82 +/- 3

Question 8

What is the average angle for SNB?

Answer 8

79 +/- 3

Question 9

What is the average angle for ANB?

Answer 9

3 +/-2

Question 11

What is the UIA (upper incisor apex) to MxPlane?

Answer 11

109 +/- 6

Question 11

What is the IIA?

Answer 11

Inter incisal angle

135 +/- 10

Question 12

What is the LIA (lower incisor apex) to ManPlane?

Answer 12

93 +/- 6

Question 13

What is the MMPA angle?

Answer 13

27 +/-4

Question 14

What is the gonion?

Answer 14

The most inferior, posterior and lateral point on the angle of symphysis/ external angle of the mandible

Question 15

What line is drawn between the ANS and PNS (posterior nasal spine) ?

Answer 15

Maxillary plane

Question 16

What is the menton?

Answer 16

Lowest point on the mandible

Question 17

What is the orbitale?

Answer 17

Most inferior and anterior point on margin of orbit

Question 18

With is the porion?

Answer 18

Upper and outermost point on the bony EAM

Question 19

What is a lateral ceph?

Answer 19

True lateral view of the facial bones, base of skull, soft tissues and upper cervical spine It is standardised in relation to the X-ray source and central ray which enables comparison and super imposition

Question 20

How far is the head postponed from the xray film in a lateral ceph?

Answer 20

1ft

Question 21

How far is the tube from the film?

Answer 21

6ft

Question 22

How much magnification is obtained with a film positioned 6ft from the source?

Answer 22

10%

Question 23

What is the effective dose for a lateral ceph?

Answer 23

1-3mSv

Question 24

How can you trace lateral Cephs?

Answer 24

By hand Computerised

Question 25

When would you take an X-ray in young patients at the start of treatment?

Answer 25

Dental development Development symmetrical Dental health Canines Skeletal discrepancies Considering interception ortho

Question 26

When would you take an X-ray in teen patients at the start of treatment?

Answer 26

Check dental development Symmetrical development Canines Dental health Planning active ortho

Question 27

What reasons would you take mid treatment radiographs?

Answer 27

Root position: parallelism , potential implant sites Root pathology Ortho treatment changes Surgical planning Growth changes

Question 28

What are the reasons for taking post treatment radiographs?

Answer 28

Ortho relapse Surgical relapse Assessing previous resorption NOT COMMON