Radiography Review Test 1

Question 1

What is the name of a regulation established by a government body

Answer 1

laws

Question 2

what are generally accepted customs of right living called

Answer 2

morals

Question 3

who established the code of ethics for radiologic technologists

Answer 3

ARRT

Question 4

what do the initials DNR stand for

Answer 4

Do Not Resesitate

Question 5

what are the initials for the law that protects the confidentiality of patients

Answer 5

HIPAA

Question 6

if you choose someone to make medical decisions for you in the event that you are unable to make decisions for yourself that person is known as your

Answer 6

healthcare proxy

Question 7

what is the fastest form of tv camera used in fluoroscopy

Answer 7

CCD

Question 8

the formula for the transformer law for voltage is

Answer 8

VS NS
— = —-
VP NP

Question 9

the amount of scatter radiation vs the amount of good radiation that a grid lets pass is known as grid

Answer 9

selectivity

Question 10

restraining a pt w/out a doctors orders is considered

Answer 10

false imprisonment

Question 11

if you physically force a pt to submit to an exam you may be arrested for

Answer 11

battery

Question 12

the tendency of barium sulfate to clump and come out of suspension is called

Answer 12

flocculation

Question 13

when you are setting up a myelogram and you explain the procedure to a competent pt of legal age. Then you have them sign a document agreeing to the procedure. You are receiving

Answer 13

informed consent

Question 14

what is the difference between medical and surgical asepsis

Answer 14

medical-a reduction in the amount of infectious agents

surgical-preventing contamination before during and after surgery using sterile tech

Question 15

what is the technique that is used to keep objects utilized in certain procedures free from contamination

Answer 15

sterile technique

Question 16

what is the general term used to describe any disease causing organism

Answer 16

pathogen

Question 17

this is an infection resulting from the activities of physicians

Answer 17

introgenic

Question 18

this is an infection originating in the hospital

Answer 18

nosocomial

Question 19

a mosquito that spreads malaria to a human is an example of a

Answer 19

vector

Question 20

what are the 4 things needed to complete the cycle of infection

Answer 20

host
infectious microorganism
method of transmission reservoir

Question 21

if you do not disinfect a cassette after using it on a pt. with a communicable disease that cassette may spread the disease by serving as a

Answer 21

fomite

Question 22

this is the name for the practice of treating every patient as if they were potentially infectious

Answer 22

universal procautions/standard procautions

Question 23

what is the name of the form of precaution which is designed to prevent you from harming pt with suppressed immune systems

Answer 23

neutropenic precaution

reverse

Question 24

at what apps. point is your center of gravity

Answer 24

S2

Question 25

a sudden drop in blood pressure when a person goes from supine to erect is known as

Answer 25

orthostatic hypotension

Question 26

what type of shock does a person go into when having an allergic reaction to contrast media

Answer 26

anaphylactic shock

Question 27

what is urticaria

Answer 27

hives

Question 28

name one side effect a pt may experience upon being injected with contrast media

Answer 28

metal taste in mouth

Question 29

this is the term for a plant of animal that harbors or nourishes another organism

Answer 29

host

Question 30

name a type of positive contrast agent

Answer 30

Barium

Question 31

Is barium a water soluble contrast agent

Answer 31

No

Question 32

what are the 2 catagories of iodinated contrast

Answer 32

Ionic and nonionic

Question 33

what does the word contraindication mean

Answer 33

condition that serves as a reason to w/hold medical treatment

Question 34

what is the term used to describe a sudden swelling at an injection site caused by the contrast leaking out of the vein

Answer 34

extravasation

Question 35

what is the name for the process of the boilingh off of electrons at the filament

Answer 35

thermonic emission

Question 36

what is another name for an electron cloud

Answer 36

space charge

Question 37

what is the normal spinning speed for an anode to reach before an x-ray can be taken

Answer 37

3000 RPM's

Question 38

what % of the electrons from the cathode are converted into heat upon striking the anode

Answer 38

99%

Question 39

what is the name of the area of the anode that is struck by electrons

Answer 39

focal spot

Question 40

x-ray photons are created at the anode through 2 different interactions. What are the names of those 2 interaction

Answer 40

Brems and characteristic

Question 41

which of these 2 target interactions is most common

Answer 41

Brems

Question 42

all interactions in the tube occur w/in _ mm of the surface of the target

Answer 42

0.5

Question 43

what is the distance between any 2 successive points on a wave known as

Answer 43

wavelength

Question 44

what is the name for the # of waves that pass a particular point in a given time frame

Answer 44

frequency

Question 45

what is the max height of the wave known as

Answer 45

amplitude

Question 46

are frequency and wavelength directly or inversely proportional

Answer 46

inversely

Question 47

what are the 3 prime factors

Answer 47

mAs, kV, distance

Question 48

what is the primary controlling factor for the quality of the x-ray beam

Answer 48

kV

Question 49

what is the primary controlling factor for the quantity of the x-ray beam

Answer 49

mAs

Question 50

what is the formula for the inverse square law

Answer 50

I1 (D2)2 --- = ------ I2 (D1)2

Question 51

What is the name of the x-ray beam after it exits the tube and before it enters the pt

Answer 51

primary beam

Question 52

What is the name of the x-ray beam after it leaves the pt on the way to striking the image receptor

Answer 52

exit

Question 53

this is an interaction with matter in which a weak x-ray photon puts an Atom in an excited state and the atom stabilizes itself by releasing a secondary x-ray photon

Answer 53

coherent

Question 54

this is an interaction with matter in which an x-ray is absorbed while removing an inner shell electron from an atom. This creates a cascading effect as the atom fills the hole w/an electron from an outer shell. A secondary x-ray photon is released during this interaction

Answer 54

PE

Question 55

this is an interaction with matter in which an x-ray photon strikes and removes an outer shell electron. The photon is then knocked in a different direction than its original course

Answer 55

compton

Question 56

what are the 2 types of interactions with matter that create noticeable differences on our image

Answer 56

compton and PE

Question 57

what are the 2 types of interactions with matter that occur above the diagnostic range

Answer 57

Pair production and photodisintegration

Question 58

what is the word used to describe the absorption of some x-rays as the photons pass through matter

Answer 58

attenuation

Question 59

which end of the x-ray tube has a negative charge

Answer 59

cathode

Question 60

what is the name for a tube that has 2 filaments

Answer 60

dual focus tube

Question 61

what i the purpose of having the anode rotate

Answer 61

dissapate heat

Question 62

of what 2 materials is the surface of the anode composed

Answer 62

tungston-rhenium

Question 63

the range of SIDs at which a focused grid may be used is called its

Answer 63

focal range

Question 64

what part of the tube isactually located outside of the glass housing

Answer 64

stator

Question 65

spatial resolution in film/screen systems is measured in

Answer 65

line pair per mm

Question 66

KVP accuracy used to be measured w/a _ now a _ is used

Answer 66

Penetrometer | digital kVp meter

Question 67

what is the preferred tool for measuring focal spot size

Answer 67

slit camera

Question 68

what are the 3 principal parts of every x-ray system

Answer 68

x-ray tube operating console high voltage generator

Question 69

what part of the x-ray circuitry works by self induction

Answer 69

autotransformer

Question 70

what is the most common form of exposure timer

Answer 70

electronic timers

Question 71

what works on mutual induction and has more coils in its secondary side than on its primary side

Answer 71

step up transformer

Question 72

what changes the alternating current to direct current in the x-ray circuit

Answer 72

voltage rectifier

Question 73

what% voltage ripple does single phase power have

Answer 73

100%

Question 74

what % voltage ripple does a high frequency generator have

Answer 74

1%

Question 75

what are the principle disadvantages of an aperture diaphragm

Answer 75

focal spot blur

Question 76

what do the initials PBL stand for

Answer 76

Primary beam limitation

Question 77

what does PBL do

Answer 77

sets the collimator to film size

Question 78

what type of x-ray is a form of dynamic imaging

Answer 78

fluoroscopy

Question 79

the ratio of the square of the diameter of the input phosphor to the square of the diameter of the output phosphor is called

Answer 79

MINIFICATION gain

Question 80

what is the formula for brightness gain

Answer 80

minification gain x flux gain

Question 81

of what is the input phosphor made

Answer 81

cesium iodide

Question 82

what part of the image intensifier convers visible light to electrons

Answer 82

photocathode

Question 83

what part of the image intensifier foecuses electrons to the output phosphor

Answer 83

electrostatic lenses

Question 84

what is the most commonly used tv camera in fluoroscopy

Answer 84

vidicon

Question 85

in the x-ray circuit the _ makes adjustments if the incoming voltage from Florida Power is not correct

Answer 85

line volt compensator

Question 86

AEC reproducibility should be checked how often

Answer 86

semi annually

Question 87

what is the main purpose of a radiographic grid

Answer 87

increase the contrast

Question 88

of what material are the radiolucent strips made of a grid

Answer 88

alumunium, sometimes fiber

Question 89

a grid should be used whenever the body part being x-rayed exceeds _ cm in thickness

Answer 89

10

Question 90

a grid should be used whenever the kV bing used is above

Answer 90

60

Question 91

what is defined as the # of lead strips per inch on a grid

Answer 91

grid frequency

Question 92

the exposure timer should be accurate to w/in _% of the timer set at the control panel

Answer 92

5%

Question 93

what is defined as the ratio of the height of the lead strips to the distance between the lead strips

Answer 93

grid ratio

Question 94

the relationship between the actual and effective focal spot is described by the

Answer 94

line focus principal

Question 95

which is larger the actual or effective focal spot

Answer 95

actual

Question 96

SID indicators must be accurate to w/in _% of the indicated SID

Answer 96

2%

Question 97

reproducibility of radiation output from one x-ray to another should not exceed _% intensity change

Answer 97

5%

Question 98

the max. acceptable variation in linearity between mA stations is _%

Answer 98

10%

Question 99

this device causes the grid under the table to reciprocate

Answer 99

potter bucky diaphragm

Question 100

the ratio of light photons at the output phosphor to the # of x-rays at the input phosphor is called

Answer 100

flux gain