radiology

Question 0

what are different types of imaging used of?

Answer 0

to visualize different tissues and structures in the body

Question 1

what is medical imaging used for?

Answer 1

-produce diagnostic images of organs and tissues within the body

Question 2

what are radioactive ions and radiation used for besides imaging?

Answer 2

-also used to treat medical condition such as cancer and hyperthyroidism

Question 3

What are radiograps used for? what is the level of radiation that this uses?

Answer 3

• used to look for broken bones or cancer (bone look more white because absorb more)
• uses high level of radiation that penetrates through skin and tissue but not through bones (produces a radiograph=x-ray)
• NOTE: most common medical imaging

Question 4

What does high levels of radiation lead to? and how can you protect yourself from it?

Answer 4

• overexposure can lead to cancer

- lead coverings are used to protect body parts

Question 5

Describe fluoroscopy?

Answer 5

• uses a continuous beam of x-rays to show movement of organs (stomachs, intestines, heart)
• pts usually has to ingest barium or iodide

Question 6

What is fluoroscopy used for?

Answer 6

• study blood vessels of the heart and brain (called angiograms) a dye can be injected into the artery in the groin, allowing MDs to see blood flow
• CAN HELP PREVENT HEART ATACKS AND STROKES

Question 7

Describe ultrasound imaging?What is it mainly used for?

Answer 7

• high frequency sound waves
• a transducer is placed on the skin and produces sound waves that enter the body and reflect back
• used for tissues and soft organs
• most frequently used for developing fetus

Question 8

why is ultrasound not used on bones and GI tract?

Answer 8

• because the sound cannot penetrated the bones

- the bubbles in the GI tract can distort the image

Question 9

Does ultrasound use radiation?

Answer 9

no, it uses sound waves

Question 10

what are other uses of ultrasound?

Answer 10

• used for amniocentesis, the image is used to direct a needle into the amniotic fluid (to detect abnormalities in fetuses)
• used for Dx of heart problems, used in conjunction with EKG (abnormalities of heart or blood vessels)

Question 11

Describe computer assisted tomography (CAT)?

Answer 11

-uses x-ray equipment to produce 3-D images by taking a series of 2-D pictures from different angles and putting them together to make 3-D

Question 12

What are CAT scans used for and where?

Answer 12

• Dx of cancer, skeletal abnormalities, vascular diseases
• can be used for imaging bone, soft tissue, and blood vessels
• used in ERs because it is quick and provides detailed information

Question 13

Does CAT scan use radiation?

Answer 13

yes, a very high dose

Question 14

Describe magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)? How does it work?

Answer 14

• uses powerful magnets and radio waves to produce detailed images of the body
• magnetic field reacts with hydrogen atoms from water in tissues: allows for specialized computer to create images

Question 15

Where tissues are MRI most used on?

Answer 15

• to look at structures and functions of: brain, liver, soft tissues, and inside of bones
• used for Dx cancers, brain diseases, and cardiovascular conditions

Question 16

What is the importance of the MRI

Answer 16

one of the biggest break throughs because it is very detailed, doesn’t use radiation but VERY expensive

Question 17

Describe positron emission tomography (PET)

Answer 17

nuclear medicine that uses radioisotopes that emit particles call positrons

Question 18

What is the PET scan most commonly used for?

Answer 18

detect cancer in tissues, heart disease and some brain disorders (alzheimer’s disease, ADAD in children)
-uses iodine

Question 19

Describe nuclear medicine?

Answer 19

• uses radioisotopes (radioactive isotopes) to provide images of how tissues and organs function
• produces radiation and is attached to a chemical that is absorbed by the body
• as the isotopes emits radiation, a special camera and computer detect it and produce an image

Question 20

What is nuclear medicine used for?

Answer 20

• Dx cancer, investigate blood circulation and evaluate organ disorders
• used for treating some cancers (prostate, thyroid, or breast cancer)

Question 21

What is radiotherapy? and how does it work?

Answer 21

• the use of x-rays to treat cancers
• x-rays damage the DNA of the cancer cells, either killing them or preventing them from multiplying
• beams of x-rays are directed at the tumor so it doesn’t damage surrounding tissues
• NOTE: used with other methods (chemo and surgery) for Tx of cancer