Raleigh and Virginia Flashcards
(36 cards)
Who was Walter Raleigh?
he was born in a gentry family
became an explorer and courtier
writer and historian and is associated with popularising tobacco in England
What did Elizabeth do in 1584?
he gave a gran to Walter to explore and settle in North America
There were already 2 failed attempts which made it harder
What did Raleigh need to do to get people to move to these lands?
He needed a lot of money
encourage potential colonist to move from their homes
Why was Raleigh significant?
organised and raised funds for establishment of an English colony
promotes voyages and persuaded people to live in Virginia
appointed the governor or Virginia
developed a “blue print”
How was Virginia promoted?
He sent a fact finding expedition to Virginia in 1584
explorer went to barter (traded goods for other goods)
the Indians were friendly
Who were Manteo and Wanchese?
they were 2 native american Indians who were bought back to England in 1584
Thomas Harriot learned their language and made an English-Algonquian dictionary and taught them English
they also helped the first English colonist to establish contact with their people
How were fund raised?
Native Americans would barter simple things
colony provide work for English cloth markers and merchants
colony would provide exotic material (gold,tobacco)
How did Elizabeth 1 help?
She suggested the land should be called after her
she gave him a ship
gunpower worth £400
this encouraged other courtiers to invest
What did Raleigh promise investors/how did he help?
he promised he would take any Spanish ship he came across and their cargoes
he invested a lot of his own money
Who was going to go to Virginia?
300 colonist landowners,farmers and artisans(blacksmiths, carpenters) hunters and fisherman clergy soldiers
When were they going to sail to Virginia?
had to set sail in enough time for sowing crops
BUT they cant go with out enough colonist
What supplies were needed?
enough food t get across the Atlantic ocean fresh water to the voyages tools and raw material for artisans farming implements salt for preserving food weapons
What ships did they need?
big enough to carry colonist and supplies
well armed in case of an attack by Spanish or pirates
What were the other consideration taken place?
colonist could be attacked because Spain controls Caribbean and Florida
animals need to be bought in the Caribbean
building shelter when they arrive
Queen said Walter couldn’t go so who would lead the voyage
Did they find the colonists and soldiers?
only 107 colonist came and Walter needed 300 they were all men
almost half were soldiers but there were landowners and a mathematician
only reason they went was because they thought they would get fortunes
Why did Walter not go on the voyage to Virginia?
Elizabeth thought it was to dangerous for him to go she didn’t want to lose her favourite courtier
she wanted him to stay in case Spain invaded
Who was Richard Grenville?
Expedition commander very experienced sailor and solider adventurous hot headed did not get on with Ralph Lane known to be feared then loved
Who was Ralph Lane?
Governor of Virginia expert on fort building explorer and a battle hardened solider enjoyed hardship and pitting his wites against nature with "can do" nature He was chosen to lead the expedition
Why was Thomas Harriot a consideration to lead the voyage?
he was a translator and cartographer
Worked with Manteo and Wanchese
understood navigation
skilled at making maps
When were the ships sent?
9 April 1585 and one of them landed in late 1585
with several weeks ahead of them but it was already too late for planting some crops their needed for winter
Why was the colonisation of Virginia significant?
provided England with base from which to attack Spain’s colonies in the New world
What did England want when they went to Virginia?
Rival Spain’s overseas empire and undermine its influence in the new world
so native Americans would turn to England settlers for trade or to help them against Spain
Why did the first colonisation fail?
Colonist left England to late to reach Virginia in time to plant crops
before they arrived many were ill
climate was hit which made food rot
How did the ship TIGER affect the colonisation?
It became damaged a breach in the hull let sea water ruin the food including seeds for planting
only thing edible was the peas and beans
they were now dependent on Native Americans food
