Random HY Flashcards
Transfusion related acute respiratory distress, fever, chills, hypotension, general PRURITUS, BACK PAIN pain at the IV site are suggestive of:
acute hemolytic transfusion reaction (AHTR)
An adverse effect of transfusion of blood products characterized by acute-onset,
NONcardiogenic pulmonary edema.
Manifests with dyspnea, hypoxemia, HYPOtension, and fever that typically occurs within 6 hours after transfusion.
transfusion-related acute lung injury (TRALI)
get CXR
A transfusion reaction in which patients develop pulmonary EDEMA as a result of volume overload. Typically occurs when a large amount of blood products are transfused rapidly. Risk factors include a history of underlying cardiovascular or renal disease.
Px with HTN, respiratory distress, and hypoxia within 6 hours of transfusion, with signs of pulmonary edema on examination and imaging.
transfusion-associated circulatory overload (TACO)
get CXR
____ should be obtained in patients with suspected transfusion-associated sepsis, which can manifest with fever, chills, respiratory distress, tachycardia, and hypotension.
Blood cultures
Transfusion related respiratory distress, hypotension, and tachycardia, and wheezing
anaphylactic transfusion reaction
screen for selective IgA deficiency
Measurement of ___, can be performed in patients with anaphylactic transfusion reactions.
anti-IgA antibodies & IgA levels
*selective IgA deficiency
hemodynamically unstable patient presents with hypotension
distant heart sounds
and JVD
pulsus paradoxus (absent pulse during inspiration),
and chest pain indicate (Dx)
cardiac tamponade
Tx: Pericardiocentesis
tacrolimus side effects include hyperkalemia, hypertension, glucose intolerance, neurotoxicity, and
nephrotoxicity
like cyclosporin
Manifests with recurrent episodes of monoarthritis (Knees & Wrist) typically self-limited.
Radiographic findings include Chondrocalcinosis and degenerative changes (subchondral cysts) in affected joints.
calcium pyrophosphate deposition (CPPD) disease (pseudogout)
Rhomboid calcium pyrophosphate crystals with +birefringence (synovial fluid)
a medial popliteal mass that disappears upon flexion of the knee (when the joint space is widened) and increases in extension of the knee
Popliteal cyst (Baker cyst)
Risk factors: knee trauma, OA, RA
The combination of ____ is the preferred three-drug regimen for HIV post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP)
raltegravir (or dolutegravir)
tenofovir
emtricitabine
prevents bone resorption by acting as an estrogen aGonist in the BONE.
& estrogen anTagonist qualities in the BREAST and ENDOMETRIUM
Raloxifene
epigastric pain that improves with food intake, which suggests a
duodenal ulcer
The most common location for peptic ulcer perforation is the _______ which usually perforate into the _____
anterior duodenum
peritoneal cavity
Perforated ulcers in the _____ tend to cause massive _____ from the adjacent gastroduodenal artery
posterior duodenum
bleeding (hematemesis)
A high-pitched, holosystolic murmur at the apex with radiation to the back and higher intensity with increased systemic vascular resistance (hand grip, squatting) in a patient with exertional dyspnea is characteristic of
mitral regurgitation
LA dilation on echo
PCV13 vaccine is currently recommended for all individuals ≥ __ years with an immunocompromising condition (CLL, chemotherapy) and should be followed by the pneumococcal polysaccharide vaccine 23 (PPSV23) at least 8 weeks later.
65
Femoral arteriovenous fistula following femoral artery catheterization manifest with
groin bruit
Femoral artery pseudoaneurysm following femoral artery catheterization manifest with pain in the groin and
a pulsatile mass, and a systolic bruit over the swelling
get a Duplex ultrasonography
Post Afib treatment with Warfarin can cause what skin finding?
Reduced levels of protein C results in a transient state of hypercoagulability → risk of thrombosis and warfarin-induced SKIN NECROSIS.
worsening diarrhea shortly after starting chemotherapy, suggests chemotherapy-induced diarrhea (CTID).
TX
Loperamide (1st)
Octreotide (2nd or septic)
Gastric ulcer worse with food. Most Common Cx is
GI bleed
not perforation
What neuro finding is intact in ALS?
2
Sensation to pinprick and vibration
Why does diabetic nephropathy present with hyperfiltration of kidneys?
(aka increased microalbuminuria:Cr)
Non-enzymatic glycosylation (NEG)
