Random stuff

Question 1

What is Bouveret Syndrome?

Answer 1

Duodenal obstruction by a gallstone!

(ie during a cholecysto-doudenal fistula)

Question 2

What is Poland Syndrome?

Answer 2

Missing pectoralis major and ***

Question 3

Marchiafava-Bignami Disease

Answer 3

Marchiafava-Bignami disease (MBD) is a rare CNS disorder usually seen in the context of alcoholism and malnutrition. The condition classically involves the corpus callosum with necrosis and demyelination.

Question 4

Susac Syndrome

Answer 4

Susac syndrome (SS), also known as SICRET syndrome (small infarctions of cochlear, retinal and encephalic tissue), is a rare syndrome typically affecting young to middle-age women that is clinically characterised by the triad of acute or subacute encephalopathy, bilateral sensorineural hearing loss, and branch retinal arterial occlusions.

Characteristic radiographic features are present even if all components of the clinical triad have not yet manifested 11. There tend to be multiple, small white matter lesions which have a predilection for the corpus callosum.

Characteristic lesions described on radiopedia!

Question 5

General DDx Etiologies!

Answer 5

• Infection
• Inflammation
• Neoplastic
• Metabolic
• Anatomic/Embryologic/Genetic

Question 6

DDx for ocular calcifications and a small globe?

Answer 6

Entities that involve calcification of a SMALL globe including retinopathy of prematurity, Coat’s disease and phthisis bulbi. This helps differentiate retinoblastoma from other these entities, which causes ocular calcifications in 90% of cases in a normal sized globe

Question 7

What are the utilization of in-and-out of phase MR vs. fat-sat??

Answer 7

• In-and-out of phase:
  
  • Intracellular fat!
    
    • Fatty liver
    • Adenomas - Adrenal and hepatic
• Fat-suppressed:
  
  • Macroscopic fat!
    
    • Angiomyolipoma!
    • A bunch of other things to check if its fat (ie Teratoma)

Question 8

Applications for In/Out-of-phase MRI

Answer 8

• Fatty liver and focal fatty sparing
• Adrenal adenoma (helping differentiate it from carcinomas and metastases)
• Lipid-poor angiomyolipoma
• Renal cell carcinoma (RCC)
• Thymic hyperplasia
• Malignant vs benign vertebral fractures: malignant lesions display persistence high signals on opposed-phase 3,4​
• Hemochromatosis