Rapid review Flashcards
Abdominal pain, ascites, hepatomegaly
Budd-Chiari syndrome (posthepatic venous thrombosis)
Bounding pulses, wide pulse pressure, diastolic heart murmur, head bobbing
Aortic regurgitation
Chest pain, pericardial effusion/friction rub, persistent fever following MI
Dressler syndrome (autoimmune-mediated post-MI fibrinous pericarditis, 2 weeks to several months after acute episode)
Golden brown rings around peripheral cornea
Wilson disease (Kayser-Fleischer rings due to copper accumulation)
Lucid interval after traumatic brain injury
Epidural hematoma (middle meningeal artery rupture)
Periorbital and/or peripheral edema, proteinuria (> 3.5g/ day), hypoalbuminemia, hypercholesterolemia
Nephrotic syndrome
Rapidly progressive limb weakness that ascends following GI/upper respiratory infection
GBS
Rash on palms and soles
Coxsackie A, 2° syphilis, Rocky Mountain spotted fever
Swollen gums, mucosal bleeding, poor wound healing, petechiae
scurvy (vit C deficiency)
Systolic ejection murmur (crescendo-decrescendo)
Aortic stenosis
Anti–glomerular basement membrane antibodies
Goodpasture syndrome (glomerulonephritis and hemoptysis)
Antimitochondrial antibodies (AMAs)
1° biliary cirrhosis (female, cholestasis, portal hypertension)
Basophilic nuclear remnants in RBCs
Howell-Jolly bodies (due to splenectomy or nonfunctional spleen)
Basophilic stippling of RBCs
Lead poisoning or sideroblastic anemia
“Delta wave” on EKG, short PR interval, supraventricular tachycardia
Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome (Bundle of Kent bypasses AV node)
“Honeycomb lung” on x-ray or CT
Interstitial pulmonary fibrosis
Necrotizing vasculitis (lungs) and necrotizing glomerulonephritis
Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (Wegener; PR3-ANCA/ c-ANCA) and Goodpasture syndrome (anti–basement
membrane antibodies)
Ring-enhancing brain lesion on CT/MRI in AIDS
Toxoplasma gondii, CNS lymphoma
Carcinoid syndrome
Octreotide
Acute gastric ulcer associated with CNS injury
Cushing ulcer ( intracranial pressure stimulates vagal gastric H+ secretion)
Acute gastric ulcer associated with severe burns
Curling ulcer (greatly reduced plasma volume results in sloughing of gastric mucosa)
Holosystolic murmur
VSD, tricuspid regurgitation, mitral regurgitation
Winters formula
PCO2 = 1.5 [ HCO3] + 8 … +/-2
PW is diagnosed by the presence of a short PR interval and a delta wave in sinus rhythm, it is important to be able to make the diagnosis of WPW with atrial fibrillation when presented with an ECG such as this one.
In WPW with atrial fibrillation, drugs that slow AV nodal conduction increase the number of impulses that go down through the bypass tract and actually increase ventricular rate in this setting. Only drugs that slow conduction down the bypass tract are indicated.
Procainamide slows conduction down bypass tracts in WPW