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UWorld Review Incorrects > Rapid Review Key Associations > Flashcards

Rapid Review Key Associations Flashcards

(100 cards)

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1
Q

mito inheritance

A

disease occurs in both F/M, inherited thru females

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2
Q

intellutcal disabiliit

A

Downs, Fragile X

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3
Q

lysosomal storage disease

A

gaucher disease

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4
Q

bacterial meningitis (> 6 months)

A

S pneumo

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5
Q

bacterial meningitis (newborns, kid)

A

group B strept/listeria

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6
Q

HLA-DR3

A

DM1, SLE, Graves, Hashimoto thyroiditis, Addison disease

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7
Q

HLA-DR4

A

DM1, RA, Addison disease

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8
Q

bacteria associated w/ gastritis, PUD, gastric maligancies

A

H pylori

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9
Q

opportunisitic infection in AIDS

A

pneumo jirovecii pneumo

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10
Q

helminth infection

A

enterobius vermicularis

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11
Q

viral encephalitis affecting temporal lobe

A

HSV-1

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12
Q

infection 2/2 blood transfusion

A

Hep C

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13
Q

food posisoning, exotoxin mediated

A

S aureus, B cereus

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14
Q

osteomyelitis

A

S auerus (most common overall)

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15
Q

osteomyelitis w/ sickle cell disease

A

Salmonella

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16
Q

osteomyelitis w/ IV drugs

A

S auerus, Pseudomonas, Candida

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17
Q

UTI

A

EColi, Staph saprophyticus

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18
Q

STD

A

C trachomatis (coinfected w/ N gonorrhae)

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19
Q

nosocominal pneumo

A

S auerus, pseudomonas, klebsiella, acinectobacter

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20
Q

pelvic inflammatory disease

A

C trachomatis, N gonor

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21
Q

mets to bone

A

prostate, breast > kidney, thyroid, lung

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22
Q

mets to brain

A

lung>breast> melanoma, colon, kidney

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23
Q

mets to liver

A

colon» stomach> pancreas

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24
Q

S3 heart sounds

A

inc ventricular filling (mitral regurg, HF)
common in dilated ventricules

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25
S4 heart sounds
stiff/hypertrophic ventricle (aortic stenosis, restrictive cardiomyopathy)
26
constrictive pericarditis
developing world: TB developed world: viral illness, idiopathic
27
holosystolic murmur
VSD, tri/mi regurg
28
ejection click
aortic stenosis
29
mitral valve stenosis
rheumatic heart disease
30
opening snap
mitral stenosis
31
heart murmur, congenital
MVP
32
chronic arrhythmia
AFib (assoicated high risk emboli)
33
cyanosis (early; less common)
ToF, transposition of great vessels, truncus arterious, total anomalous pulmonary VR, tricuspid atresia
34
late cyanosis shunt (uncorrected L>R becomes R>L)
Eisenmenger syndrome (caused by ASD, VSD, PDA>> pulmonary HTN/polycythemia)
35
congenital cardiac anamoly
VSD
36
HTN 2/2
renal artery stenosis CKD (PKD, diabetic nephropathy) hyperaldosteronism
37
aortic aneurysm, thoracic
marfan syndrome (idopathic cystic medial degeneration)
38
aortic aneurysm, abdominal
atherosclerosis, smoking is # risk factor
39
aortic aneurysm, ascending/arch
3 sphyllis, vasa vasorum destruction
40
sites of atherosclerosis
abd aorta>coronary artery>poplietal artery>carotid artery
41
aortic dissection
HTN
42
R heart failure w/ pulm cause
cor pulmonale
43
heart valve in bacterial endocarditis
Mitral >> aortic (rheumatic fever) tricuspid (IV drug use)
44
endocarditis bacterium presentation
S auerus (acute, IVDA, tricuspid) viridans (subacute, dental procedure) s bovis (colon cancer) neg culture= Coxiella, Bartonella, HACEK
45
temporal arteritis
risk of i/l blindness due to occlusion of opthalmic artery polymyalgia rheumatica
46
recurrent inflame/thrombosis of small-medium vessels in extremeitis
buerger disease, STRONGLY assoicated w/ tobaccos
47
primary cardiac tumor in kid
rhabdomyoma, often in tuberous sclerosis
48
cardiac tumor in adult
mets, myxoma (90% LA "ball" tumor)
49
congenital adrenal hyperplasia, hypotension
21-hydroxylase def
50
hypopituitarism
pit adenoma (usually beging)
51
congenital hypothyroidism (cretinism(
thyroid dysgenesis/dyshormonogenesis, iodine deficiency
52
thyroid cancer
papillary carcinoma (childhood raditation)
53
hypoparathyroidism
accidental incision during thyroidectomy
54
primary hyperparathyroidism
adenomas, hyperplasia, carcinoma
55
2 hyperparathyroidism
hypocalcemia of CKD
56
Cushing syndrome
iatrogenic (corticosteroid tx) adrenocortical adenoma (secretes excess cortisol) ACTH-secreting pit adenoma (Cushing disease) paraneoplastic (due to ACTH secretion by tumors)
57
primary hyperaldosteronism
adrenal hyperplasia or adenoma
58
tumor of adrenal medulla in kid
neuroblastoma (malig)
59
tumor of adrenal medulla in adult
pheochromocytoma (generally begn)
60
refractory peptic ulcers and high gastrin levels
Zollinger-Ellison syndrome, assoc MEN1
61
esophageal cancer
worldwide: squamous cell carcinoma US: adenocarcinoma
62
acute gastic ulcer associated with CNS injury
Cushing ulcer (inc ICP stimulates vagal gastric H secretion)
63
acute gastic ulcer associated with severe burns
Curling ulcer (dec plasma volume results in sloughing gastric mucosa)
64
b/l ovarian mets from gastric carcinoma
Krukenburg tumor (mucin-secreting signet ring cells)
65
chronic atrophic gastritis (autoimmune)
predisposition to gastric carcinoma (can also cause pernicious anemia)
66
alternating areas of transmural inflame + normal colon
skip lesions of Chrons
67
site of diverticula
sigmoid colon
68
diverticulum of pharynx
zenker diverticulum (false)> dx w/ barium swallo
69
hepatocellular carcinoma
HBV, other causes of cirrhosis (alcoholic liver disease, hemochromatosis), aflatoxins
70
congential conjugated hyperbiliribinemia (black liver)
Dubin-Johnson syndrome (inability of hepatocytes to secrete conjugated bilirubin to bile)
71
hereditary harmless jaundice
Gilbert syndrome (benign congenital unconjugated hyperbilirbinemia)
72
Wilson disease
hereditary ATP7B mutation
73
hemochromatosis
multiple blood transfusions or hereditary HFE mutation>> bronze diabetes, inc risk hepatocellular carcinoma
74
pancreaitits (acute)
gallstones, alcohol
75
pancreaitis (chronic)
alcohol (adults), CF (kids)
76
auto splenectomy (fibrosis & shrinkage)
sickle cell disease (Hb S)
77
bleeding disorder w/ Gp1b def
Bernard-Souiler syndrome (defect to adhesion to vWF)
78
bleeding disorder w/ Gp2b/3a
Glanzmann thrombasthemai (defect in platelet:platelet adhesion)
79
DIC causes
severe sepsis obstretric complications cancer burns trauma mjr surgery acute pancreatitis APL
80
malignancy associated w/ non-infectious fever
hodgkin lymphoma
81
most common type of hodgkin lymphoma
nodular sclerosis
82
t(14, 18)
Follicular Lymphoma (BCL2 activation, anti-apoptic oncogene)
83
t(8, 14)
Burkitt lymphoma (c-myc fusion)
84
most common type of non-hogkin lymphoma
diffuse large B-cell lymphoma
85
most common primary bone tumor in adults
MM
86
Ages for ALL, CLL, AML, CML
ALL: child CLL: adult > 60 AML: adult ~65 CML: adult 45-65
87
death in CML
blast crisis
88
t(9:22)
CML, philly choromsome (BRC-ABL oncogene, tyrosine kinase activation); more rarely assoicated w/ ALL
89
most tumor of infancy
strawberry hemiangioma (grows rapidly, spontaneously regresses)
90
herald patch
pityriasis rosea
91
most common pit tumor
prolactinoma, somatotrophic adeoma
92
most common glomerulonephritis in adult
berger disease (IgA nephropathy)
93
most common nephrotic in adult
membraneous nephropathy
94
most common nephrotic in kid
minimal change disease
95
MCC clear cell adenocarcinoma of vagina
DES exposure in utero
96
most common ovarian tumor, benign b/l
serous cystadenoma
97
most common ovarian tumor, malig
serious carcinoma
98
gyneocological malig
endometrial carcinoma (US) cervical carcinoma (worldwide)
99
breast tumor in young F
fibroademona
100
most common testicular cancer
seminoma (malig, radiosensitive), inc placental ALP

UWorld Review Incorrects (12 decks)

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