Rat Anatomy Functions

Question 1

Maturation of sperm, concentrates and stores sperm

Answer 1

epididymus

Question 2

complex thought, learning, and memory; coordinates multiple responses based on sensory input, including voluntary movement

Answer 2

cerebrum

Question 3

maintains balance and posture

Answer 3

cerebellum

Question 4

secretes hormones that regulate the body’s metabolic rate

Answer 4

thyroid

Question 5

functions in respiration and control of pH

Answer 5

lung

Question 6

folds in the peritoneum that connect the intestines to the dorsal abdominal wall

Answer 6

mesentery

Question 7

artery that sends oxygenated blood to the upper limbs; vein of the same name brings deoxygenated blood away from the upper limbs

Answer 7

subclavian

Question 8

glands that produce tears

Answer 8

extraorbital-lacrimal

Question 9

vein that delivers blood from digestive organs to the liver for detoxification

Answer 9

portal

Question 10

arteries that carry oxygenated blood to the head

Answer 10

carotid

Question 11

filters out wastes in the blood to be excreted in the urine

Answer 11

kidney

Question 12

first portion of the small intestine; receives contents from the stomach, pancreas, and gallbladder (heptic duct in rat)

Answer 12

duodenum

Question 13

pouch found at the beginning of the large intestine that contains bacteria to help ferment cellulose

Answer 13

caecum

Question 14

produces sperm and secretes male sex hormones

Answer 14

testis

Question 15

temporarily stores liver-made bile, a lipid emulsifier (rats do not have this)

Answer 15

gallbladder

Question 16

part of the brain controlling vital life processes; connects the spinal cord

Answer 16

stem

Question 17

artery that carries oxygenated blood to the kidney; a vein of the same name carries deoxygenated blood away from the kidney

Answer 17

renal

Question 18

secretes digestive enzymes, glucose storage/liberation hormones, and an alkaline solution to neutralize stomach acid

Answer 18

pancreas

Question 19

immune system organ where T cells develop

Answer 19

thymus

Question 20

longest part of the small intestine; primary site of food digestion and absorption

Answer 20

jejuno-ileum

Question 21

a cord serving as the central nervous system’s highway between the brain and the peripheral nervous system; protected by vertebral canal

Answer 21

spinal

Question 22

calf muscle

Answer 22

gastronemius

Question 23

produces oocytes and secretes female sex hormones

Answer 23

ovary

Question 24

lining of the abdominal cavity

Answer 24

peritoneum

Question 25

vesicles or glands that produce fluid that nourish the sperm; makes most of the ejaculate

Answer 25

seminal

Question 26

muscular gland that activates sperm; a portion of the male urethra passes through it

Answer 26

prostate

Question 27

complex, regenerative organ important for glycogen storage, bile production, detoxification, removal of old RBCs and bacteria, plasma protein production, and many other functions

Answer 27

liver

Question 28

trunk that represents the first arterial branch off of the arch of the aorta; supplies right subclavian and carotid arteries

Answer 28

brachiocephalic

Question 29

the major inspiratory muscle

Answer 29

diaphragm

Question 30

maintains the fetus during its development

Answer 30

uterus

Question 31

tube that carries oocytes post-ovulation to the uterus; site of fertilization

Answer 31

fallopian

Question 32

closes the jaw during chewing

Answer 32

masseter

Question 33

provides significant force to pump blood to the lungs (right) or throughout the body (left)

Answer 33

ventricle

Question 34

glands that produce a fluid containing carbohydrate digestive enzymes; lubricates food in the oral cavity

Answer 34

salivary

Question 35

houses the vocal cords

Answer 35

larynx

Question 36

structure that houses testes at a lower temperature, optimal for spermatogenesis

Answer 36

scrotum

Question 37

stores ingested food, muscularly churns food, and begins protein digestion in an acidic environment

Answer 37

stomach

Question 38

a duct that carries urine from the kidney to the bladder

Answer 38

ureter

Question 39

stores feces before defecation

Answer 39

colon

Question 40

stores lymphocytes and platelets and destroys old red blood cells

Answer 40

spleen

Question 41

windpipe

Answer 41

trachea

Question 42

carries food and water to the stomach

Answer 42

esophagus

Question 43

gland that produces many important hormones, positioned above the kidney

Answer 43

adrenal

Question 44

veins that carry deoxygenated blood away from the head

Answer 44

jugular

Question 45

a tube that carries urine from the bladder out of the body

Answer 45

urethra

Question 46

stores urine before micturition

Answer 46

bladder

Question 47

provides weak force to pump deoxygenated blood (right) or oxygenated blood (left) into the ventricles

Answer 47

atria