RBC Abnormalities: Poikilocytosis

Question 1

alterations or variations in shape

Answer 1

Poikilocytosis

Question 2

ESR in poikolocytosis

Answer 2

ESR DECREASE

Question 3

seen in patient with VITAMIN B12 AND FOLATE DEFICIENCIES (observed in erythrocytes and reticulocytes)

Answer 3

Oval Macrocytes (Oval or egg-like)

Question 4

1. Nuclear Maturation Lags behind Cytoplasmic Maturation
2. IMPAIRED ABILITY OF CELLS TO SYNTHESIZED DNA

Answer 4

Asynchronous Development ; Megaloblastic Anemia

Question 5

SECONDARY TO MEMBRANE DEFECTS:

Increase SPHINGOMYELIN over lecithin

Answer 5

Acanthocytes

Question 6

SECONDARY TO MEMBRANE DEFECTS:

Also known as SPUR, Thorn cells ;

Severe Liver Disease
Neuroacanthocytosis
Mcleod Syndrome
Abetalipoprotenemia

Answer 6

Acanthocytes

Question 7

SECONDARY TO MEMBRANE DEFECTS:

RBC with short projections ; distortion of OSMOTIC BALANCE

Answer 7

Echinocytes (Crenated, Sea Urchin)

Question 8

SECONDARY TO MEMBRANE DEFECTS:

Burr Cells

Answer 8

Echinocytes

Question 9

SECONDARY TO MEMBRANE DEFECTS:

seen in patient with
Uremia
Liver disease
Heparin Therapy
Pyruvate Kinase

Answer 9

Echinocytes (burr, sea urchin)

Question 10

SECONDARY TO MEMBRANE DEFECTS:

Increased in surface to volume ratio; EXCESS CHOLESTROL
Hemoglobin concentration imbalance

Answer 10

Codocytes (Mexican hat, Target cells)

Question 11

SECONDARY TO MEMBRANE DEFECTS:

Hemoglobinopathies
Thalassemia
Liver Disease

Answer 11

Codocytes (Mexican hat, Target)

Question 12

SECONDARY TO MEMBRANE DEFECTS:

Thinner version of Codocytes seen in patient with:

Hepatic disorder
IDA
Thalassemia

Answer 12

Leptocytes

Question 13

SECONDARY TO MEMBRANE DEFECTS:

No central palor
Defects of Red cell membrane protein (SPECTRIN)

Answer 13

Spherocytes

Question 14

SECONDARY TO MEMBRANE DEFECTS:

Seen in patients with:

Hereditary spherocytosis
Immune Hemolytic Anemia
Extensive burns

Answer 14

Spherocytes

Question 15

Hereditary Spherocytosis OFT result

Answer 15

Increase

“HIS”

Question 16

SECONDARY TO MEMBRANE DEFECTS:

Slit Like area of central pallor
CATION IMBALANCE (Na/K)

Answer 16

Stomatocytes

“SS” - Stomato ; Sodium

Question 17

SECONDARY TO MEMBRANE DEFECTS:

Seen in patients with:

Hereditary stomatocytosis
RH NULL SYNDROME
Acquired (Liver disease, alcoholism)
Artifact

Answer 17

Stomatocytes

Question 18

SECONDARY TO MEMBRANE DEFECTS:

Cigar-shaped RBC
Defect is Cytoskeleton
DECREASED IN MEMBRANE PROTEIN BAND 4.1

Answer 18

Elliptocyte

Question 19

SECONDARY TO MEMBRANE DEFECTS:

Seen in patient with

Hereditary Elliptocytosis
Malignancy
Hb C disease
Hemolytic Anemia
IDA
Sickle cells trait
Thalassemia
Pernicious anemia

Answer 19

Eliptocytes

Question 20

SECONDARY TO MEMBRANE DEFECTS:

Egg-shaped RBC
Seen in patient with Macroovalocytes
MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA

Answer 20

Ovalocytes

Question 21

Hereditary Spherocytosis and Autoimmune Hemolytic Anemia has the same result with:

MCHC - Increased
OFT - Increased

What is the test used to differentiate the two?

Answer 21

Direct AHG Test (DAT)

Question 22

SECONDARY TO TRAUMA:

Answer 22

1. Schizocytes
2. Dacryocytes
3. Microsperocytes, Pyropoikilocyte
4. Semi-lunar bodies, Half-moon, Crescent cells

Question 23

SECONDARY TO TRAUMA:

Fragmented RBC

Seen in patient w/
Microangiopathic Hemolytic Anemia
Traumatic Cardiac Hemolysis
Extensive Burns

Answer 23

Schizocytes

Question 24

SECONDARY TO TRAUMA:

Hornlike projections

Answer 24

Helmet Cells (Keratocyte)

Question 25

SECONDARY TO TRAUMA: Pinched bottle appearance

Answer 25

Knizocytes

Question 26

SECONDARY TO TRAUMA: Single pointed extension ; squeezing and fragmentation (Teardrop)

Answer 26

Dacryocytes

Question 27

SECONDARY TO TRAUMA: Seen in patients with Primary Myelofibrosis Myelophthisic anemia Thalassemia Megaloblastic Anemia

Answer 27

Dacryocytes

Question 28

SECONDARY TO TRAUMA: Abnormality in membrane protein; HEAT SENSITIVITY at 45 deg cel.

Answer 28

Microspherocyte Pyropoikilocyte

Question 29

SECONDARY TO TRAUMA: Pale-pink staining of ghost cell; seen in malaria

Answer 29

Semi-lunar, Half-moon, Crescent cell

Question 30

SECONDARY TO HEMOGLOBIN CONTENT: formed from gelation Hgb S Lowered Oxygen and Decreased pH (Shift Left)

Answer 30

Drepanocyte (sickle cells) Holly-Leaf Shape

Question 31

SECONDARY TO Hgb Content: seen in patient with SICKLE CELL ANEMIA

Answer 31

Drepanocytes