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Bellas chemistry > reaction of functional groups > Flashcards

reaction of functional groups Flashcards

1
Q

aldehyde to acid
e,g ethanal to lactic acid
CH3CH(OH)COOH - lactic

A

1
-nucleophillic addition
-HCN + KCN
CH3CHO + HCN –> CH3CH(OH)CN
2
-hydrolysis
-strong acid
-heat under reflux
CH3CH(OH)CN + 2H2O + H+ –> CH3CH(OH)COOH + NH4+

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2
Q

keytone/aldehyde to alcohol

A

LiAlH4
dry ether

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3
Q

carboxylic acid to alcholol

A

LiAlH4
dry ether

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4
Q

alcohol to esther

A

conc H2SO4
esterfacation

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5
Q

alkane to halogenoalkane

A

Cl2 , Br2 ect
UV light
free radical substitudtion

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6
Q

alkene to alkane

A

H2
Nickel catalyst
150*
margarine can be made

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7
Q

alkene to halogenoalkane

A

hydrogen halide

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8
Q

halogenoalkane to alkene

A

NaOH
ethanol
heat

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9
Q

halogenoalkane to alcohol

A

aqueous NaOH
heat under reflux

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10
Q

halogenoalkane to amine

A

conc NH3
ethanol
heat under pressure

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11
Q

halogenoalkane to nitrile

A

KCN
ethanol
heat under reflux

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12
Q

halogenoalkane to gringard reagent

A

Mg
dry ether

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13
Q

alkene to dihalogenoalkane

A

X2
room temp

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14
Q

alcohol to halogenoalkane

A

conc HX or PCl5
dif method for each halogen

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15
Q

alcohol to keytone

A

secondary alcohol
acidifed K2Cr2O7
heat under reflux

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16
Q

alcohol to aldehyde

A

primary alcohol
acidified K2Cr2O7
distil

17
Q

keytone/aldehyde to alcohol

A

LiAlH4 - source of H- ions
dry ether
hydrolysis

18
Q

gringard reagent to alcohol

A

HCOH
RCHO
RCOR’

19
Q

keytone/aldehyde to hydroxynitrile

A

KCN with HCN

20
Q

carboxylic acid to aldehyde

A

LiAlH4
dry ether
hydrolysis

21
Q

aldehyde to carboxylic acid

A

acidified K2Cr2O7
heat under reflux

22
Q

gringard reagent to carboxylic acid

A

CO2
hydrolysis

23
Q

nitrile to amine

A

H2
nickel catalyst
150*
LiAlH4
dry ether
hydrolysis

24
Q

nitrile to carboxylic acid

A

HCl
heat

25
Q

carboxylic acid to ester

A

ROH
heat
conc H2SO4

26
Q

carboxylic acid to acyl chloride

A

PCl5
room temp

27
Q

ester to carboxylic acid

A

HCL or H2SO4
heat under reflux

28
Q

acyl chloride to ester

A

ROH
room temp

29
Q

acyl chloride to carboxylic acid

A

H2O
room temp

30
Q

acyl chloride to amide

A

conc NH3

31
Q

amine to secondary amide

A

acyl chloride
room temp

32
Q

alcohol to ester

A

NaBH4

33
Q

benzene to

A
34
Q

alkene to alcohol

A

steam
acid

35
Q

halogenoalkane to esther

A

alcohol
- ethaolic KOH / NaOH
carboxylic acid
-pottasium dichromate vi
-sulfuric acid
esther
-react alcohol with carboxylic acid
-sulphuric acid catalyst

36
Q

diol from phenoalkene

A

pottasium manganate vii

37
Q

alcohol to carboxylic acid

A

potassium dichromate vi and dilute sulfuric acid
heat under reflux
forms water
colour change from —- to green

38
Q

cyclicalcohol to cyclicalkene

A

elimination experiement
phosphoric acid
heat
use distilation and seperating funell
then dry

39
Q

Cyclic

A

Bellas chemistry (32 decks)

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