Reaction Pathways Flashcards

(24 cards)

1
Q

What are alkanes made from and what are the conditions?

A

Alkenes

Hydrogen and a nickel catalyst

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2
Q

What is benzene made from and what are the conditions?

A

Alkanes

Isomerism

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3
Q

What is nitrobenzene made from and what are the conditions?

A

Benzene

C. Sulphuric acid , C. Hydrochloric acid

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4
Q

What are benzene derivatives made from and what are the conditions?

A

Benzene

Aluminium chloride and a haloalkane

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5
Q

What is ethyl benzene made from and what are the conditions?

A

Benzene

Plus an alkane

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6
Q

What is phenylamine made from and what are the conditions?

A

Nitrobenzene

Tin and hydrochloric acod

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7
Q

What are diazonium compounds made from and what are the conditions?

A

Phenylamine
Sodium nitrate (NaNO2)/ HCl
>10degrees

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8
Q

What are azo dyes made from and what are the conditions?

A

Diazonium salts
Phenol
NaOH
>10 degrees

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9
Q

What is phenol made from and what are the conditions?

A

Diazonium salts

H2O warm

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10
Q

What are alkenes made from and what are the conditions?

A

Alkanes -> cracking
Halogenoalkanes-> alcoholic KOH
Primary alcohols -> Aluminium oxide at 400 degrees

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11
Q

What is ind ethanol made from and what are the conditions?

A

Alkenes
H3PO4/h20
300 degrees
70atm

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12
Q

What is polythene made from?

A

Alkenes

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13
Q

What are prm alcohols made from and what are the conditions?

A

Amines -> HONO
Alkenes-> c.h2SO4 /h2o
Aldehydes-> LiAlH4

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14
Q

What are sec alcohols made from and what are the conditions?

A

Ketones-> LiAlH4

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15
Q

What are halogenoalkanes made from and what are the conditions?

A

Alkenes-> HCl

Prm alcohols -> SOCl2

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16
Q

What are amines made from and what are the conditions?

A

Halogenoalkanes - NH3

Nitriles - LiAlH4

17
Q

What are nitriles made from and what are the conditions?

A

Haloalkanes->KCN

18
Q

What are ketones made from and what are the conditions?

Give the test

A

Secondary alcohols-> potassium dichromate & dil. H2SO4

Orange ppt with 2,4 DNP

19
Q

What are aldehydes made from and what are the conditions?

A

Primary alcohols-> potassium dichromate /dil H2SO4
Distill the product, add alcohol in excess
Carboxylic acids-> LiAlH4

20
Q

What are carboxylic acids made from and what are the conditions?

A

CH3COONa salts-> HCl
Aldehydes-> potassium dichromate / dil. h2SO4
Acid chlorides -> h20
Esters-> h20

21
Q

What are sodium salts made from and what are the conditions?

A

Carboxylic acids-> NaOH

22
Q

What are acid chlorides made from and what are the conditions?

A

Carboxylic acids -SOCl2

23
Q

What are esters made from and what are the conditions?

A

Carboxylic acids -> alcohols, c.H2SO4

Acid chlorides -> alcohol

24
Q

What are amides made from and what are the conditions?

A

Carboxylic acids-> add ammonium carbonate to excess COOH, dehydrate

Nitriles-> LiAlH4 in ethoxyethane followed by a dilute acid
Acid chlorides -NH3