Reaction Pathways Flashcards
(24 cards)
What are alkanes made from and what are the conditions?
Alkenes
Hydrogen and a nickel catalyst
What is benzene made from and what are the conditions?
Alkanes
Isomerism
What is nitrobenzene made from and what are the conditions?
Benzene
C. Sulphuric acid , C. Hydrochloric acid
What are benzene derivatives made from and what are the conditions?
Benzene
Aluminium chloride and a haloalkane
What is ethyl benzene made from and what are the conditions?
Benzene
Plus an alkane
What is phenylamine made from and what are the conditions?
Nitrobenzene
Tin and hydrochloric acod
What are diazonium compounds made from and what are the conditions?
Phenylamine
Sodium nitrate (NaNO2)/ HCl
>10degrees
What are azo dyes made from and what are the conditions?
Diazonium salts
Phenol
NaOH
>10 degrees
What is phenol made from and what are the conditions?
Diazonium salts
H2O warm
What are alkenes made from and what are the conditions?
Alkanes -> cracking
Halogenoalkanes-> alcoholic KOH
Primary alcohols -> Aluminium oxide at 400 degrees
What is ind ethanol made from and what are the conditions?
Alkenes
H3PO4/h20
300 degrees
70atm
What is polythene made from?
Alkenes
What are prm alcohols made from and what are the conditions?
Amines -> HONO
Alkenes-> c.h2SO4 /h2o
Aldehydes-> LiAlH4
What are sec alcohols made from and what are the conditions?
Ketones-> LiAlH4
What are halogenoalkanes made from and what are the conditions?
Alkenes-> HCl
Prm alcohols -> SOCl2
What are amines made from and what are the conditions?
Halogenoalkanes - NH3
Nitriles - LiAlH4
What are nitriles made from and what are the conditions?
Haloalkanes->KCN
What are ketones made from and what are the conditions?
Give the test
Secondary alcohols-> potassium dichromate & dil. H2SO4
Orange ppt with 2,4 DNP
What are aldehydes made from and what are the conditions?
Primary alcohols-> potassium dichromate /dil H2SO4
Distill the product, add alcohol in excess
Carboxylic acids-> LiAlH4
What are carboxylic acids made from and what are the conditions?
CH3COONa salts-> HCl
Aldehydes-> potassium dichromate / dil. h2SO4
Acid chlorides -> h20
Esters-> h20
What are sodium salts made from and what are the conditions?
Carboxylic acids-> NaOH
What are acid chlorides made from and what are the conditions?
Carboxylic acids -SOCl2
What are esters made from and what are the conditions?
Carboxylic acids -> alcohols, c.H2SO4
Acid chlorides -> alcohol
What are amides made from and what are the conditions?
Carboxylic acids-> add ammonium carbonate to excess COOH, dehydrate
Nitriles-> LiAlH4 in ethoxyethane followed by a dilute acid
Acid chlorides -NH3
