Reaction types

Question 1

What reactions do oxidoreductases catalyze?

Answer 1

redox reactions

Question 2

A loss of H is (oxidation/reduction)?

Answer 2

oxidation

Question 3

A (gain/loss) of H is reduction?

Answer 3

gain

Question 4

Most of the time when FAD/NAD+ become FADH2/NADH, what enzyme is involved?

Answer 4

dehydrogenase

Question 5

Gain of H, FAD is (reduced/oxidized) to FADH2

Answer 5

reduced

Question 6

Loss of H the succinate is (reduced/oxidized) to fumarate.

Answer 6

oxidized

Question 7

B2 is the precursor for the synthesis of (NAD+ / FAD) in the body.

Answer 7

FAD

Question 8

B3 is the precursor for the synthesis of (NAD+/FAD) in the body.

Answer 8

NAD+

Question 9

Dehydrogenases and oxidases are both which class of enzyme?

Answer 9

oxidoreductase

Question 10

______________ enzymes synthesize molecules by catalyzing the transfer of a group from one molecule to another.

Answer 10

Transferases

Question 11

Is a nucleophile electron rich or poor? Positive or negative?

Answer 11

Rich/negative

Question 12

True or false.
Electrophiles are deficient.

Answer 12

True

Question 13

Hydrolysis would use which enzyme?

Answer 13

hydrolase

Question 14

A group transfer would use what enzyme?

Answer 14

transferase

Question 15

A condensation reaction would use what enzyme?

Answer 15

lyase

Question 16

A decarboxylation/elimination reaction would use which enzyme?

Answer 16

lyase

Question 17

A hydration/addition reaction would use which enzyme?

Answer 17

lyase

Question 18

An isomerization reaction would use which enzyme?

Answer 18

isomerase

Question 19

Which enzyme would join molecules with the use of ATP?

Answer 19

ligase

Question 20

dehydrogenase and oxidase are in what class?

Answer 20

oxidoreductase

Question 21

phosphatase, ATPase, peptidase, and lipase are in which class?

Answer 21

hydrolase

Question 22

kinase and polymerase are in which class?

Answer 22

transferase

Question 23

synthase, decarboxylase and hydratase are in which class?

Answer 23

lyase

Question 24

mutase, epimerase, racemase are in which class?

Answer 24

isomerase

Question 25

synthetase, synthase are in which class?

Answer 25

ligase

Question 26

Which enzymes transfer a phosphate group from ATP to another (non-water) molecule?

Answer 26

kinases

Question 27

Which enzymes transfers a monomer to a polymer, especially in DNA and RNA?

Answer 27

polymerases

Question 28

___________ transfer "X" from one molecule to another.

Answer 28

"X" transferases "X" is the name of the group being transfered example: if "X" is a peptide, then the enzyme is a peptidyl transferase

Question 29

True or false. Transfer reactions never require the use of a "carrier"

Answer 29

False, many do.

Question 30

__________ is the "carier" that replaces the OH on fatty acids during TG formation.

Answer 30

CoASH

Question 31

A fatty acid attached to CoASH is called a ____________.

Answer 31

fatty acyl

Question 32

What type of transferase enzyme is used to make TG's?

Answer 32

glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT)

Question 33

What class of enzymes catalyzes hydrolysis reactions?

Answer 33

Hydrolases

Question 34

Phosphatases belong to what enzyme class?

Answer 34

hydrolases

Question 35

Which enzymes hydrolyse ATP to release a phosphate group?

Answer 35

ATPase

Question 36

Does water typically act as a nucleophile or an electrophile?

Answer 36

nucleophile

Question 37

3 types of reactions catalyzed by lyases include:

Answer 37

1.) addition: adds a molecule, commonly across a 2X (or 3X) carbon bond 2.) elimination: removes atoms in a molecule to create a double bond 3.) condensation: joins 2 molecules, creating new C-C bond

Question 38

dehydratase vs. dehydrogenase

Answer 38

dehydratase: removal of water dehydrogenase: removal of hydrogen

Question 39

________________ is the class of enzymes that rearranges a group(s) within a molecule: no net addition or elimination of atoms

Answer 39

isomerases

Question 40

What do mutases do?

Answer 40

transfer functional groups intramolecularly

Question 41

What do epimerases do?

Answer 41

interconvert the groups around an asymmetric carbon in a molecule that has more that one asymmetric carbon

Question 42

What do racemases do?

Answer 42

interconvert the groups around an asymmetric carbon in a molecule that only has one asymmetric carbon.

Question 43

True or false. a reaction can be an isomerization but not use an enzyme from the isomerase class.

Answer 43

True

Question 44

___________ enzyme class catalyze various reactions that join 2 molecules with the use of ATP for energy.

Answer 44

ligases

Question 45

differentiate hydratase, hydrolase

Answer 45

Hydratases catalyze hydration reactions, adding a water molecule to a substrate, often as part of metabolic pathways. ex: biochemical processes, including the synthesis and breakdown of molecules within cells. Hydrolases catalyze hydrolysis reactions, breaking specific chemical bonds in molecules by adding water, resulting in the cleavage of those bonds. ex: digestion of food, the breakdown of cellular waste products, and the regulation of metabolic pathways.